Ankara Metro

The Ankara Metro (Turkish: Ankara Metrosu) is the rapid transit system serving Ankara, the capital of Turkey. At present, Ankara's rapid transit system consists of two metro lines – the Batıkent Metrosu (M1)and the new Keçiören Metrosu (M4) line opened in 2017, along with the light rail Ankaray line.[2] The Ankaray, the M1 and M4 lines, together transported 104.1 million passengers in 2014.[1] That corresponds to a ridership of approximately 289,155 per day. In February 2019 all the lines that used to run M1, M2 and M3 were merged to create one line, M1.[3]

Ankara Metro
A CRRC subway train on the M2 line of the Ankara Metro
Overview
Native nameAnkara Metrosu
LocaleAnkara, Turkey
Transit typeRapid transit
Number of lines5
Number of stations56
Daily ridership289,155 (average, 2014)
Annual ridershipAnkaray : 37.1 million (2014)[1]
Metro : 67.0 million (2014)[1]
Total: 104.1 million (2013)[1]
Websitehttp://www.ego.gov.tr
Operation
Began operation1996 / 1997
Operator(s)Electricity, Gas, Bus General Directorate (EGO)
Number of vehicles432 (108 Bombardier, 324 CSR)
33 (AnsaldoBreda)
Technical
System length64.36 km (39.99 mi)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification750 V DC Third rail
System map
Ankara rapid transit network (with extensions under construction)

The Kızılay to Atatürk Cultural Center link of M4 is not yet opened and remains under construction.[2] Also, an additional line (approx. 25 km long) between Kuyubaşı and Esenboğa International Airport is in the planning stages and would make up the next phase of expansion of the metro.

History

Ankaray
Main article: Ankaray

The Ankaray (from Turkish: Ankara ray, meaning Ankara rail), a light rail system (Turkish: Hafif Raylı,[4] which literally translates as "Light Rail", though the line does operate as more of a "light metro" line) was the first phase of the modern rapid transit network of the city. The Ankaray was constructed by a consortium headed by Siemens over a period of four years (1992–96). It opened on 20 August 1996. The line runs between AŞTİ (Turkish: Ankara Şehirlerarası Terminal İşletmesi – Ankara Intercity Bus Terminal) and Dikimevi, covering a distance of 8.53 kilometres (5.30 mi), of which 6.68 kilometres (4.15 mi) is through tunnels.[5] The line has 11 stations.[5]

Ankara Metro
Kızılay subway station

The Ankara Metro has been operating since 29 December 1997, with the opening of its first full metro line, M1, traveling between Kızılay, the city center, and Batıkent. The M2 line, operating from Kızılay, the city center, to Koru, opened 12 February 2014. The M3 line, which serves almost as an extension of the M1 line, operating from Batıkent to Törekent, opened a month later on 13 March 2014. For the first few years of operations on lines M2 and M3, both of them ran separately from the M1 line; since early 2019, the three lines are operated as one continuous service (M1) between Törekent and Koru.[6]

The M4 line, operating from Atatürk Cultural Center to Gazino, opened on 5 January 2017.

In 2019 Turisk defense firm ASELSAN began traction and control upgrades on the older Bombardier cars.[7]

Operations

Lines

The following table lists the five metro lines (including the Ankaray line) currently in service on the Ankara Metro:

Line Route Opened Length[8] Stations[8]
Ankaray Dikimevi ↔ AŞTİ 1996 8.53 km (5.30 mi) 11
M1 Kızılay ↔ Batıkent 1997 14.66 km (9.11 mi) 12
Kızılay ↔ Koru 2014 (as M2) 16.59 km (10.31 mi) 12
Batıkent ↔ Törekent 2014 (as M3) 15.36 km (9.54 mi) 12
M4 Atatürk Cultural Center ↔ Gazino 2017 9.22 km (5.73 mi) 9
TOTAL: 64.36 km (39.99 mi) 56

Current stations
Ankara Metro
Turkish State Railways
(TCDD)
Ankara Metro
Ankaray
(Light rail)
  
 OSB-Törekent
 GOP
 Fatih
 Harikalar Diyarı
 Devlet Mah.
 Eryaman 5
O-20 (Otoyol 20)
Eryaman 1-2
İstanbul Yolu
İstanbul Yolu
 Botanik
 Mesa
Batı Merkez
Batıkent
Ostim
Macunköy Depot
Macunköy
Gazino
Hastane
Dutluk
Demetevler
Kuyubaşı
Yenimahalle
Mecidiye
İvedik
Belediye
Istanbul Motorway
Meteoroloji
Ankara River
Akköprü
Samsun Motorway
Dışkapı
ASKİ
Atatürk Kültür Merkezi
to Kayseri & Sivas
Dikimevi
Ulus
Kurtuluş
 Kolej
Yenişehir
Sıhhiye
 Kızılay
 Demirtepe
Ankara Central Station
Maltepe
to Eskişehir & Istanbul
Tandoğan
Beşevler
Necatibey
Bahçelievler
Emek
Millî Kütüphane
AŞTİ
Intercity Bus Terminal
Konya Motorway
Söğütözü Depot
Söğütözü
 MTA
 ODTÜ
 Bilkent
Tarım Bakanlığı/
Danıştay
 Beytepe
 Ümitköy
 Çayyolu
 Koru

Ankaray (A1)
  • Dikimevi
  • Kurtuluş (transfer to: Başkentray (suburban rail))
  • Kolej
  • Kızılay (transfer to: M1, M2)
  • Demirtepe
  • Maltepe
  • Tandoğan
  • Beşevler
  • Bahçelievler
  • Emek
  • AŞTİ
  • Söğütözü (under construction - to open late 2018) (transfer to: M2)

Batıkent Metrosu (M1)

Koru Metrosu (M2)
  • Kızılay (transfer to: M1, Ankaray)
  • Necatibey
  • Milli Kütüphane
  • Söğütözü (transfer to: Ankaray)
  • Maden Teknik ve Arama
  • Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi
  • Bilkent
  • Tarım Bakanlığı/Danıştay
  • Beytepe
  • Ümitköy
  • Çayyolu
  • Koru

Törekent Metrosu (M3)
  • Batıkent (transfer to: M1)
  • Bati Merkez
  • Mesa
  • Botanik
  • Istanbul Yolu
  • Eryaman 1-2
  • Eryaman 5
  • Devlet Mah.
  • Harikalar Diyari
  • Fatih
  • GOP
  • OSB-Törekent

Keçiören Metrosu (M4)

Rolling stock

The track width on both subway lines is 1435 mm (normal gauge).

Vehicles of the Canadian type Hawker H6 run on the M1. The trains in Ankara are a modification of the almost identical H6 trains that are used on the Toronto subway. The vehicles were manufactured by Bombardier until the early 1990s. The structure is made of riveted stainless steel and has a gray color. There is an orange stripe around the windows. There are four entrances on each side of each car. In the three-car units, the first and third cars are railcars, the middle car has no separate drive.

The underground trains used on the Ankaray line were built by the Italian wagon manufacturer AnsaldoBreda in Naples in cooperation with Siemens. Only one of the three-car units has an engine (railcar), the other two cars are not driven (sidecar). The cars are white with orange applications around the windows.

The trains for the new subway lines under construction are being built by CRRC in China.

Network map

Rolling stock
The original H6-series variant metro train on the M1 line of the Ankara Metro

Ankaray

Ankaray vehicles on the Ankaray line are Siemens-Adtranz-Ansaldobreda, S.P.A. (AnsaldoBreda) M1, M2, and M3 trains, which have a top speed of 80 km/h (50 mph) (operational speed: 38 km/h (24 mph)),[5] and are equipped with regenerative braking.

The system is served by 11 trainsets.[5] Each trainset comprises 3 sets of 2 cars paired together. Each pair of cars is 29-metre (95 ft) long, with 60 seats, and can transport a maximum of 308 passengers;[5] thus each trainset is approximately 90-metre (300 ft) long and can transport 925 passengers per train. The current passenger volume capacity on the Ankaray line is 27,000 passengers per hour per direction (PPHPD).[5]

Ankara Metro

The original vehicles used on the M1 line are Bombardier Transportation-built modified versions of the sixth-generation H-series trains used on the Toronto subway. The Toronto trains on which they were based on were built in 1986 by the Urban Transportation Development Corporation (UTDC), a company later purchased by Bombardier. There are a total of 108 of these cars, which are usually configured as 18 six-car trainsets. The car's seats are made of rigid plastic, and are all arranged longitudinally. There are no forward- or rear-facing seats, and no seats at the front or rear of each car.

In 2012, a large order of 324 subway cars from CRRC Zhuzhou was placed to supplement the fleet on line M1 and for use on the newer M2, M3 and M4 lines.[9]

Future Service

Construction of the following metro lines are under construction or planned:

Line Route Length[8] Stations[8] Status
Ankaray AŞTİ ↔ Söğütözü 0.78 km (0.48 mi) 1 Under Construction
M4 Atatürk Cultural Center ↔ Kızılay 3.3 km (2.1 mi) 3 Under Construction
M5 Kuyubaşı ↔ Esenboğa International Airport 25 km (16 mi) 7 Planned
TOTAL: 29.08 km (18.07 mi) 11
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See also

References
  1. "RAYLI SİSTEM İŞLETMELERİ 2014 YILI TOPLAM YOLCU SAYILARI" [PASSENGER RAIL SYSTEM TOTAL NUMBER OF OPERATIONS FOR THE YEAR 2014] (PDF) (in Turkish). EGO General Directorate. Archived from the original (pdf) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-03-13 – via http://www.ego.gov.tr/tr/sayfa/61/istatistikler.
  2. Barrow, Keith. "Ankara opens metro Line M4". Retrieved 2017-01-05.
  3. http://urbanrail.net/as/tr/ankara/ankara.htm
  4. "Ankaray" (in Turkish). Ankaray LRT. Archived from the original on 2008-12-19. Retrieved 2014-05-24.
  5. "TEKNİK ÖZELLİKLER" [TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS] (in Turkish). Ankaray LRT. Archived from the original on 2016-03-14. Retrieved 2016-03-13.
  6. "Aktarmasız metro seferleri başladı" [Full metro services started]. Hürriyet. 16 February 2019. Archived from the original on 1 July 2019. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
  7. https://raillynews.com/2016/10/aselsan-modernizes-subway-vehicles-in-ego-inventory/
  8. "Ankara Raylı ve Kablolu Sistemler" [Ankara Raylı ve Kablolu Sistemler]. ego.gov.tr (in Turkish). EGO Genel Müdürlüğü. Retrieved 2017-12-31.
  9. Barrow, Keith. "Ankara opens metro Line M4". Retrieved 2017-12-11.
  • Ankara metro construction resumes soon in: February 2012
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