Apple Remote

The Apple Remote is a remote control introduced in October 2005 by Apple Inc. for use with a number of its products with infrared capability. It was originally designed to control the Front Row media center program on the iMac G5 and is compatible with many subsequent Macintosh computers. The first three generations of Apple TV used the Apple Remote as their primary control mechanism. It has now been replaced with the Siri Remote in the fourth generation. Prior to the Apple Remote, Apple produced several nameless IR remotes for products such as the Macintosh TV, TV tuner expansion boards, and the PowerCD drive.[1][2][3]

This article is about the Apple IR remote control. For the iOS iTunes Wi-Fi app, see iTunes Remote. For the Mac OS remote desktop software, see Apple Remote Desktop.

Apple Remote
The second-generation Apple Remote, released in October 2009
DeveloperApple Inc.
TypeA remote used to control the Apple TV, iPods and iPhones (with dock), and Macs with infrared ports
Release dateOctober 12, 2005 (Original)
October 20, 2009 (Current)
SuccessorSiri Remote

Design
Original Apple Remote

The original Apple Remote was designed with six buttons and made of white plastic. Its shape and layout resembled the first-generation iPod Shuffle. A circular Play/Pause/Select button sat in the center of a larger four-button circle of (clockwise): Volume Up, Next/Fast-forward, Volume Down and Previous/Rewind. A separate Menu button was positioned below. The price was set at US$29.00.[4]

In October 2009, the remote was redesigned as a thinner and longer aluminum version. The new remote was released along with the 27 inch aluminum iMacs and multi-touch Magic Mouse. The Play/Pause button was moved out of the center of the directional buttons and put beside the Menu button (under the directional buttons). The symbols for the Volume Up/Down and Next/Fast-forward buttons were replaced with small dots, to make it clear that the buttons were also used to move up, down, left, and right within menus. Along with the new design, the price was dropped to US$19.99. In earlier aluminum remotes, the navigation ring was flush with the curvature of the remote's aluminum body. In the later revision, the ring is slightly raised to make it easier to locate the ring by touch.

Replacement of the CR2032 battery in the original remote is done with a small pointed object such as a paper clip at the bottom right edge of the device, where the battery slides out on a tray. The newer version has the battery located behind a compartment in the middle of the device which is accessed by turning a coin in the compartment door's indent.[5]

Functions

The Apple Remote's original function was to enable navigation in Front Row, which allows users to browse and play music, view videos (DVDs and downloaded files) and browse photos. Although Front Row was removed from OS X 10.7 and later, some Apple software still works with the remote. It can still be used to control presentations in Apple Keynote, slide shows in iPhoto and Aperture, DVD films via DVD Player, and to play video and audio in iTunes and QuickTime. Other software that is still compatible includes Elgato's EyeTV 3.5, and VLC media player. The remote can also be used to run presentations in Microsoft PowerPoint 2008 or in OpenOffice.org Impress.

Other functions controlled by the remote can include putting a device into sleep mode, selecting a partition to boot from on startup, and ejecting optical discs.[6] A device can be configured to respond only to a particular remote.[7]

iPods

An iPod placed in a dock featuring an IR sensor can be used with the remote for music and media control.[8] The iPod's menus cannot be operated with the remote. The Apple Remote can also be used to control the iPod Hi-Fi or third party devices tailored to it.[9]

Boot Camp

Starting with Boot Camp 1.2, the remote has some functionality when a user is running Windows. If iTunes is installed on the Windows partition, pressing the Menu button on the remote will start the program. The remote's media controls also support Windows Media Player, as well as system volume control.[10] Other third party programs may also utilize the remote's capabilities; media applications such a foobar2000 and Media Player Classic allow users to control their functions via the remote. Applications must be in focus for the remote to control them. Boot Camp 5, the latest version of the software, also includes drivers for the remote control.[11]

iOS App
Main article: iTunes Remote

Apple offers a free 'Remote' app for iOS devices (available in the Apple App Store) which allows for wireless control of iTunes on Mac/Windows computers or the Apple TV.

Fourth-Generation Apple TV and the Siri Remote
Main article: Siri Remote
First-generation Siri Remote on the Right

The Siri Remote was launched with the 4th Generation Apple TV in 2015. It uses both IR and Bluetooth to communicate with the Apple TV. The remote has a glass trackpad, dual microphones, 5 buttons for Menu, Home, Siri and Play/Pause, and a Volume up/down rocker button.[12] Additionally it has an accelerometer (IMU) and a gyroscope[13] which allows the remote to be used as a gaming controller for tvOS apps and games. The remote (unlike previous generations) uses a built-in rechargeable Lithium Polymer Battery that is charged through a lightning port at the bottom of the remote.[14] In regions where Siri is not supported, the Siri Remote is known as the Apple TV Remote.[15]

On September 12, 2017, together with the Apple TV 4K, Apple announced an updated second-generation Siri Remote, with a raised white border around the menu button and additional motion input for apps.

Compatibility
Macintosh compatibility (devices with suitable IR receivers)
ModelCompatibility
MacBookOriginal – Mid 2009 (Except White Unibody)
MacBook AirOriginal – Mid 2009
MacBook ProOriginal – Mid 2012 (Except Retina)[16]
iMac[17]G5 – September 2012
Mac miniEarly 2006 – Late 2014
Mac ProNone

Earlier models of the iMac with polycarbonate enclosures featured a magnetic rest for the remote,[18] which was later removed.

Use with new MacBook Airs, Retina MacBook Pros and older Macs

Using the Apple Remote with newer MacBook Air, Retina MacBook, or other Mac models without a built-in IR receiver requires a USB-based infrared receiver and additional software from a third party.

Using Remote Buddy (from IOSPIRIT GmbH) or mira (from Twisted Melon), it is possible to connect an external USB receiver such as the Windows Media Center Edition eHome receiver, and use the Apple Remote on these machines with full support for sleep, pairing, low-battery detection and controlling a variety of Apple and third party software. In addition, Remote Buddy is able to emulate events of an Apple Remote on these systems, enabling users to use software written for the Apple Remote in exactly the same way as with Macs that have a built-in infrared receiver.

Infrared interference

Because many electrical appliances use infrared remote (IR) controls, concurrent use of the Apple Remote with other IR remotes may scramble communications and generate interference, preventing stable use. Remotes should be used individually to circumvent the problem.[19]

Technical details
Apple Remote 2nd generation with lit infrared LED.

The Apple Remote uses a modified NEC IR protocol which consists of a differential PPM encoding on a 1:3 duty cycle 38 kHz 950 nm infrared carrier. There are 32 bits of encoded data between the AGC leader and the stop bit:[20]

Protocolon (µs)off (µs)total (µs)
leader9000450013500
0 bit5605601120
1 bit56016902250
stop560N/A560

While the Apple Remote uses the NEC IR protocol for the timing, the 32-bit data package is in a different format. It consists of two 16 bit LSB words.

BitsTypeComment
11VendorThis is always 0x43f and can be used to identify an Apple Remote
5Command Page0x0 for the pairing and other commands, 0xe for the different buttons
8Device IDA unique device ID, used to allow pairing of a remote to a specific device. It can be changed with the pairing command
7CommandActual command for the Command Page
1Odd parityAll 32 bits added together have to equal 1

This is the internal page table (command page 0x00):

ValueCommandDescription
0x01PairingMenu + Select for 5s (pair & increment the Device ID) or Menu + Next for 5s (just pair)
0x02Factory DefaultsMenu + Previous for 5s
0x03Low BatteryOld (white) Apple Remote
0x07Low BatteryNew Apple Remote

This is the command page table (command page 0x0e):

ValueButtonCommand
0x01MenuMenu
0x02Play/Pause, SelectPlay/Pause, Select (On the white model this is the combined Play/Pause and Select button; on the aluminum model, this code is sent by both the Play/Pause and Select buttons together with a prefix.)
0x03RightNext/Fast-Forward
0x04LeftPrevious/Rewind
0x05UpVolume Up
0x06DownVolume Down
0x07Play+UpPlay/Pause + Up pressed together
0x08Play+DownPlay/Pause + Down pressed together
0x09Play+NextPlay/Pause + Next pressed together
0x0aPlay+PreviousPlay/Pause + Previous pressed together
0x0bMenu+UpMenu + Up pressed together
0x0cMenu+DownMenu + Down pressed together
0x0dMenu+Play/PauseMenu + Play/Pause pressed together
0x0eMenu+NextMenu + Next pressed together
0x0fMenu+PreviousMenu + Previous pressed together
0x2eSelectSelect button prefix, on aluminum model only
0x2fPlay/PausePlay/Pause prefix, on aluminum model only

To maintain backward compatibility with older devices such as the iPod Hi-Fi, the aluminum Apple Remote does not replace the existing IR code for Play/Pause/Select. Instead, to allow newer devices to distinguish between the separate Select and Play/Pause buttons, it sends two IR codes for each press of those: a prefix code (0x2e and 0x2f, respectively), followed by the original Play/Pause code (0x02). Older devices ignore the prefix code and thus interpret either button as Play/Pause, while newer devices interpret both codes and use them to determine which button is being pressed.


gollark: Relatedly, since GPT-3 has apparently now entered the public consciousness due to, of all things, greentexts, I reserve the right to post all my ML memes here.
gollark: We really should replace the entire concept of networking with RFC 1149-compliant pigeons.
gollark: Ugh, network.
gollark: This is just GPT-3, seemingly? How is this novel?
gollark: This is just GPT-3, seemingly? How is this novel?

See also

References
  1. "VERY RARE - REMOTE for the Black Apple Computer Macintosh TV - RMC-A1 1993". eBay. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  2. "Apple Macintosh Performa TV Tuner Board 820-0549-A Power Mac Video Capture Card". eBay. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  3. "VINTAGE Apple RK6934/321 PowerCD CD Drive Player Remote Control w/ Batteries". eBay. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  4. Apple Computer Universal Dock and Apple Remote, October 21, 2005, retrieved January 31, 2014
  5. How to replace the Apple Remote battery, Apple Inc., June 6, 2008, retrieved June 21, 2010
  6. Startup Manager: How to select a startup volume, Apple Inc., March 23, 2009, retrieved June 21, 2010
  7. Pairing your Apple Remote with your computer, Apple Inc., November 24, 2009, retrieved June 21, 2010
  8. Pairing the Apple Remote with the iPod Universal Dock, Apple Inc., May 3, 2010, retrieved June 21, 2010
  9. Using the Apple Remote with iPod Hi-Fi, Apple Inc., April 14, 2008, retrieved June 21, 2010
  10. "Boot Camp Installation & Setup Guide" (PDF). Apple. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 29, 2012. Retrieved June 14, 2012.
  11. "Boot Camp 5: Frequently asked questions". Apple. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
  12. "Use your Siri Remote or Apple TV Remote with Apple TV (4th generation)". Apple Inc. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  13. "Siri Remote and Game Controllers - tvOS Human Interface Guidelines". Apple Inc. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  14. "Charge your Siri Remote or Apple TV Remote". Apple Inc. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  15. "Use Siri on your Apple TV (4th generation)". Apple Inc. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  16. https://itstillworks.com/remotes-compatible-macbook-40071.html
  17. "Remote Buddy Supported Hardware". IOspirit. Retrieved December 20, 2013.
  18. iMac (Mid 2007): No Remote rest for Apple Remote, Apple Inc., August 13, 2007, retrieved June 21, 2010
  19. Apple TV: IR interference can prevent your remote from working, Apple Inc., March 22, 2007, retrieved June 21, 2010
  20. Callendrello, Casey (October 11, 2008), Apple Remote library for Arduinio, caseyc.net, retrieved November 27, 2015
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