Kawemhakan

Kawemhakan, also known as Anapaikë, is a Wayana village in the Sipaliwini District of Suriname. The village lies on the banks of the Lawa River, which forms the border with French Guiana.

Kawemhakan

Anapaikë
Kawemhakan
Location in Suriname
Coordinates: 3°24′42″N 54°01′33″W
CountrySuriname
DistrictSipaliwini District
Resort (municipality)Tapanahony
Government
 • Head captainIpomadi Pelenapïn
 • CaptainDosu
Elevation
112 m (366 ft)
Population
 (2006)
 • Total82[1]

Name

The indigenous name of the village is Kawemhakan, which translates to "high riverbank" in the Wayana language. The village is also known by the name Anapaikë, which is the name of the late granman of the Wayana in Suriname, who died end july 2002. The Baptist missionaries called the village Lawa Station, and many Wayana still refer to the village as "Lawa".[2]

History
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1969 359—    
1991 157−3.69%
1993 169+3.75%
2006 82−5.41%
Source: Boven 2006, pp. 128-129 (1969–1993)
Heemskerk et al. 2007, p. 21 (2006)

Kawemhakan was founded in 1958, primarily by people who lived in the village of the local chief Janomalë, which was situated further upstream the Lawa River. It was common practice by Wayana to relocate to another village after the death of a chief, but Janomalë's death coincided with the arrival of Baptist missionaries to the area. Both the American missionaries and the Surinamese government wanted to concentrate the Wayana in a central location, as that would make their missionary and development efforts easier. At the instigation of the Baptist missionaries, Anapaikë was installed by the Surinamese government as the first granman of the Wayana.[3]

Kawemhakan soon flourished as the main Wayana village in Suriname. The Surinamese government built a modern prefabricated Bruynzeel house for Anapaikë, with amenities such as a toilet, a shower and a kitchen, which were considered very modern by the Wayana in the 1960s. An airstrip was built to provide transport to Paramaribo and a clinic was established to provide basic healthcare.[2]

Education

In the early 1970s, a primary school was built in Kawemhakan.[4] This school closed its doors at the start of the Surinamese Interior War, and was only temporarily reopened in the early 1990s as part of an international emergency aid package.[5] After the emergency aid expired, the teachers left Kawemhakan again, and children from Kawemhakan have been going to the French school in Talhuwen ever since.[6] Schoolchildren of Kawemhakan and Kumakahpan are transported to Talhuwen every school day by boat.[7]

Healthcare

Kawemhakan is home to a Medische Zending healthcare centre, which in 1968 took over the provision of basic healthcare services from the Baptist missionaries. The clinic was funded by Dutch NGO Simavi and Surinamese businesses.[8]

Geography

Kawemhakan lies about 4.5 km (2.8 mi) downstream the Lawa River from the villages of Kulumuli, Taluwen, Epoja and Alawataimë enï, and 6.5 km (4.0 mi) upstream the Lawa River from the village of Élahé, which both lie on the east bank of the river and hence are in French Guiana.

Transport

By air

Kawemhakan is served by Lawa Anapaike Airstrip, offering scheduled services to and from Paramaribo.

Communications

Since August 2016, a telecommunications and broadcasting tower is operational in Kawemhakan, offering ATSC broadcasts of STVS and ATV television networks, as well as GSM coverage on the Telesur network.[9]

Notes
  1. Heemskerk et al. 2007, p. 21.
  2. Boven 2006, p. 121.
  3. Boven 2006, p. 127.
  4. Boven 2006, p. 112.
  5. Boven 2006, p. 128, 204.
  6. Boven 2006, p. 209.
  7. Boven 2006, p. 233.
  8. Boven 2006, pp. 104-105.
  9. "Mobiel bellen en digitale televisie voor zuid-oost Suriname". Starnieuws.com. 24 September 2016. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
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References
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