BMG Rights Management

BMG Rights Management GmbH (also known simply as BMG) is an international music company based in Berlin, Germany.[1] It combines the activities of a music publisher and a record label.[2][3]

This article is about the music company founded in 2008. For the previous incarnation of the company which was also known as BMG, see Bertelsmann Music Group.

BMG Rights Management GmbH
Division
IndustryMusic
Predecessors
FoundedOctober 2008 (2008-10) in Berlin, Germany
Headquarters
Berlin
,
Germany
Number of locations
12 countries (2018)
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
ServicesMusic rights management
Revenue €545 million (2018)
€122 million (2018)
Number of employees
834 (2018)
ParentBertelsmann
Websitewww.bmg.com
Footnotes / references
BMG's main distributor is an ADA division of Warner Music Group. Additional distributors, depending on artist and division, are Sony Music, RED Distribution, PIAS Group, Good2Go, Universal Music, INgrooves, Demon Music Group, Rough Trade, Icetratt Music and others.

BMG was founded in October 2008 after Bertelsmann sold its stake in Sony BMG.[4] From 2009 to 2013, the investment firm KKR held 51% of the company, which became one of the world's largest music publishers during that time.[5][6] BMG is 100% owned by Bertelsmann and one of the group's eight business divisions.[7] The portfolio includes rights in songs and recordings by artists such as Kylie Minogue,[8] Avril Lavigne,[9] The Rolling Stones,[10] The Cranberries,[11] Jason Aldean,[12] David Bowie,[13] Chrissie Hynde,[14] Nena,[15] Roger Waters,[16] Iggy Pop,[17] Quincy Jones, Blondie, Lenny Kravitz and Morrissey.[18][19]

History

Music at Bertelsmann

In the 1950s, Bertelsmann entered the music business when it added music to its book club.[20] Ariola, a record label, was launched and Sonopress, a pressing plant, was established.[21][22] In 1975, Ariola opened an office in the United States.[23] Bertelsmann acquired Arista Records in 1979 and RCA Records in 1985, thereby becoming one of the world's largest music companies.[24] Its various subsidiaries were brought together in 1987 to form Bertelsmann Music Group (BMG), which did business in a number of genres, including folk, pop and, in particular, classical music.[25]

In response to declining sales in the overall music market, Bertelsmann agreed to merge its record label interests with Sony in 2003; the company was called Sony BMG.[26][27] Furthermore, in 2006, Bertelsmann sold its subsidiary BMG Music Publishing to Vivendi.[28][29] Having reached the conclusion that established music publishing companies and record labels were not appropriate for an increasingly digital music business, Bertelsmann sold its stake in the Sony BMG joint venture in 2008.[30] The company was subsequently renamed Sony Music Entertainment.[31]

Launch of the new BMG

Bertelsmann launched the new BMG in October 2008 with a small portfolio of recorded music rights of around 200 artists it retained from Sony BMG.[2][32] It announced it would pursue a business model focused on fairness, service and transparency.[3][33]

The launch of the new BMG came amidst the 2008 financial crisis within two weeks of the collapse of Lehman Brothers.[34][35] Since Bertelsmann could not supply the required funds on its own, a 51% stake was sold to financial investor Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (KKR) in 2009.[36][37][38] Bertelsmann retained 49% and the right to appoint the company's management.[39] The transaction allowed BMG to increase its equity ratio.[37]

International expansion

Initially, Bertelsmann had announced that the new BMG would focus on the European broadcast market. After KKR became the majority shareholder, the company set its sights on expanding internationally.[40][41] A key step towards achieving this goal was acquiring Cherry Lane Music Publishing in 2009, which provided BMG with its first foothold in the United States.[42][43][44][45] BMG made several other purchases in 2010, including Evergreen Copyright Acquisitions.[46][47]

In 2011, Bug Music was bought by BMG,[48] followed by music publisher R2M Music in 2012.[49] Bertelsmann was also reported to be interested in buying EMI,[50] but EMI was ultimately acquired by Universal Music Group and Warner Music Group (record labels) and Sony/ATV Music Publishing (songwriters).[51][52] The regulatory authorities approved the deal subject to some conditions, including the sale of several labels.[53] BMG was thus able to acquire Mute Records (2012) and Sanctuary Records (2013),[54] [55] as well as the publishing catalogues of EMI Virgin Music and Famous Music UK from Sony/ATV.[56]

Becoming a group division

In 2013, KKR sold its stake in BMG to Bertelsmann,[57] making it the sole shareholder of the company.[58] Under the leadership of Chief Executive Officer Thomas Rabe,[59][60] who had been a key driver of BMG's expansion during his time as Chief Financial Officer,[42] Bertelsmann named music as one of its strategic growth areas, again.[61]

In 2013, the company began to represent rights to songs by Robbie Williams and the Rolling Stones.[62][63] Record labels were also added to the portfolio including Union Square Music (distributor of Universal Music's ZTT Records and Stiff Records),[64] Vagrant Music and Infectious Music (2014),[65][66] as well as S-Curve Records[67] and Rise Records (2015).[68] Other acquisitions followed in 2016, including the label ARC Music and the catalog of The End Records.[69][70] By acquiring Basement, BMG entered the market in Brazil,[71] one of Bertelsmann's growth regions.[72][73] The company also signed an agreement with Warner Music's Alternative Distribution Alliance for the physical and digital distribution of music,[74] allowing BMG to consolidate its longstanding sales structures.[75] BMG further expanded by entering the Chinese market in cooperation with Alibaba, allowing the online company to distribute the work of musicians and composers via its web channels while securing copyrights.[76]

In the 2015 financial year, BMG was part of the Corporate Investments division at Bertelsmann.[77] In 2016, the media group turned the subsidiary into a stand-alone division.[7] Today, BMG is considered a prime example of how growth platforms are created and leveraged at Bertelsmann.[78][79]

Acquisition of BBR Music

In 2017, BMG announced the purchase of BBR Music Group,[80] including the labels Broken Bow Records, Red Bow Records, Stoney Creek Records, Wheelhouse Records and the music publisher Magic Mustang Music.[12] With a value of more than 100 million dollars, the transaction was the largest recorded music acquisition in the company's history.[81] BMG thus improved its position in the country music segment and ensured its long-term presence in the Nashville music industry and its overall impact on the United States market.[12]

Corporate structure
Quartier 205 in Berlin Mitte, where the headquarters of BMG are located (2018)

BMG's parent enterprise is BMG Rights Management GmbH, a limited liability company according to German law. The company's objective is "the marketing of music, as well as its development and delivery" for use in media, at concerts and for other purposes.[82] BMG has numerous subsidiaries and shareholdings, for example, BMG Rights Management (Europe) GmbH.[83] In addition to Germany, BMG is present in Australia, Brazil, China, France, Italy, Spain, the UK, the Benelux countries, the United States, Canada, and Scandinavia.[84]

BMG's senior management includes Hartwig Masuch (Chief Executive Officer),[85][86] Maximilian Dressendörfer (Chief Financial Officer),[1] Ama Walton (General Counsel and Chief Human Resources Officer) and Ben Katovsky (Chief Operating Officer).[87] Masuch has been a member of Bertelsmann's Group Management Committee since 2013.[88]

In the 2018 financial year, BMG posted revenues of €545 million. Rights and licenses accounted for 91.1% and products and merchandise 8,9%. Almost half of its revenues (44.1%) were generated in the United States. Other important markets were the United Kingdom (24.7%), Germany (6.3%) and France (3.9%).[89]

Business model

BMG offers musicians the services generally provided by music publishers and record labels.[2] Unlike its major competitors, it runs them under the same roof and on the same technology platform.[90][91][92] More recently, it has also added film, television, and books to its roster of services.[32][93]

Publishing

BMG publishing represents the rights of songwriters like Mick Jagger, Keith Richards, Kylie Minogue, Ringo Starr, Nena, Roger Waters, Alice Merton, Billy Idol, Cat Stevens, Poo Bear, Aphex Twin, Storm Gordon, Bebe Rexha, Bruno Mars, Iggy Pop, Bibi Bourelly, Jean Michel Jarre, Jess Glynne, David Bowie, Gary Numan, Death Cab for Cutie, Kings of Leon, Bring Me the Horizon, Blondie, George Ezra, Johnny Cash, Robbie Williams, Tame Impala and many more.[94]

In addition, BMG owns the publishing catalogues of Chrysalis Music, Virgin, Famous Music UK, R2M Music, Talpa Music, Union Square Music, Cherry Lane Music, Francis Dreyfus Music, Alberts, Adage IV, Bug Music, Hornall Brothers Music Ltd.and Primary Wave.[94]

Production Music

BMG has a significant library of production music (library music), for use in films, television, advertising, and other media. These catalogues include including MusicDirector (part of Talpa Music), Human Music, Music Beyond, X-Ray Dog, Beds & Beats, Valentino Production Music, Immediate Music,[95] AXS Music,[96] Altitude Music, and Must Save Jane.[97]

BMG also has output deals with several production studios, including The Asylum, Turner Broadcasting, Fremantle, Amblin Partners, ITV Studios, The Pokémon Company, and Netflix.

Recordings

BMG recording artists include 311, Dido, Kylie Minogue, Jason Aldean, A Perfect Circle, Lenny Kravitz, Max Giesinger, blink-182, Blondie, Fergie, Avril Lavigne, Good Charlotte, Cypress Hill, Roger Waters, Bryan Ferry, Richard Ashcroft, Fatboy Slim, Sugar Ray, Marianne Faithfull, The Kinks, Morrissey, Ry X, Nakhane, Adel Tawil, Scorpions, KitschKrieg, and The Prodigy.[98]

BMG owns the catalogues of several record labels, including Rise Records, Mute Records, Trojan Records, Vagrant Records, Union Square Music, Verse Music Group, Sanctuary Records, S-Curve Records, Skint Records, The Echo Label, Infectious, and the BBR Music Group.[98]

Labels

Awards
gollark: The best CC.
gollark: Yep!
gollark: We have AES-something, SHA1/SHA256, PBKDF2 or something derived from that, ChaCha20, and random elliptic curves.
gollark: If someone *wanted* to it would probably be practical to implement more standard crypto algorithms in CC.
gollark: It has nice features like O(1) string concatenation.

References
  1. "Musikverlag BMG". mediabiz.de (in German). Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  2. Ohler, Arndt (October 9, 2008). "Bertelsmann bietet Musikern neuen Service". Financial Times Deutschland (in German). p. 5.
  3. Hein, David (October 16, 2008). "Bertelsmann belebt BMG". Horizont (in German). p. 6.
  4. Spahr, Wolfgang (October 14, 2008). "Bertelsmann Unveils BMG Rights Management". billboard.com. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  5. "Bertelsmann ist die Musik wieder wichtig". Die Welt (in German). March 2, 2013. p. 13.
  6. Briegleb, Volker (March 1, 2013). "Bertelsmann holt die Musik zurück in den Konzern". heise.de (in German). Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  7. Renner, Kai-Hinrich (March 23, 2016). "Bertelsmann sortiert sich neu". Handelsblatt (in German). p. 24.
  8. "Kylie Minogue signs new record deal with BMG, new album expected this year". officialcharts.com. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  9. "Avril Lavigne signs recordings with BMG, announces new album". bmg.com. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
  10. Reilly, Dan (June 27, 2013). "Rolling Stones Sign Publishing Deal with BMG". rollingstone.com. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  11. "The company cited numerous artists". digitalmusicnews.com. September 29, 2019. Retrieved September 29, 2019.
  12. Bialek, Catrin (January 31, 2017). "Musikrechte: Bertelsmann goes Country". handelsblatt.com (in German). Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  13. "Bowie & Co. singen für BMG". Westfalen-Blatt (in German). November 27, 2010.
  14. Paine, Andre (September 12, 2017). "Chrissie Hynde Signs to BMG for Songwriting Catalogue". musicweek.com. Retrieved October 1, 2018.
  15. "Bertelsmann übernimmt BMG". Handelsblatt (in German). April 3, 2013. p. 19.
  16. Christman, Ed (June 28, 2016). "BMG Pacts With Roger Waters to Represent His Pink Floyd Catalog". billboard.com. Retrieved October 1, 2018.
  17. "BMG kauft Rechte an Musik von Cash und Iggy Pop". Handelsblatt (in German). September 13, 2011. p. 30.
  18. "BMG erwirbt Musikrechtekatalog". Börsen-Zeitung (in German). April 2, 2010. p. 12.
  19. "Lenny Kravitz Signs to BMG". musicconnection.com. April 17, 2018. Retrieved October 1, 2018.
  20. 175 Years of Bertelsmann: The Legacy for Our Future. Munich: C. Bertelsmann Verlag. 2010. p. 27. ISBN 978-3-641-05407-6.
  21. "Bertelsmann feiert: Heute wird der Medienkonzern 175 Jahre alt". Westfalen-Blatt (in German). July 1, 2010.
  22. "Superstar und Freund der Mohns". Neue Westfälische (in German). December 23, 2014. p. 3.
  23. Mohn, Reinhard (2008). "Von der Welt lernen: Erfolg durch Menschlichkeit und Freiheit" (in German). Munich: C. Bertelsmann Verlag. ISBN 978-3-570-01110-2.
  24. "Musikkonzerne auf Chancensuche". Tiroler Tageszeitung (in German). October 14, 2000.
  25. 175 Years of Bertelsmann: The Legacy for Our Future. Munich: C. Bertelsmann Verlag. 2010. p. 48. ISBN 978-3-641-05407-6.
  26. "Bertelsmann und Sony machen gemeinsam Musik". Der Tagesspiegel (in German). November 7, 2003. p. 21.
  27. "Elefantenhochzeit in der Musikbranche". Wiener Zeitung (in German). December 15, 2003. p. 14.
  28. "Musikverlag BMG geht an Vivendi". Wiener Zeitung (in German). September 7, 2006. p. 26.
  29. "Bertelsmann treibt Schuldenabbau voran". Handelsblatt (in German). December 28, 2006. p. 18.
  30. Strohmaier, Brenda (August 6, 2008). "Bertelsmann steigt bei Sony BMG aus". Die Welt (in German). p. 12.
  31. "Bertelsmann überlässt sein Musikgeschäft Sony". dw.com (in German). August 5, 2008. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  32. "Bertelsmann setzt auf Vermarktung von Rechten" (in German). Schweizerische Depeschenagentur. October 14, 2008.
  33. Krause, Martin (October 15, 2008). "Der Künstler ist König: Bertelsmann steigt mit neuer Firma wieder ins Musikgeschäft ein". Neue Westfälische (in German).
  34. Siebenhaar, Hans-Peter (November 12, 2008). "Konjunktur bremst Bertelsmann". Handelsblatt (in German). p. 16.
  35. Grabitz, Ileana (March 4, 2013). "Wie Bertelsmann wieder Musikriese werden will". Die Welt (in German). p. 14.
  36. "Bertelsmann: Duett mit Heuschrecke". Der Tagesspiegel (in German). July 9, 2009. p. 20.
  37. Knappmann, Lutz; Rungg, Andrea; Ohler, Arndt (July 9, 2009). "Bertelsmann paktiert mit Investor KKR". Financial Times Deutschland (in German). p. 8.
  38. Spahr, Wolfgang (August 15, 2009). "BMG Is Back: Buying Songs With KKR Cash". Billboard. p. 17.
  39. Nagl, Hans G. (July 9, 2009). "KKR greift Bertelsmann im Musikrechtegeschäft unter die Arme". Handelsblatt (in German). p. 12.
  40. Rungg, Andrea (January 22, 2010). "BMG sucht in großem Stil Musikrechte". Financial Times Deutschland (in German). p. 8.
  41. "Bertelsmann-Musiktochter auf großer Einkaufstour". Rheinische Post (in German). July 26, 2010.
  42. Siebenhaar, Hans-Peter (May 4, 2010). "Bei Bertelsmann spielt wieder die Musik". Handelsblatt (in German). p. 26.
  43. Knappmann, Lutz (March 29, 2010). "Bertelsmann übernimmt Rechte an Elvis-Songs". Financial Times Deutschland (in German). p. 7.
  44. Spahr, Wolfgang (December 14, 2009). "BMG Rights Management Enters U.S." billboard.com. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  45. Paine, Andre (March 26, 2010). "BMG Rights Management to Acquire Cherry Lane". billboard.com. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  46. "BMG Rights Venture Buys Music Publisher". wsj.com. September 21, 2010. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  47. "Bertelsmann holt sich Clapton und Cocker". Neue Westfälische (in German). September 21, 2010.
  48. "BMG Rights Management to Purchase Bug Music". billboard.com. September 12, 2011. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  49. "Bmg Acquires 2Pac, Neil Sedaka Hits with R2M Buyout". musicbusinessworldwide.com. March 1, 2012. Retrieved February 25, 2019.
  50. "Bertelsmann schielt auf EMI-Archiv". Börsen-Zeitung (in German). June 25, 2009. p. 10.
  51. Stahr, Volker S. (May 6, 2001). "Das stille Konzert der großen Fünf". Berliner Morgenpost (in German). p. 17.
  52. "Musikindustrie: Universal darf EMI übernehmen". sueddeutsche.de (in German). September 21, 2012. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  53. "EU-Kommission: Universal darf EMI unter Auflagen übernehmen". focus.de (in German). September 21, 2012. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  54. Christman, Ed (December 21, 2012). "BMG Acquires Mute Records Catalog". billboard.com. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  55. Chmielewski, Dawn C. (February 14, 2013). "Universal Music agrees to sell Sanctuary Records". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on February 15, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.
  56. Roxborough, Scott (December 21, 2012). "BMG Buys Virgin, Famous Music Catalog From Sony/ATV". hollywoodreporter.com. Retrieved February 25, 2019.
  57. Wiesmann, Gerrit (March 1, 2013). "Bertelsmann Takes Control of BMG". ft.com. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  58. Krause, Martin (March 2, 2013). "Bertelsmann dirigiert jetzt wieder: Finanzinvestor KKR verkauft 51-prozentige Beteiligung an der Musiktochter BMG". Neue Westfälische (in German).
  59. Könau, Steffen (March 2, 2013). "Das Imperium kehrt zurück". Mitteldeutsche Zeitung (in German).
  60. "Jahr der Umbauten". Neue Westfälische (in German). March 27, 2013.
  61. "Bertelsmann setzt wieder voll auf Musik". Die Welt (in German). March 1, 2013. p. 3.
  62. "Robbie Williams singt exklusiv für Bertelsmann-Tochter BMG". Westfalen-Blatt (in German). October 18, 2013.
  63. Siebenhaar, Hans-Peter (June 27, 2013). "Satisfaktion für Bertelsmann". Handelsblatt (in German). p. 21.
  64. Christman, Ed; Smirke, Richard (November 6, 2014). "BMG Purchases Union Square Music". billboard.com. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  65. Christman, Ed (November 17, 2014). "Vagrant Records Bought by BMG Chrysalis". billboard.com. Retrieved October 1, 2018.
  66. "Infectious Music Acquired by BMG in £6m Deal". musicbusinessworldwide.com. September 2, 2014. Retrieved October 1, 2018.
  67. "BMG Acquires New York Label S-Curve Records". musicbusinessworldwide.com. November 3, 2015. Retrieved February 25, 2019.
  68. "BMG Buys Metal Label Rise Records". billboard.com. May 18, 2015. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  69. "BMG Acquires Assets of New York Indie The End Records". musicbusinessworldwide.com. June 30, 2016. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  70. "BMG übernimmt Mehrheit am Chess-Verlag ARC Music". mediabiz.de (in German). January 19, 2016. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  71. "BMG Launches in Brazil and Acquires John Telfer's Basement". musicbusinessworldwide.com. May 31, 2016. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  72. "Bertelsmann sucht Chance in Brasilien". Westfalen-Blatt (in German). March 20, 2014.
  73. "Bertelsmann setzt auf Brasilien". Börsen-Zeitung (in German). March 21, 2014. p. 11.
  74. Christman, Ed (April 28, 2016). "Warner Music's Global Deal for BMG's Sets up Showdown with RED". billboard.com. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  75. Ingham, Tim (April 19, 2016). "Warner Signs BMG Deal for Exclusive Worldwide Distribution of Catalogue". musicbusinessworldwide.com. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  76. "BMG kooperiert mit Alibaba". dw.com (in German). March 30, 2015. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  77. "Annual Report 2015" (PDF). Bertelsmann. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  78. Hertlein, Bernhard (March 2, 2013). "Bertelsmann sichert sich die Stars". Westfalen-Blatt (in German).
  79. "Wachstumsplattformen: Großartige Chancen" (in German). Bertelsmann. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  80. Schneider, Marc; Christman, Ed (January 30, 2017). "BMG Acquires Nashville Indie BBR Music Group, Home of Broken Bow Records and Jason Aldean". billboard.com (in German). Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  81. "BMG Beats Majors to Acquire Jason Aldean Label Broken Bow". musicbusinessworldwide.com. January 30, 2017. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  82. "Unternehmensregister (Amtsgericht Charlottenburg, HRB 116072)" (in German). Bundesanzeiger Verlag. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  83. "Unternehmensregister (Amtsgericht Charlottenburg, HRB 143973)" (in German). Bundesanzeiger Verlag. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  84. "About BMG". Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  85. Busse, Caspar (March 14, 2016). "BMG-Chef Hartwig Masuch: Vom Taxifahrer zu Musikmanager". sueddeutsche.de (in German). Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  86. Bialek, Catrin (April 4, 2017). "BMG-Chef Hartwig Masuch: Die Gitarre immer griffbereit". handelsblatt.com (in German). Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  87. Spahr, Wolfgang (July 13, 2018). "BMG Promotes Ben Katovsky to COO, Ama Walton to Global General Counsel". billboard.com. Retrieved October 1, 2018.
  88. "Bertelsmann stockt Führungskreis auf". Börsen-Zeitung (in German). June 4, 2013. p. 16.
  89. "Annual Report 2018" (PDF). Bertelsmann. March 26, 2019. pp. 21, 130. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  90. "Bertelsmann startet neu im Musikrechte-Geschäft". Die Welt (in German). October 15, 2008. p. 15.
  91. "Bertelsmann will mehr Musikrechte". Neue Westfälische (in German). June 25, 2009.
  92. Blauth, Sabrina (2016). Digitalisierung in der Musikindustrie: Wirtschaftliche Probleme und die Suche nach alternativen Einnahmequellen (in German). Hamburg: Diplomica Verlag. p. 25. ISBN 978-3-95934-339-8.
  93. Gensler, Andy (April 4, 2017). "BMG Publishes First Book With "The Odessey: The Zombies in Words and Images"". billboard.com. Retrieved January 10, 2019.
  94. "Publishing". BMG. Retrieved January 10, 2019.
  95. Parisi, Paula. "BMG Production Music Expands With Acquisition of Movie Marketing Mainstay". Archived from the original on March 5, 2018. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  96. "BMG Production Music Beefs Up: Acquires AXS, Makes Two Key Hires". Archived from the original on March 23, 2018. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  97. "BMG Brings Together 400,000 Production Music Tracks Under One Brand". musicbusinessworldwide.com. February 6, 2017. Archived from the original on February 9, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2019.
  98. "Recording". BMG. Retrieved January 10, 2019.
  99. "BMG Gets Soul, Acquires Minder Music And Cavalcade Recordings". Hypebot. Retrieved April 26, 2019.
  100. "2016 ASCAP Pop Music Awards". American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers. Retrieved October 4, 2018.
  101. "2017 ASCAP Pop Music Awards". American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers. Retrieved October 4, 2018.
  102. "2018 ASCAP Pop Music Awards". American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers. Retrieved October 4, 2018.
  103. "Winners 2018". The Production Music Awards. Retrieved January 10, 2019.
  104. "The A&R Awards 2018: All the Winners". musicbusinessworldwide.com. November 7, 2018. Retrieved January 16, 2019.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.