Angevin dialect

Angevin is the traditional langue d'oïl spoken in Anjou, a historic province in western France. It was also spoken in neighboring regions like the Pays Nantais (along with Gallo), Maine (along with Mayennois) and Touraine (along with Tourangeau).

Angevin
Native toFrance
RegionPays de la Loire (Anjou, Maine, Pays Nantais), Centre-Val de Loire (Touraine)
Native speakers
Unknown
Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3None (mis)
Glottologange1244[1]

It is closely related to other oïl dialects spoken in western France, especially Sarthois, Mayennois and Norman (south of ligne Joret) in what could be called Eastern Armorican (Angevin-Mayennois-Sarthois-South Norman).[2] Eastern Armorican, together with Gallo, forms the "zone armoricaine" of Langues d'oïl. As an oïl language or dialect it shares many common features with French in vocabulary, phonemes and daily expressions.

It is also similar to the Gallo language (although Gallo has a stronger Celtic linguistic substrate that comes from Breton and not only from ancient Gaulish language). Angevin influenced the origin and development of Gallo in the Marches of Neustria (especially in the Breton March) beginning in the 9th and 10th centuries.

Angevin was the old speech of the Angevins or House of Plantagenet. However, in spite of this prestigious dynasty, Angevin never developed a notable literature, partially because the region of Anjou was integrated into the royal domains of the King of France (from the House of Capet) at the beginning of the 13th century, where the literary language was Parisian based Francien.

Some words of Angevin origin were borrowed to English via Anglo-Norman at the Angevins domination of England.[3]

Today it is almost an extinct dialect or language but it is preserved in the Rimiaux, poems written in Angevin, and also in some daily expressions.[4][5][6]

Literature

The Rimiaux are some of the best expressions of Angevin literature. Several Rimiaux from Angevin poets and writers have been published.

Honoré de Balzac used some Angevin words and speech in his novel Eugénie Grandet.[7]

Bibliography
  • Paroles d'Oïl, DPLO, Mougon 1994, ISBN 2-905061-95-2
  • A.-J. Verrier et R. Onillon, Glossaire étymologique et historique des parlers et patois de l'Anjou, t. I et II, 1908, consulter en ligne (tome I), consulter en ligne (tome II)
  • Mots et expressions des Patois d'Anjou, Petit dictionnaire, Petit Pavé, 116 p. (ISBN 291158788X)
  • Augustin Jeanneau et Adolphe Durand, Le Parler populaire en Anjou, Choletais, 1982, 197 p.
  • Encyclopédie Bonneteau : Anjou, Maine-et-Loire, avril 2010, 320 p.
  • Honoré de Balzac, Eugénie Grandet, vol. 5, édition dite du Furne, 1843
  • Le petit Larousse (ISBN 2033012891)
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References
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Angevin". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. Encyclopédie Bonneteau: Anjou, Maine-et-Loire, April 2010, 320 p.
  3. A.-J. Verrier et R. Onillon, Glossaire étymologique et historique des parlers et patois de l'Anjou, t. I et II, 1908, consulter en ligne (tome I), consulter en ligne (tome II)
  4. Mots et expressions des Patois d'Anjou, Petit dictionnaire, Petit Pavé, 116 p. (ISBN 291158788X)
  5. Augustin Jeanneau et Adolphe Durand, Le Parler populaire en Anjou, Choletais, 1982, 197 p.
  6. A.-J. Verrier et R. Onillon, Glossaire étymologique et historique des parlers et patois de l'Anjou, t. I et II, 1908, consulter en ligne (tome I), consulter en ligne (tome II)
  7. Honoré de Balzac, Eugénie Grandet, vol. 5, édition dite du Furne, 1843
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