Bajío

The Bajío (lowlands) is a region of Central Mexico that includes parts of the states of Aguascalientes, Jalisco (Centro-Los Altos de Jalisco), Guanajuato, and Querétaro.[1][2][3][4][1]

Bajio

The Bajío has repeatedly been recognized as the region with the best quality of life, the safest region,[5] and the most dynamic in Mexico, sometimes credited that in Latin America too.[6][7][8][9] Nowadays, the region is a economically vigorous service industry-oriented region that is experiencing an ongoing socioeconomic revitalization. [10][11][12] The largest cities of Bajio are Guadalajara, León, Santiago de Querétaro and Aguascalientes.[13]

History of Bajío culture

Bajío Occidente (West Bajio).

Recent archaeological studies of the Bajío have discovered an extensive, historic cultural tradition unique to the region, particularly along the flood plains of the Lerma and Laja rivers. The Bajío Culture flourished from 300 to 650 CE, with cultural centers ranging from El Cóporo in the far north of Guanajuato to Plazuelas in the far south west.[14] More than 1,400 sites have been discovered throughout the state of Guanajuato, with only the sites of Cañada de la Virgen, El Cóporo, Peralta, and Plazuelas having received extensive study. This region was also known as La Gran Chichimeca in later years. It was the epicenter of the historic Chichimeca War, the Northern Revolutionary States, and cradle of Mexican War of Independence.

Geography

In general usage, the region is usually associated with the States of Guanajuato and Querétaro, even though those two states form a part of the Bajío. It is now characterized by its highly mechanized agriculture, with mean precipitation in the order of 700 millimeters (28 in) per annum (one of the highest in the country). During the Viceroyalty of New Spain, the area was known as the breadbasket of the territory. As of 2014, the region produces sorghum, wheat and maize as its main crops.

The Bajío region lies in the basin of the Rio Lerma and Río Grande de Santiago.

States

The free and sovereign states of the Bajío are:

Aguascalientes	Guanajuato	Jalisco	Querétaro

Aguascalientes	Guanajuato	Guadalajara	Querétaro

State of Aguascalientes

Aguascalientes

State of Guanajuato

State of Jalisco

State of Querétaro

Santiago de Querétaro
San Juan del Río

Bajio

Demography

Aguascalientes

Largest cities

Rank	City	State	Population	Metro Area
1	Guadalajara	Jalisco	1,530,817	4,664,212
2	León	Guanajuato	1,436,480	1,609,717
3	Aguascalientes	Aguascalientes	934,424	1,025,432
4	Santiago de Querétaro	Querétaro	801,940	1,097,025
5	Irapuato	Guanajuato	380,941	529,979
6	Celaya	Guanajuato	310,413	468,387
7	Salamanca	Guanajuato	160,169	260,732
8	Lagos de Moreno	Jalisco	153,817	164,212
9	San Juan del Río	Querétaro	138,878	402,112
10	Tepatitlán de Morelos	Jalisco	104,377	288,635
11	Silao	Guanajuato	74,242	147,123

Economy

Today, the region is one of the fastest-growing in the country. This has caused the metropolitan areas to attract many migrants from other parts of Mexico.[15][16][17]

The region has had an outstanding industrial and economic development in the last 15 years. The cities of Bajío have one of the highest income per capita in Mexico.[18]

The Bajío is home to numerous World Heritage Sites, attracting investors, tourists, and migrants. World Heritage Sites:

San Miguel de Allende
Sanctuary of Jesús Nazareno de Atotonilco
Franciscan Missions in the Sierra Gorda
Agave Landscape and Ancient Industrial Facilities of Tequila
Hospicio Cabañas
Guanajuato City
Zacatecas City
Querétaro City

Asian community

As of early 2014, there are more than three thousand Japanese immigrants in the Bajío area, and it is claimed that this population is larger than the historical Japanese community in Mexico City.[19] The Guanajuato government believes that by 2016 there will be five thousand families living in the area.[20] This immigration is being driven by foreign investment in the area, especially in the automotive sector.

By the end of 2014, it is expected that there will be 100 families settled in Querétaro. In the capital of Querétaro there are 50 Japanese restaurants, 15 of which opened in 2013, mainly in the area of Juriquilla and new shopping centers. There are also talks of the Liceo Mexicano Japonés opening a campus in Querétaro.[20] Bajío Shimbun is a monthly, Japanese-language newspaper founded in June 2015.[21] The first Japanese consulate in Mexico was inaugurated in January 2016 in León and will serve the Bajío region.[22] As of 2017, there were 1,143 Japanese in Aguascalientes, 43% of all foreigners in the state.[23]

There is also a Korean community in the area that is likewise growing as a result of foreign investment. As of 2014, it was more common to see Korean students in private schools than it was to see Japanese.[20]

High-speed rail in the Bajío

There are plans to build a high-speed rail link between Querétaro and Mexico City, which would continue to Guadalajara. It would work as the main form of transportation in all the Bajío and its capital cities.[24]

Culture

The Bajío is known for being the cradle of Mexican Independence from Spanish Empire and one of the most conservative bastions of Mexican Catholicism.

The Bajío is where in April 1915, during the Mexican Revolution, General Álvaro Obregón provoked decisive battles against Pancho Villa. Villa's troops lost in June outside Celaya.

gollark: ++magic reload_ext search

gollark: This is ridiculous.

gollark: ++experimental_qa "Sus law" amogus