Alan McManus

Alan McManus (born 21 January 1971) is a Scottish professional snooker player and commentator. A mainstay of the world's top sixteen during the 1990s and 2000s, he has won two ranking events, the 1994 Dubai Classic and the 1996 Thailand Open, and competed in the World Championship semi-finals in 1992, 1993 and 2016. He also won the 1994 Masters, ending Stephen Hendry's five-year, 23-match unbeaten streak at the tournament with a 9–8 victory in the final.

This article is about the snooker player. For the professional footballer, see Allan McManus.

Alan McManus
Born (1971-01-21) 21 January 1971
Glasgow, Scotland
Sport country Scotland
NicknameAngles
Professional1990–
Highest ranking6 (4 years)
Current ranking 48 (as of 17 August 2020)
Career winnings£2,605,773
Highest break143:
1994 World Championship
Century breaks227
Tournament wins
Ranking2
Non-ranking2

Career

Top 16 career and Masters winner

McManus has long been considered a consistently good player, having a record of fourteen consecutive seasons in the Top 16, but never managed to achieve the success of his contemporaries Stephen Hendry, Ken Doherty, Ronnie O'Sullivan, John Higgins, Mark Williams, Matthew Stevens and Paul Hunter. He was ranked in the Top 16 from 1990 to 2006, dropping out after an unsuccessful 2005/2006 season. His highest ranking was sixth (in 1993/94 and 1996/97). McManus has reached twenty-one professional semi-finals, but won only four events. He has reached the semi-finals of the World Championship three times, but has never appeared in a final. Until 2005, he had gone eleven years without reaching the quarter-finals of the tournament, despite consistent achievements in other events.

McManus's resilience in snooker matchplay is shown by the fact that the first whitewash of his professional career came in his 0–5 defeat by Peter Ebdon at the 1998 Grand Prix, his 312th match as a professional player.[1]

At the 1994 Masters, McManus defeated Nigel Bond by 5–2 in the first round, Ken Doherty 5–1 in the quarter-finals, and then Neal Foulds 6–4 in the semi-final to set up his first triple crown tournament final against defending champion and fellow Scot Stephen Hendry. In what would become the highlight of his career to date, he claimed the Masters title at Wembley defeating Stephen Hendry 9–8 in the final and thus ending Hendry's unbeaten run in the tournament, which dated back to 1989.[2] He would also win the tournaments' highest break prize, £10,000 for a 132 total clearance in the sixth frame of his first-round match against Nigel Bond.[3][4]

His last major final was at the 2002 LG Cup at the Preston Guild Hall where he lost 5–9 to fellow-countryman Chris Small. A series of poor results in the 2005/2006 season saw him drop out of the top 16 for the first time since 1991. He reached the semi-finals of the 2006 Snooker Grand Prix, losing to Neil Robertson.

Dropping out of the top 16

He lost a World Championship qualifier 9–10 to journeyman Joe Delaney in 2007. This loss began an extremely quiet six-to-seven-year period for McManus, who then failed to qualify for any UK or World Championships between 2007 and 2013, and also struggled to qualify for the other ranking events (during the period between the 2006 Grand Prix and the 2013 Welsh Open, he failed to qualify for the main stages of 42 ranking events). This loss of form saw him quickly drop out of the top 16, then out of the top 32. His poor form reached a trough in the 2009/2010 season, where he failed to qualify for any of the main stages of the tournaments he took part in.

McManus was unable to qualify for any of the major venues during the 2011–12 season and he finished it ranked as number 52 in the world.

Resurgence
2012 Paul Hunter Classic

He made a good start to the 2012–13 season, beating Tony Drago and Robert Milkins to qualify for the final stages of the Australian Goldfields Open in Bendigo; there he beat local wildcard James Mifsud 5–0, before exiting the tournament by the same scoreline against Ding Junhui.[5] At the 2013 Welsh Open, McManus reached his first quarter-final since the 2006 Grand Prix, with a 4–2 win over the number 16 seed Barry Hawkins, followed by a dramatic comeback to beat Joe Perry 4–3, after having trailed 0–3.[6] He was beaten in the quarter-final 3–5 by compatriot Stephen Maguire.[7] The following tournament, the Haikou World Open, saw McManus win three matches in qualifying to reach the latter stages of the tournament; he then beat local wildcard Lin Shuai 5–3, before facing compatriot John Higgins. McManus put in a good performance; he ultimately lost 3–5, but picked up valuable ranking points in the process.

He made a good start to the Players Tour Championship, reaching the quarter-finals of the first event, losing to Andrew Higginson by 4 frames to 3. He carried this good form to the PTC event 2, once again reaching the quarter-finals before losing 1–4 to eventual runner-up Stephen Maguire. However, McManus only managed four last-32 results from the rest of the events. This led to him being ranked 31st in the Order of Merit, just missing out on the top 28 players that qualified for the finals. At the 2013 World Snooker Championship McManus, in qualifying, beat one of India's rising stars Aditya Mehta 10–9, in an epic encounter that lasted just over 9 hours.[8] He then defeated 1995 World finalist Nigel Bond 10–8 in the penultimate qualifying round. In the final qualifying round he led Tom Ford 5–4 after the first session; he then reeled off five of the next six frames to book his place at the Crucible Theatre for the first time since 2006. In the first round he lost to Ding Junhui 5–10, winning £12,000.

2013/2014 season
2013 German Masters

At the start of the 2013–14 season McManus was ranked 49th in the World Rankings. At the 2013 Wuxi Classic qualifiers he won his match against Darryl Hill 5–3 to qualify for the last 64 of the event held in Wuxi. At the venue he defeated Ken Doherty 5–3 before losing to Dave Gilbert 2–5. At the first Asian Tour event, he bested players such as Michael White before beating local favorite Ding Junhui 4–2 in the last 16. He then defeated Yu Delu 4–1 in the quarter-finals, reaching his first semi-final in nine years. In the semi-final he lost to eventual winner Joe Perry 2–4, despite having been 2–1 up.

McManus qualified for the inaugural Indian Open, beating amateur Sydney Wilson 4–1 in qualifying. He was then beaten 1–4 in the last 64 by Zhang Anda. McManus followed up this result by qualifying for the International Championship in beating Darren Cook 6–0. He then defeated local wildcard Zhou Yuelong 6–5, coming back from 2–4 down. In the last 64 he produced the shock of the tournament by beating defending champion Judd Trump 6–5, having been 3–4 down.[9] However he was defeated 4–6 by Ryan Day in the following round. At the 2013 UK Championship, McManus defeated Joel Walker 6–5, winning the match on a respotted black, before losing to Michael Holt 4–6 in the last 64. McManus reached the last 16 of the German Masters, defeating Jak Jones 5–1 in qualifying. At the Tempodrom he defeated Peter Ebdon and Jack Lisowski, both by 5–2 scorelines, before being himself beaten 2–5 by Michael Holt.

McManus continued his good form into the final European Tour event of the season, where he reached the last 16 by defeating players such as Neil Robertson and Graeme Dott before losing to Fergal O'Brien. Despite also reaching the last 16 of the final Asian Tour Event of the season, McManus narrowly missed out on qualification for the Players Championship Grand Final by one place. He lost to Mark King in the second round of the Welsh Open and failed to qualify for the China Open, but was to finish the season strongly. He reached the quarter-final of the World Open, losing to Mark Selby.

The 2014 World Snooker Championship, saw McManus beat John Higgins 10–7 in the first round and then defeat Ken Doherty 13–8, to set up another quarter-final with Mark Selby. McManus performed well early on, but Selby ran away with the match in the second session to leave the Scot trailing 4–12. McManus was able to claw back the first frame of the final session but Selby won the next frame to clinch the match 13–5.

2014/2015 season
2014 German Masters

McManus continued his good form into the 2014–15 season by reaching the last 16 of the first ranking event of the season, the 2014 Wuxi Classic, where he was beaten 2–5 by Barry Hawkins. He then reached the last 16 of the Australian Goldfields Open, before losing 3–5 to Judd Trump.[10] McManus reached the quarter-finals of the Shanghai Masters by beating Jamie Jones to qualify, before defeating Ronnie O'Sullivan 5–3 and Stephen Maguire 5–1 but then lost to the eventual winner of the tournament Stuart Bingham 1–5.[11][12] McManus was able to keep up his 100% record in qualifying matches for the season by comfortably defeating Michael Georgiou to qualify for the International Championship, but was edged out by Anthony McGill in the last 64 of the tournament.

McManus would lose in the first round of the UK Championship to Joel Walker.[10] He won his first qualifier for the 2015 German Masters against Zak Surety but was then defeated in the final qualifying round by Matthew Selt. McManus had a good run in the Welsh Open, reaching the last 16 before losing to Maguire. He performed well in the season's European Tour Events, finishing 18th on the Order of Merit. He played in four of the six events, reaching one quarter-final with a further three last 16 appearances.[13] This gave him entry into the Grand Final where he was defeated 1–4 by Bingham in the first round.[10] McManus won all three of his World Championship qualifying matches, defeating Michael Wasley, Andrew Pagett and Mitchell Mann to reach the main draw at the Crucible. However, an inconsistent performance against Ali Carter saw McManus bow out 5–10 in the first round.[14]

2015/2016 season

McManus started strongly in the 2015–16 season, reaching the quarter-finals of the first event, the Riga Open, with wins over Stephen Maguire,[15] Judd Trump and others before losing to the eventual champion Barry Hawkins 2–4.[16] As McManus did not enter the Australian Goldfields Open, his first ranking event of the season came at the Shanghai Masters. He defeated Rory McLeod 5–4 to qualify for the tournament, and then defeated wildcard Yao Pengcheng 5–2, before losing 1–5 to Ding Junhui.[17][18]

After an early exit in the Paul Hunter Classic, McManus reached the quarter-finals of the Ruhr Open, losing 3–4 to Tian Pengfei.[19] It was during his first-round match in this tournament that he and his opponent Barry Pinches broke the record for the longest official frame of snooker.[20] The frame lasted for 100 minutes and 24 seconds, with Pinches eventually winning the frame, although McManus would go on to win the match. The record stood until April 2017.

McManus qualified for the 2016 World Championship with comfortable victories over Michael Wasley, David Morris and Jimmy Robertson. In the first round at the Crucible he defeated his fellow-countryman Stephen Maguire 10–7, before overcoming Ali Carter 13–11 in round two. His quarter-final saw him come from 9–11 down against John Higgins to take the final four frames and win 13–11, setting up his first semi-final appearance at the World Championship since 1993. In that semi-final he lost to Ding Junhui 11–17.[21] His end-of-season ranking of 20 was the highest he had been in a decade.[22]

2016/2017 season

In the 2016–17 season the furthest McManus could progress in an event was at the World Open, where he beat Jamie Cope and Liang Wenbo, but he was thrashed 0–5 by Thepchaiya Un-Nooh.[23] He would also reach the third round in the 2016 Paul Hunter Classic, defeating Andy Hicks and Christopher Keogan, both 4–1, before coming up short against Tom Ford.

2017/2018 season

McManus started the 2017–18 season at number 32 in the world rankings; and would reach the third round of both the 2017 China Championship and 2017 Paul Hunter Classic. He would also reach the second round of the 2017 UK Championship with a 6–3 win over Robin Hull; before losing a final frame decider to Jimmy Robertson 5–6.[24]

Performance and rankings timeline
Tournament 1990/
91		 1991/
92		 1992/
93		 1993/
94		 1994/
95		 1995/
96		 1996/
97		 1997/
98		 1998/
99		 1999/
00		 2000/
01		 2001/
02		 2002/
03		 2003/
04		 2004/
05		 2005/
06		 2006/
07		 2007/
08		 2008/
09		 2009/
10		 2010/
11		 2011/
12		 2012/
13		 2013/
14		 2014/
15		 2015/
16		 2016/
17		 2017/
18		 2018/
19		 2019/
20
Ranking[25][nb 1] [nb 2] 41 13 6 6 6 6 10 8 8 8 12 15 10 10 12 19 38 37 41 46 51 52 49 29 23 20 29 64 51
Ranking tournaments
Riga Masters[nb 3] Tournament Not Held MR LQ 1R LQ 2R
International Championship Tournament Not Held LQ 2R 1R LQ LQ 1R 1R 1R
China Championship Tournament Not Held NR 3R LQ LQ
English Open Tournament Not Held 2R 1R 3R 2R
World Open[nb 4] 1R SF SF 3R 3R SF 1R 3R 3R 2R 3R 3R F 2R 2R 1R SF LQ LQ LQ 2R LQ 1R QF Not Held 3R LQ LQ 1R
Northern Ireland Open Tournament Not Held 2R 1R 2R 1R
UK Championship SF LQ SF 1R 1R 1R SF QF 1R 1R 2R 3R 3R 3R 3R 2R 3R LQ LQ LQ LQ LQ LQ 2R 1R 2R 2R 2R 3R 3R
Scottish Open[nb 5] Not Held QF SF QF 1R QF 1R QF 2R QF 2R QF 3R Tournament Not Held MR Not Held 1R 2R 2R 2R
European Masters[nb 6] LQ 1R 1R QF 2R 1R QF NH F Not Held 2R 1R 1R QF 2R LQ NR Tournament Not Held LQ 2R 2R LQ
German Masters[nb 7] Tournament Not Held SF 1R 1R NR Tournament Not Held LQ LQ LQ 3R LQ 1R LQ 1R LQ LQ
World Grand Prix Tournament Not Held NR DNQ DNQ DNQ DNQ DNQ
Welsh Open NH 2R F F 2R 2R 1R QF 3R 1R QF 1R 2R QF 2R 2R 2R 2R LQ LQ LQ LQ QF 2R 4R 3R 1R 1R 1R 1R
Shoot-Out NR Tournament Not Held Non-Ranking Event 1R 1R 3R 1R
Players Championship[nb 8] Tournament Not Held DNQ DNQ DNQ DNQ 1R 1R DNQ DNQ DNQ DNQ
Gibraltar Open Tournament Not Held MR A A A A
Tour Championship Tournament Not Held DNQ DNQ
World Championship 2R SF SF 2R 2R 2R 2R 2R 2R 2R 1R 1R 2R 2R QF 1R LQ LQ LQ LQ LQ LQ 1R QF 1R SF LQ LQ LQ 1R
Non-ranking tournaments
The Masters 1R LQ SF W QF SF 1R 1R SF 1R 1R SF 1R 1R 1R SF A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
World Seniors Championship NH A Tournament Not Held A VF A A LQ A A A A A
Former ranking tournaments
Classic 3R QF Tournament Not Held
Strachan Open[nb 9] NH 1R MR NR Tournament Not Held
Dubai Classic[nb 10] 1R LQ SF SF W 2R SF Tournament Not Held
Malta Grand Prix Tournament Not Held Non-Ranking Event 2R NR Tournament Not Held
Thailand Masters[nb 11] LQ F 3R SF 2R W 1R QF F 1R 1R 2R NR Not Held NR Tournament Not Held
British Open 1R 1R 2R QF 2R 3R QF 2R 2R QF SF QF QF 2R 2R Tournament Not Held
Irish Masters Non-Ranking Event 1R 1R 2R NH NR Tournament Not Held
Northern Ireland Trophy Tournament Not Held NR 1R 1R 3R Tournament Not Held
Bahrain Championship Tournament Not Held LQ Tournament Not Held
Wuxi Classic[nb 12] Tournament Not Held Non-Ranking Event LQ 2R 3R Tournament Not Held
Australian Goldfields Open[nb 13] Tournament Not Held NR Tournament Not Held LQ 1R LQ 2R A Not Held
Shanghai Masters Tournament Not Held LQ LQ LQ LQ LQ LQ LQ QF 1R LQ 2R Non-Rank.
Paul Hunter Classic[nb 14] Tournament Not Held Pro-am Event Minor-Ranking Event 3R 3R A NR
Indian Open Tournament Not Held 1R 1R NH A 1R LQ NH
China Open[nb 15] Tournament Not Held NR SF LQ QF 1R Not Held SF 1R LQ LQ LQ LQ LQ LQ LQ LQ 1R 1R 1R LQ QF NH
Former non-ranking tournaments
World Masters 1R Tournament Not Held
Benson & Hedges Championship W QF MR A A A A A A A A A A A NH A A A A A Tournament Not Held
Pot Black A A QF A Tournament Not Held A A A Tournament Not Held
World Matchplay A A SF Tournament Not Held
Nescafe Extra Challenge Not Held RR Tournament Not Held
European Challenge NH A A SF Tournament Not Held
Top Rank Classic Tournament Not Held F Tournament Not Held
Premier League[nb 16] A A F SF RR A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Tournament Not Held
German Masters[nb 7] Tournament Not Held Ranking Event QF Tournament Not Held Ranking Event
Champions Cup[nb 17] Tournament Not Held SF 1R SF A QF A A A Tournament Not Held
Irish Masters A A F F 1R 1R 1R A 1R QF QF A Ranking Event NH A Tournament Not Held
Scottish Masters A 1R 1R F 1R 1R F F 1R 1R QF LQ LQ Tournament Not Held
Northern Ireland Trophy Tournament Not Held SF Ranking Event Tournament Not Held
Scottish Professional Championship Tournament Not Held QF Tournament Not Held
World Grand Prix Tournament Not Held 1R Ranking Event
Shoot-Out SF Tournament Not Held 2R 1R 2R 3R 1R 1R Ranking Event
Performance Table Legend
LQ lost in the qualifying draw #R lost in the early rounds of the tournament
(WR = Wildcard round, RR = Round robin)		 QF lost in the quarter-finals
SF lost in the semi-finals F lost in the final W won the tournament
DNQ did not qualify for the tournament A did not participate in the tournament WD withdrew from the tournament
DQ disqualified from the tournament
NH / Not Heldevent was not held.
NR / Non-Ranking Eventevent is/was no longer a ranking event.
R / Ranking Eventevent is/was a ranking event.
RV / Ranking & Variant Format Eventmeans an event is/was a ranking & variant format event.
MR / Minor-Ranking Eventmeans an event is/was a minor-ranking event.
PA / Pro-am Eventmeans an event is/was a pro-am event.
VF / Variant Format Eventmeans an event is/was a variant format event.
  1. From the 2010/2011 season it shows the ranking at the beginning of the season.
  2. New players on the Main Tour don't have a ranking.
  3. The event was called the Riga Open (2014/2015–2015/2016)
  4. The event was called the Grand Prix (1990/1991–2000/2001 and 2004/2005–2009/2010), the LG Cup (2001/2002–2003/2004) and the Haikou World Open (2011/2012–2013/2014)
  5. The event was called the International Open (1992/1993–1996/1997) and the Players Championship (2003/2004)
  6. The event was called the European Open (1992/1993–1996/1997), Irish Open (1998/1999) and Malta Cup (2004/2005–2007/2008)
  7. The event was called the German Open (1995/1996–1997/1998)
  8. The event was called the Players Tour Championship Grand Finals (2010/2011–2012/2013) and the Players Championship Grand Final (2013/2014–2015/2016)
  9. The event was called the Strachan Challenge (1992/1993–1993/1994)
  10. The event was called the Thailand Classic (1995/1996) and the Asian Classic (1996/1997)
  11. The event was called the Asian Open (1990/1991–1992/1993) and the Thailand Open (1993/1994–1996/97)
  12. The event was called the Jiangsu Classic (2008/2009–2009/2010)
  13. The event was called the Australian Open (1994/1995) and the Australian Masters (1995/1996)
  14. The event was called the Grand Prix Fürth (2004/2005) and the Fürth German Open (2005/2006–2006/2007)
  15. The event was called the China International (1997/1998–1998/1999)
  16. The event was called the Matchroom League (1990/1991–1991/1992) and the European League (1992/1993–1996/1997)
  17. The event was called the Charity Challenge (1994/1995–1998/1999)

Career finals

Ranking finals: 8 (2 titles, 6 runners-up)
Outcome No. Year Championship Opponent in the final Score
Runner-up 1. 1992 Asian Open Steve Davis 3–9
Runner-up 2. 1993 Welsh Open Ken Doherty 7–9
Runner-up 3. 1994 Welsh Open (2) Steve Davis 6–9
Winner 1. 1994 Dubai Classic Peter Ebdon 9–6
Winner 2. 1996 Thailand Open Ken Doherty 9–8
Runner-up 4. 1998 Irish Open Mark Williams 4–9
Runner-up 5. 1999 Thailand Masters Mark Williams 7–9
Runner-up 6. 2002 LG Cup Chris Small 5–9

Minor-ranking finals: 1 (1 runner-up)
Outcome No. Year Championship Opponent in the final Score
Runner-up1.1992Benson & Hedges Championship Chris Small1–9

Non-ranking finals: 10 (2 titles, 8 runners-up)
Legend
The Masters (1–0)
Premier League (0–1)
Other (1–7)
Outcome No. Year Championship Opponent in the final Score
Winner 1. 1990 Benson & Hedges Championship James Wattana 9–5
Runner-up 1. 1993 European League Jimmy White 7–10
Runner-up 2. 1993 Irish Masters Steve Davis 5–9
Runner-up 3. 1993 Scottish Masters Ken Doherty 9–10
Winner 2. 1994 The Masters Stephen Hendry 9–8
Runner-up 4. 1994 Irish Masters (2) Steve Davis 5–9
Runner-up 5. 1994 Top Rank Classic Stephen Hendry Round-Robin
Runner-up 6. 1996 Scottish Masters Peter Ebdon 6–9
Runner-up 7. 1997 Scottish Masters (2) Nigel Bond 8–9
Runner-up 8. 2009 Pro Challenge Series - Event 1 Stephen Maguire 2–5

Team finals 3 (2 titles, 1 runners-up)
Outcome No. Year Championship Team Opponent in the final Score
Winner 1. 1996 World Cup  Scotland  Ireland 10–7
Runner-up 1. 1999 Nations Cup  Scotland  Wales 4–6
Winner 2. 2001 Nations Cup  Scotland  Ireland 6–2

Amateur finals: 2 (1 title, 1 runner-up)
Outcome No. Year Championship Opponent in the final Score
Winner 1. 1990 Scottish Amateur Championship Paul McPhillips 9–5
Runner-up 1. 1990 English Amateur Championship Joe Swail 11–13
gollark: Interesting.
gollark: Gollariosity is fairly obvious and if your scoring system can't handle it that is your fault.
gollark: The obvious solution is principal component analysis.
gollark: Not 5. Oops.
gollark: That's your entry in round 16.

References
  1. "Alan McManus Bio". Snooker.org.
  2. "The 20 Greatest moments of the masters". Inside-Snooker. 10 January 2014. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
  3. "Big Mac – Alan's a Master". Daily Mirror. 14 February 1994. p. 32 – via Newsbank.
  4. Yates, Phil (8 February 1994). "Nervous Foulds recaptured art of winning". The Times. p. 40.
  5. "Ding Junhui whitewashes Alan McManus to book second round place". Bettor.com. Archived from the original on 10 April 2013.
  6. "Fen Potter Joe Perry surrenders 3-0 lead to crash out of Welsh Open". Cambs Times (Sport).
  7. "Welsh Open 2013: Schedule and results from Newport". BBC Sport.
  8. "McManus Wins Nine-Hour Epic". World Snooker.
  9. "Judd Trump beaten by Alan McManus at International Championship". 28 October 2013. Retrieved 3 February 2014.
  10. "Alan McManus 2014/2015". Snooker.org. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  11. "Shanghai Masters: Ronnie O'Sullivan suffers first-round exit to Alan McManus". Sky Sports. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  12. "McManus continues Shanghai surprise". ESPN (UK). Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  13. "European Order of Merit 2014/2015". Snooker.org. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  14. "Alan McManus gutted as he falls at the first hurdle". Evening Times. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  15. "Doherty Stuns Selby In Riga". World Snooker. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  16. "Hawkins Rules In Riga". World Snooker. Archived from the original on 7 August 2015. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  17. "Shanghai Masters 2015: Results". BBC Sport. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  18. "2015 Shanghai Masters". CueTracker. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  19. "2015 European Tour - Event 3". CueTracker. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  20. "The Longest Frame". World Snooker. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  21. "Alan McManus interview: 'I came close to quitting snooker, the sport I love'". Eurosport.
  22. "Historic Seedings After 2016 World Championship". Snooker.org. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  23. "Alan McManus 2016/2017". Snooker.org. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
  24. "UK Championship Snooker 2017". Sporting Life. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
  25. "Ranking History". Snooker.org. Retrieved 6 February 2011.
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