Annie Chambers Ketchum

Annie Chambers Ketchum (religious name, Sister Amabilis; November 8, 1824 - November 27, 1904) was an American educator, lecturer, and writer. She was a member of the New York Academy of Sciences and a Capitular Tertiary of St. Dominic. Chambers served as principal of the High School for Girls in Memphis, Tennessee, and opened a normal school for advanced pupils in Georgetown, Kentucky, and in Memphis, Tennessee, she established a girls school. Ketchum was the founding editor of The Lotus, a monthly magazine, and she published the textbook, Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis.

Annie Chambers Ketchum
Annie Chambers Bradford Ketchum
Sister Amabilis
BornAnnelizah Chambers
November 8, 1824
near Georgetown, Kentucky, U.S.
DiedNovember 27, 1904(1904-11-27) (aged 80)
New York City, U.S.
Occupationeducator, lecturer, writer, Capitular Tertiary of St. Dominic
LanguageEnglish
Subjectbotany, botanical illustration, education, literature, elocution, poetry
Notable worksBotany for Academies and Colleges: Consisting of Plant Development and Structure from Seaweed to Clematis
Spouse
William Bradford
(
m. 1844)
;
Leonidas Ketchum
(
m. 1858)
Children2 children

Noted for her poetic talent, her "Semper Fidelis," published in Harper's Magazine, was said to be one of the most finished productions of American literature in its day.[1]

Early life and education

Annelizah "Annie" Chambers was born near Georgetown on November 8, 1824,[2] in Scott County, Kentucky. Her siblings included Fielding Thomas, Fenora Thomas, Beline, Renette, and Le Wilma. [3] She was the youngest living daughter of Violetta Bradford and Major Benjamin Stuart Chambers, a lawyer.[4] Major Chambers was one of the twenty who made the "forlorn hope" at the Battle of the River Thames in 1813, one of the six who came out alive from that massacre.[5] Violetta was the eldest daughter of Judge Fielding Bradford of Kentucky who with his brother, John, founded the Kentucky Gazette,[6] at Lexington, Kentucky, in August, 1787, the first newspaper west of the Allegheny Mountains.[4]

In early childhood, while growing up at Acacia Grove (now called Cardome), she was often found poring over books which children usually count dull. Her educational advantages were of the very best.[4] In the classics, she was equally at home with belles-lettres, natural sciences, and mathematics. In modern languages, music and drawing she excelled.[5] She was tutored at home until she attended Georgetown Female College where she graduated with the M.A. degree.[2]

Early career

On December 22, 1844, after her father's death, she married her cousin, William Bradford,[7] also known as Joseph Woods Bradford. Only a few years later and after the birth of two children, according to one account, the husband died and she was left a widow.[8] In another account, she separated from him and was divorced.[2][lower-alpha 1]

She was appointed principal in 1855 of the High School for Girls in Memphis, Tennessee, where she partnered with the Young Men's High School to establish a co-educational class in elocution. She met Charlotte Cushman, a famous actress who gave her lessons in public speaking. During school vacations, she gave a series of popular lectures which then paid for the girls school's equipment for chemistry, physics and astronomy.[8] In 1858, she married Leonidas Ketchum of Memphis. From 1859 to 1861, she served as the founding editor of The Lotus, a monthly magazine.[2] It published a few numbers at Memphis, when the magazine was suspended on account of the American Civil War in 1861. It was rather above the average, and published some of the earliest verses of the Massachusetts writer, Nora Perry, who subsequently won a national reputation.[9]

Civil War years

When the American Civil War began, her husband enlisted in the Army of the C.S.A. and became an adjutant of the 38th Tennessee Infantry, which led the van at the Battle of Shiloh. There, he received the wound which resulted in his death in 1863. When Memphis fell to the Federal army, a British Legation visited the city and Sir Henry Percy Anderson met Ketchum, her poetry having become very popular in England. The British delegate asked her to improve up on the latest popular Civil War song, "The Bonnie Blue Flag," and she published the new verses under the title "The Gathering Song."[8][10] The Federal authorities then arrested Ketchum and required her to take the oath of allegiance. Upon her refusal, she and her children were banished from Memphis. She returned north to her native town, Georgetown, Kentucky, and there opened a normal school for advanced pupils.

Post-war career

After the Civil War, she returned to Memphis in 1866 to find her home destroyed. She established a girls school in which she was assisted by her daughter. In the summer of 1867, her son, who was on vacation from Sewanee where he was studying for the ministry, died of cholera.[8] Upon his death, she left Memphis for Europe, residing for several years in England and France. She documented her journeys while living abroad in a series of articles called "Gypsying" which she sold to U.S. magazines to pay her way.

Eventually, she converted and became a Roman Catholic. While in Paris, she became a novitiate in a Dominican convent on May 24, 1876.[2] Because she did not live in a cloister, she became a Capitular Tertiary of St. Dominic.[5] She wore traditional women's clothes but donned a Dominican habit on the Catholic Church's holy feast days and she was buried in it.[8] Her religious name was Sister Amabilis, which she used while she continued her intellectual life as a botanist.[11]

Botany for Academies and Colleges (1889)

Upon her return to the U.S., she fixed upon New York City as a place of residence, writing for journals and building up over 100 lectures on literature, science and art.[8] It was during this time that she published her novel with Lippincott, and her textbook Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis, which included illustrations she had made during her visits to European gardens. In Will Hale's 1903 summary of Southern periodicals, he described his great respect for her as a scientist and writer, describing her through the eyes of a woman of his acquaintance: "In 1887 a Philadelphia house brought out Mrs. Chambers-Ketchum's Botany for Academies and Colleges. During the preparation of that work, I had the honor of entertaining her as a guest in my home. A lady once gave this account of her: 'She has a handsome forehead; mouth large; large black eyes, beautiful more with brilliancy than softness. She is a brilliant talker. ... She is a glorious woman, and a poetess.'"[9]

Ketchum's writings were numerous and included "Nellie Bracken: a tale of forty years ago" (a novel published in 1855 by Lippincott), "Gypsying" (letters of travel), "Christmas Carillons: and other poems" (a volume of poems published by Appleton in 1888), as well as a large number of lectures on science, literature and art. She composed an entirely original work on botany, Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis, as a textbook for academies and colleges, containing in its three hundred duodecimo pages twice as much instruction as could be found in other text-books in use.[5]

Ketchum died in New York on November 27, 1904.[8]

Selected works
Nelly Bracken: A Tale of Forty Years Ago (1855)
Benny: a Christmas Ballad (1870)
  • Hines. A story of New Orleans.
  • Nelly Bracken, a tale of forty years ago., 1855
  • Benny : a christmas ballad., 1870
  • Lotos-flowers, gathered in sun and shadow, 1877
  • Christmas carillons, and other poems., 1888
  • Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis, 1889

Notes
  1. Genealogical Publishing Company states they divorced.[3]

References
  1. John P. Morton & Company 1892, p. 229.
  2. Townsend & Townsend 1913, p. 247.
  3. Genealogical Publishing Company 1981, p. 199-200.
  4. Collins 1882, p. 603.
  5. McBride 1897, p. 85.
  6. Alderman, Harris & Kent 1910, p. 238.
  7. Gaines 1890, p. 305.
  8. Whittle, Gilberta S. (31 January 1904). "The Bonnie Blue Flag: Death of Mrs. Ketchum Recalls Her Stirring Southern War Song". Richmond Times Dispatch. 1904 (16462). Library of Virginia. Virginia Chronicle. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
  9. The Olympian Magazine 1902, p. 258.
  10. Brock 1869, p. 147.
  11. See for example the reference to correspondence with Sister Amabilis in the biography of Tennessee botanist Dr. Augustin Gattinger.

Bibliography
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