Ahmet Fevzi Big

Ahmet Fevzi
1304-P. 38[1]
Ahmet Fevzi; 1304-P. 38[1]; Pasha
Born	1871; Düzce, Ottoman Empire
Died	1947 (aged 75–76); Istanbul, Turkey
Allegiance	Ottoman Empire
Service/branch	Ottoman Army
Years of service	1889–1920
Rank	Major general
Commands held	IX Corps; XV Corps; Istanbul Central Command; Undersecretary of the War Ministry
Battles/wars	Balkan Wars; First World War; Turkish War of Independence

Ahmet Fevzi Big or Ahmet Fevzi Paşa (1871-1947) was an Ottoman commander of the Ninth Army Corps of the Ottoman Third Army. He was an Abkhazian immigrant from Düzce.[2] He was from the Circassian Big family. His father's name was Yakub.[3]

Career

After the Kuva-i Inzibatiye forces loyal to the Ottoman Government were defeated by Çerkes Ethem's forces in the Revolt of Ahmet Anzavur, he was sent to recruit Circassians for the nationalist Kuva-yi Milliye. His efforts to persuade Circassians around the South Marmara towns of Manyas and Gönen were largely unsuccessful. He later told Kâzım Özalp that the people of Manyas were waiting for an opportunity to launch a second rebellion.[2]

The XI Corps began the Ottoman Third Army's offensive in the Caucasus Campaign on 7 November. On 12 November they were joined by reinforcements from the IX corps commanded by Fevzi Paşa. Together they were able to push the Russians back.[4]

Behaeddin Shakir was unable to bring the IX Corps under the control Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) while Fevzi Paşa remained their commander. When Fevzi Paşa opposed the Ottoman plan to attack the Russians during the winter, Shakir replaced Fevzi Paşa as IX Corps commander.[5][6]

Although he was appointed the commander of the XX Corps in place of Ali Fuad Pasha, he refused it at the caution of Rauf Bey and Bekir Sami Bey.

Fevzi Pasha died in 1947 in Istanbul.[1]

Ahmediye Mosque from side street
Ahmediye Mosque exterior
Ahmediye Mosque interior

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References

T.C. Genelkurmay Harp Tarihi Başkanlığı Yayınları, Türk İstiklâl Harbine Katılan Tümen ve Daha Üst Kademelerdeki Komutanların Biyografileri, Genelkurmay Başkanlığı Basımevi, Ankara, 1972, s. 18.
Gingeras, Ryan (26 February 2009). Sorrowful Shores: Violence, Ethnicity, and the End of the Ottoman Empire 1912-1923. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-956152-0.
Ünal, Muhittin (1996). Kurtuluş Savaşı'nda Çerkeslerin rolü. Cem Yayınevi. ISBN 978-975-406-582-4.
Ford, Roger (16 August 2011). Eden to Armageddon: World War I in the Middle East. Pegasus Books. ISBN 978-1-4532-1839-6.
Gocek, Fatma Muge (7 April 2016). Denial of Violence: Ottoman Past, Turkish Present, and Collective Violence Against the Armenians, 1789-2009. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-062458-3.
Dadrian, Vahakn N.; Akçam, Taner (30 December 2011). Judgment At Istanbul: The Armenian Genocide Trials. Berghahn Books. ISBN 978-0-85745-286-3.

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[Genelkurmay22-1] T.C. Genelkurmay Harp Tarihi Başkanlığı Yayınları, Türk İstiklâl Harbine Katılan Tümen ve Daha Üst Kademelerdeki Komutanların Biyografileri, Genelkurmay Başkanlığı Basımevi, Ankara, 1972, s. 18.

[gingeras-2] Gingeras, Ryan (26 February 2009). Sorrowful Shores: Violence, Ethnicity, and the End of the Ottoman Empire 1912-1923. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-956152-0.

[3] Ünal, Muhittin (1996). Kurtuluş Savaşı'nda Çerkeslerin rolü. Cem Yayınevi. ISBN 978-975-406-582-4.

[4] Ford, Roger (16 August 2011). Eden to Armageddon: World War I in the Middle East. Pegasus Books. ISBN 978-1-4532-1839-6.

[5] Gocek, Fatma Muge (7 April 2016). Denial of Violence: Ottoman Past, Turkish Present, and Collective Violence Against the Armenians, 1789-2009. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-062458-3.

[6] Dadrian, Vahakn N.; Akçam, Taner (30 December 2011). Judgment At Istanbul: The Armenian Genocide Trials. Berghahn Books. ISBN 978-0-85745-286-3.