Alexander Georgievich, 7th Duke of Leuchtenberg

Alexander Georgievich, 7th Duke of Leuchtenberg, also known as Prince Alexander Georgievich Romanovsky or less commonly Alexander de Beauharnais (13 November 1881 – 26 September 1942) was the only son of George Maximilianovich, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg by his first wife Duchess Therese of Oldenburg.[1][2] He was a descendant of Paul I of Russia from both of his parents.

Alexander Georgievich
Duke of Leuchtenberg
A photograph of Alexander Georgievich, 7th Duke of Leuchtenberg in his youth.
Born(1881-11-13)13 November 1881
St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Died26 September 1942(1942-09-26) (aged 60)
Salies-de-Béarn, France
Burial
Salies-de-Béarn, France
SpouseNadezhda Caralli
HouseBeauharnais
FatherGeorge Maximilianovich, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg
MotherDuchess Therese Petrovna of Oldenburg

Family and early life

Alexander Georgievich ("Sandro") was born on 13 November 1881, as the only surviving child of George Maximilianovich, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg by his first wife Duchess Therese Petrovna of Oldenburg.[1][2] Like his father[nb 1], Alexander was styled His Imperial Highness from birth.[2] His mother died on 19 April 1883, leaving a widower and young son. His father would not remarry for six years, until he caught Princess Anastasia of Montenegro's eye at her sister Milica's wedding. They soon married and produced two children, Sergei and Elena.

Military career

Alexander served as a sub-Lieutenant of the Hussars of the guard, and as an aide-de-camp to the Russian emperor.[3] Later he became attached to the Fourth Battalion of the Chasseurs of the Guard of the Imperial Family.[3]

Marriage

In 1909, Alexander featured in many newspapers after rumors spread that he would enter into a morganatic marriage with American Marjorie Gould, a daughter of wealthy railroad executive George Jay Gould I.[3][4][5] They reported Alexander met Marjorie the previous summer in Paris, and that his father later approached George Gould and asked for his daughter's hand for his son.[3] One stated Alexander's father "would not sanction a marriage merely for love, and would insist that the Prince's bride must bring with her a fortune suitable to the rank of an Imperial Princess".[5] George Gould and others put down these rumors vehemently, stating there the two were mere friends and there was no engagement.[3]

In 1912, Alexander was reported to have gained the reluctant consent of Emperor Nicholas to marry the wealthy Marianne Friedländer-Fuld, but only on the condition that the union would be considered unequal, with none of his titles being passed onto his wife or possible children.[6] Despite being the senior descendant of Eugène de Beauharnais (son of Empress Joséphine), Alexander was far from rich, and served as a captain of the Russian Hussars of the guard and as an aide-de-camp to the Emperor.[6] He was however the principal heir to his grandfather.[6]

Alexander later morganatically married to Nadezhda (or Nadejda) Nicolaevna Caralli on 22 January 1917 in Petrograd.[2]

Russian revolution
See also: Russian Revolution

As he was closely related to the Russian royal family, Alexander made several attempts to save Tsar Nicholas II and his family. Several days after Nicholas' abdication on 15 March 1917, Alexander visited Muriel Buchanan[nb 2], the daughter of Sir George Buchanan, British ambassador to the Russian court, with the hopes of gaining her father's help.[7] She noticed that the duke seem distracted and somehow different, "then I realized suddenly that he had discarded all his decorations, and no longer wore the golden aiguilettes. Russia had no Emperor now, I remembered".[8] Alexander said he had come to urge her father, Sir George, to take swift action and get the tsar and his family out of Russia.[7] He continued that the family was in "the gravest danger", and that if they did not leave soon, it would be too late to get them away and save them from possible disaster.[7] Muriel subsequently called her father over, where he and Alexander discussed the situation; Sir George agreed to do all he could, but stated he had already sent several messages to London warning of the dangers.[7]

In 1918, the year the family was murdered, Alexander traveled to Berlin and tried to get the help of Wilhelm II, German Emperor, who was a cousin of Nicholas'; in this attempt, the duke tried to persuade Nicholas to agree to a plan based on German help.[9] Alexander was in favor of spiriting the family away to Berlin, but Nicholas refused, causing rumors that Wilhelm's government was considering "kidnapping the Tsar and his family and bringing them to Germany".[10][11] Empress Alexandra insisted she "would rather die in Russia than be rescued by the Germans".[11] In the end, nothing came of these plans, as monarchist groups could not decide whether to restore Nicholas or his son Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich.[9]

Near the end of 1917, while lodging with Prince Felix Yusupov[nb 3], Alexander was arrested by Bolshevik authorities, along with four or five prominent members of the monarchical party.[12] In 1919, a Bolshevik wireless message sent to The Washington Post asserted that after a meeting of Russian monarchists in Siberia, Alexander was offered and accepted the Russian throne,[13] though no further reports confirmed this.

Death

Alexander died in exile on 26 September 1942 in Salies-de-Béarn, France.[1] He was succeeded as Duke of Leuchtenberg by his younger half-brother Prince Sergei.

Honours and arms
Coat of Arms of the Dukes of Leuchtenberg

Russian[14]

  • Knight of St. Andrew, 1881[6]
  • Knight of St. Alexander Nevsky, 18 November 1901
  • Knight of the White Eagle 18 November 1901
  • Knight of St. Anna, 1st Class, 18 November 1901
  • Knight of St. Stanislaus, 1st Class 18 November 1901
  • Knight of St. Vladimir, 4th Class with Sword and Bow, 9 January 1915
  • St. George Sword, 15 November 1915

Foreign[14]

Ancestry

Notes
  1. George's father Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg had married into the Russian imperial family (with marriage to Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia) and adopted Russian titles and coats of arms.[3]
  2. Alexander had known Muriel previously, as they had nearly embarked on a romantic relationship (Clark, p. 4).
  3. Yusopov was the killer of Grigori Rasputin.
gollark: Somewhat? There doesn't seem to be a better way to do it.
gollark: Hold on, I worked on a tiny bit of Go code, I'll dredge some up as a sample.
gollark: It does not avoid those. You just reimplement them oddly.
gollark: Explicit doesn't mean very good.
gollark: I would assume the issue isn't goroutines breaking the debugger as much as difficulty reasoning about concurrent programs in many cases.

References
  1. Lundy, Darryl. "The Peerage: Alexander Herzog von Leuchtenburg". Retrieved 23 October 2010.
  2. "Prince Alexander Georgievich Romanovsky". Website of Nicholas Romanov, Prince of Russia. Archived from the original on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
  3. "Prince Seeks Hand of Marjorie Gould", The New York Times, Paris, 26 October 1909
  4. "Prince Alexander and Miss Gould", The Washington Post, 13 October 1909
  5. "Goulds and Prince to meet again soon", The New York Times, Paris, 27 October 1909
  6. "Kinsman Of Czar To Wed Heiress", The Washington Post, 6 October 1912
  7. Clark, p. 26.
  8. Quoted in Clark, p. 26.
  9. Clark, William (1994). The Lost Fortune of the Tsars. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 92.
  10. Quoted in Clark, p. 92.
  11. Rappaport, Helen (2008). The Last Days of the Romanovs: Tragedy at Ekaterinburg. New York: St. Martin's Press.
  12. "Russian Dukes Arrested", The Washington Post, 26 December 1917
  13. Associated Press (14 August 1919), "Duke of Romanowsky Accepts Monarchists' Proffer of Throne", The Washington Post
  14. Russian Imperial Army - Duke of Leuchtenberg, Prince Romanovsky, Alexander Georgievich (In Russian)
Alexander Georgievich, 7th Duke of Leuchtenberg
House of Beauharnais
Born: 13 November 1881 Died: 26 September 1942
German nobility
Preceded by
George Maximilianovich		 Duke of Leuchtenberg
16 May 1912 – 26 September 1942		 Succeeded by
Sergei Georgievich
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