Balkhash (city)

Balkhash (Kazakh: Balqash; Russian: Балхаш, romanized: Balkhash) is a city in Kazakhstan, located on the northern shore of the Lake Balkhash, on the Bay Bertys, and in south of Kazakh Uplands. Population of the city: 68,833 (2009 Census results);[1] 65,431 (1999 Census results).[1]

Balkhash

Balqash
City
Centre of the city
Balkhash
Location in Kazakhstan
Balkhash
Balkhash (Asia)
Coordinates: 46°50′53″N 74°59′42″E
CountryKazakhstan
RegionKaraganda Region
Founded1931
Incorporated (city)1937
Government
 • Akim (mayor)Nurlan Erikbaevich Aubakirov (since 29 May 2012)
Elevation
440 m (1,440 ft)
Population
 (2009)
 • City68,833
 • Urban
77,662
 • Summer (DST)UTC+6 (UTC+6)
Postal code
100300 - 100316
Area code(s)+7 71036
Websitebalkhash.gov.kz
Southern view of the city Balkhash.

Balkhash was founded in 1937 as an industrial city centred on the mining and smelting of copper, and presently copper is still exploited there. The city lies approximately 500 km west of the Chinese border on the north side of the lake at an altitude of 440 m.

The history of the city is closely connected with mining of deposits of copper and development of a smelting plant.

History
Main article: Balkhashtsvetmet

On 11 April 1937, a small worker's settlement "Pribalhashstroy", designed in connection with the construction of a copper factory - BGMC, was transformed into the city of Balkhash by decision of the Central Executive Committee of the Kazakh SSR. In this way, the copper factory effected the city's appearance.

On 9 November 1932, the first school was established in the city - school No. 1. The school educated a few children of the builders of the city that time. Among these children was Maria Nicolaevna Guseva (Halova). This school became a matter of her life: firstly she was one of the first pupils. Later, she became a teacher. In 1935, a section for parachuting was opened. Its first director was Dyusembayev.

During the Great Patriotic War (Russian term for World War II), most of the male population was conscripted into the military service and women replaced them in the copper factory.

After World War II, Japanese war prisoners took part in the building of the city. In particular, they built buildings, the "Palace of Metallurgists" and the local airport.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, between 1992 and 1996, the city and its residents, like most former Soviet citizens, experienced an acute crisis, including power outages, weak central heating and intermittent operation of the copper factory. Some people cooked on fires in their yards; in winter they heated their apartments with potbelly stoves. Summer cottages served as an additional source of foodstuffs, contributing to the populace's survival. In the late 1990s, the city's and country's economies stabilised. A new neighborhood was built in the city, the so-called "Canadian cottages". All schools, medical facilities and the college started to function normally.

Administration and directorates

Due to the appointment of former Mayor Kadyrzhan Teylyanova as Chairman of the Committee of Fisheries of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nurlan Erikbaevich Aubakirov (born 29.12.1975) has been the mayor of Balkash since 29 May 2012.[2]

Balkhash's city government also administers the urban-type settlements of Sayak (3669 people), Gulshat and Chubar-Tubek (625 people). In May 1997, the city of Balkhash was transferred from Dzhezkazgan Region to Karaganda Region due to a boundary change.

Population

The combined population of the city and its urban area is 75,453 people (2010). The ethnic composition on 1 January 2010 was:[3]

  • Kazakhs — 50,307 people (64,94 %)
  • Russians — 19,823 people (26,20 %)
  • Ukrainians — 1,169 people (1,94 %)
  • Germans — 1,032 people (1,83 %)
  • Koreans — 1,172 people (1,55 %)
  • Tatars — 1,080 people (1,43 %)
  • Belarusians — 229 people (0,37 %)
  • Chechen people — 183 (0,24 %)
  • Azerbaijani people — 119 (0,16 %)
  • Uzbeks — 112 people (0,15 %)
  • Others — 1,134 people (1,50 %)
  • In total — 77,662 people (100,00 %)

In recent years, the number of Russian speakers is dramatically declining, but this is more than compensated by an influx of Kazakhs, who come mostly from rural areas, resulting in growth of the city's population after the substantial decline in the 1990s.

Climate
Winter in Balkhash. One of the central streets.

Balkhash has a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk) with warm summers and very cold winters. Precipitation is low throughout the year. Snow is common, though light, in winter. The lowest temperature on record is −41.2 °C (−42.2 °F), recorded in December 1938, and the highest temperature is 40.9 °C (105.6 °F), recorded in July 2005.[4]

Climate data for Balkhash
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 3.9
(39.0)		 6.1
(43.0)		 24.5
(76.1)		 32.5
(90.5)		 34.4
(93.9)		 37.6
(99.7)		 40.9
(105.6)		 39.5
(103.1)		 37.6
(99.7)		 27.2
(81.0)		 17.4
(63.3)		 7.5
(45.5)		 40.9
(105.6)
Average high °C (°F) −8.7
(16.3)		 −6.7
(19.9)		 1.7
(35.1)		 14.3
(57.7)		 22.1
(71.8)		 27.9
(82.2)		 29.6
(85.3)		 28.1
(82.6)		 21.7
(71.1)		 12.9
(55.2)		 3.0
(37.4)		 −5.2
(22.6)		 11.7
(53.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) −13.3
(8.1)		 −12.1
(10.2)		 −3.6
(25.5)		 8.3
(46.9)		 16.4
(61.5)		 22.3
(72.1)		 24.2
(75.6)		 22.4
(72.3)		 15.6
(60.1)		 7.1
(44.8)		 −1.8
(28.8)		 −9.7
(14.5)		 6.3
(43.3)
Average low °C (°F) −17.6
(0.3)		 −16.8
(1.8)		 −8.2
(17.2)		 3.1
(37.6)		 10.7
(51.3)		 16.3
(61.3)		 18.5
(65.3)		 16.3
(61.3)		 9.3
(48.7)		 2.0
(35.6)		 −5.7
(21.7)		 −13.7
(7.3)		 1.2
(34.2)
Record low °C (°F) −40.1
(−40.2)		 −40.2
(−40.4)		 −30.8
(−23.4)		 −14.2
(6.4)		 −5.5
(22.1)		 4.0
(39.2)		 6.9
(44.4)		 3.7
(38.7)		 −4.7
(23.5)		 −14.8
(5.4)		 −32.7
(−26.9)		 −41.2
(−42.2)		 −41.2
(−42.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 13
(0.5)		 11
(0.4)		 12
(0.5)		 10
(0.4)		 15
(0.6)		 12
(0.5)		 14
(0.6)		 9
(0.4)		 4
(0.2)		 9
(0.4)		 16
(0.6)		 13
(0.5)		 138
(5.4)
Average rainy days 2 2 5 7 9 8 9 6 4 7 7 4 70
Average snowy days 15 14 7 1 0.1 0 0 0 0 1 8 15 61
Average relative humidity (%) 79 78 74 56 51 46 49 47 47 60 75 79 62
Mean monthly sunshine hours 153 179 228 276 335 367 377 363 299 222 151 131 3,081
Source 1: pogoda.ru.net[4]
Source 2: NOAA (sun only, 1961–1990)[5]
  • Centre of town.
  • Part of the town beach.
  • Metallurgical works.
  • Old metallurgical works.
  • Monument to victims of reprisals.
  • Spring. Beach. 22 March 2008.
  • Lake in the spring time. 22 March 2008.
  • lake Balkhash

Akim of Balkhash town

Previously, this position was held by Alexander Agliulin. He voluntarily went to the post of akim of Balkhash town. "Erlan Koshanov presented the new head of the city. It was the Way Daurbekov. Prior to the appointment, he headed the Department of economy, " -said the press Secretary of the akim of the region Marina Shapovalova on Facebook.[6]

Economy

Infrastructure
gollark: The UK, as a superior country, has fixed this by not having guns.
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gollark: Idea: remove people who want some people to not be in the gene pool from the gene pool.
gollark: This is sensible, as environmental factors and/or compassion do not exist.
gollark: They have some clever cryptography to preserve privacy.

See also

References
  1. "Население Республики Казахстан" (in Russian). Департамент социальной и демографической статистики. Retrieved 8 December 2013.
  2. "BNEWS KZ (in russ.)". Archived from the original on 2014-03-19. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
  3. Национальный состав населения Казахстана по переписи 2009
  4. "pogoda.ru.net Погода и Климат". Retrieved October 20, 2016.
  5. "Balhash Climate Normals 1961-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 10, 2012.
  6. https://kaz.tengrinews.kz/kazakhstan_news/oraz-taurbekov-balkash-kalasyinyin-akm-boldyi-299442/
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