Carangidae

The Carangidae are a family of ray-finned fish which includes the jacks, pompanos, jack mackerels, runners, and scads. It is the largest of the six families included within the order Carangiformes. Some authorities classify it as the only family within that order but molecular and anatomical studies indicate that there is a close relationship between this family and the five former Perciform families which make up the Carangiformes.[1]

Carangidae
Crevalle jack, Caranx hippos
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Carangiformes
Family: Carangidae
Rafinesque, 1815
Subfamilies

See text

They are marine fishes found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Most species are fast-swimming predatory fishes that hunt in the waters above reefs and in the open sea; some dig in the sea floor for invertebrates.[2]

The largest fish in the family, the greater amberjack, Seriola dumerili, grows up to 2 m in length; most fish in the family reach a maximum length of 25–100 cm.

The family contains many important commercial and game fish, notably the Pacific jack mackerel, Trachurus symmetricus, and the other jack mackerels in the genus Trachurus.[2]

Many genera have fairly extensive fossil records, particularly Caranx and Seriola, which extend into the early Paleogene (late Thanetian), and are known from whole and incomplete specimens, skeletal fragments, and otoliths. The several extinct genera include Archaeus, Pseudovomer, and Eastmanalepes.

Subfamilies and genera

The family Carangidae is subdivided into the following subfamilies and genera:[1][3]

Timeline of genera
QuaternaryNeogenePaleogeneHolocenePleist.MioceneOligoceneEocenePaleoceneSelar (fish)ScomberoidesDecapterusAlepesAlectisOligoplitesSeriolaCaranxQuaternaryNeogenePaleogeneHolocenePleist.MioceneOligoceneEocenePaleocene
  • African pompano, Alectis ciliaris
  • Island trevally, Carangoides orthogrammus
  • Giant trevally, Caranx ignobilis, the largest species in the genus
  • Indian scad, Decapterus russelli
  • Golden trevally, Gnathanodon speciosus
  • Golden trevally
  • Pilotfish, Naucrates ductor
  • Lookdown, Selene vomer
  • Greater amberjack, Seriola dumerili
  • Japanese jack mackerel, Trachurus japonicus
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References
  1. J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 380–387. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  2. Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Carangidae" in FishBase. Augustyear=2019 2006 version.
  3. Eschmeyer, W. N.; R. Fricke & R. van der Laan (eds.). "Carangidae genera". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  4. Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230.
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