Adreno

Adreno is a series of graphics processing unit (GPU) semiconductor intellectual property cores developed by Qualcomm and used in many of their SoCs.

History

Adreno (an anagram of AMD's graphics-brand Radeon) started out as Qualcomm's inhouse brand of graphics technologies,[1] and was used in their mobile chipset products. Early Adreno models included the Adreno 100 and 110, which had 2D graphics acceleration and limited multimedia capabilities. At the time, 3D graphics on mobile platforms were commonly handled using software-based rendering engines, which limited their performance. With growing demand for more advanced multimedia and 3D graphics capabilities, Qualcomm licensed the Imageon IP from AMD, in order to add hardware-accelerated 3D capabilities to their mobile products.[2] Further collaboration with AMD resulted in the development of the Adreno 200, released in 2008, which was integrated into the first Snapdragon SoC. In January 2009, AMD sold their entire Imageon handheld device graphics division to Qualcomm.[3]

Technical details

Variants

The company offers Adreno GPUs in various flavors, as a component of their Snapdragon SoCs:

Name	Microarchitecture			Fab(nm)	Clock [MHz]	Memory technology	Fillrate			GFLOPS (FP32)	GFLOPS (FP16)	API (version)						Used in Qualcomm...	References
	Type	ALUs (SIMDs) [FP16] [note 1]	On-chip graphics memory			Memory bandwidth	Triangle [MT/s]	Pixel [GP/s]	Texture [GT/s]			Vulkan	OpenGL ES	OpenVG	OpenCL	OpenGL	Direct3D
Adreno 1xx series
Adreno 130	fixed function pipeline			90 or 65			4	0.133		1.2		N/A	1.1	1.1	N/A	N/A	Direct3D Mobile	MSM7x00, MSM7x00A, MSM7x01, MSM7x01A	[4][5][6]
Adreno 2xx series - yamato
Adreno 200 (AMD Z430)	Unified shader model 5-way VLIW[7]	8 (2)	256 KB	65	133	LPDDR Single-channel 166 MHz (1.33 GB/s)	22.85	0.133		2.1		N/A	2.0	1.1	N/A	1.4 (freedreno driver)	11 (feature level 9_3) [8]	Snapdragon S1 (MSM7227, MSM7627 QSD8250, QSD8650), Freescale i.MX51, i.MX53
Adreno 200 'enhanced'		8 (2)	256 KB	45	200 245	LPDDR Single-channel 200 MHz (1.6 GB/s)	42	0.2 0.245		3.2 3.9								Snapdragon S1 (MSM7227A, MSM7627A, MSM7225A, MSM7625A)
Adreno 203		16 (4)	256 KB	45	245 294	LPDDR2 Single-channel 300 MHz (2.4 GB/s)	40.8 49	0.245 0.294		7.8 9.4								Snapdragon S4 Play (MSM8225, MSM8625), Snapdragon 200 (MSM8225Q, MSM8625Q)
Adreno 205		16 (4)	256 KB	45	245	LPDDR2 Dual-channel 333 MHz (5.3 GB/s)	40.8 44.3	0.245 0.266		7.8 8.5								Snapdragon S2 (MSM7x30, MSM8x55, APQ8055)
Adreno 2xx series - leia
Adreno 220	Unified shader model 5-way VLIW[7]	32 (8)	512 KB	45	266	LPDDR2 Single-channel 333 MHz (2.67 GB/s)	88.7	0.532		17		N/A	2.0	1.1	N/A	1.4 (freedreno driver)	11 (feature level 9_3) [8]	Snapdragon S3 (APQ8060, MSM8x60)
Adreno 225		32 (8) [9]	512 KB	28	400	LPDDR2 Dual-channel 500 MHz (8 GB/s)	133.3	0.8		12.8 19.2 25.6								Snapdragon S4 Plus (APQ8060A, MSM8x60A, MSM8960)
Adreno 3xx series - oxili
Adreno 304	Unified shader model Scalar instruction set[10]	24 [24]	96 KB	28	400	LPDDR2/3 Single-channel 384-533 MHz (3.1-4.3 GB/s)				19.2		N/A	3.0[8] (freedreno driver: 3.0, 3.1 incomplete, 3.2 partial)	1.1	1.1 embedded profile	3.1 (freedreno driver, 3.2 incomplete, 3.3 complete)	11 (feature level 9_3) [8]	Snapdragon 208, Snapdragon 210, Snapdragon 212
Adreno 305		24 [24]	256 KB	28	400 450	LPDDR2 Single-channel 400 MHz (3.2 GB/s)	66.7 75	0.8		19.2 21.6								Snapdragon S4 Plus (MSM8x27)
Adreno 305		24 [24]	128 KB	28	400 450	LPDDR2/3 Single-channel 533 MHz (4.3 GB/s)	66.7 75	0.8		19. 21.6								Snapdragon 200 (MSM8210, MSM8610, MSM8212, MSM8612) Snapdragon 400[11] (MSM8x26, MSM8x28, MSM8x30, MSM8x30AB, APQ8026, APQ8030)	[12] [13]
Adreno 306		24 [24]	128 KB[14]	28	400	LPDDR2/3 Single-channel 32-bit 533 MHz (4.2 GB/s)	84.3	0.8		19.2								Snapdragon 410 (MSM8916), Snapdragon 412 (MSM8916v2)
Adreno 308		24 [24]	128 KB	28	500	LPDDR3 Single-channel 667 MHz (5.34 GB/s)	105.4	1.0		24								Snapdragon 425 (MSM8917) Snapdragon 427 (MSM8920)
Adreno 320		64 [64]	512 KB[14]	28	400	LPDDR2 Dual-channel 533 MHz 8.53 GB/s	225	1.6	3.2	51.2								Snapdragon S4 Pro (MSM8960T, APQ8064, APQ8064-1AA), Snapdragon S4 Prime (MPQ8064)	[15]
Adreno 320 2nd gen		96 [96]	512 KB[14]	28	400 450	LPDDR3 Dual-channel 32-bit (64-bit) 600 MHz (9.6 GB/s)	225 253.1	2.4 2.7	>3.2	76.8 86.4								Snapdragon 600 (APQ8064T, APQ8064AB)	[15]
Adreno 330		128 [128]	1024 KB	28	450 550 578	LPDDR3 Dual-channel 32-bit (64-bit) 800 MHz (12.8 GB/s)	253.1 309.4 325.1	3.6 4.4 4.624		115.2 140.8 147.9								Snapdragon 800 (MSM8974, APQ8074), Snapdragon 801 (MSM8274AB, MSM8974AB, MSM8974AC)
Adreno 4xx series
Adreno 405	Unified shader model	48 [48]	256 KB	28	550	LPDDR3 Single-channel 667-933 MHz (5.34-7.46 GB/s)				52.8		N/A	3.2 (freedreno driver: 3.0, 3.1 incomplete, 3.2 partial)	1.1	1.2 full profile	3.1 (freedreno driver, 3.2 incomplete, 3.3 complete)	11 (feature level 11_1)[8]	Snapdragon 415 (MSM8929), Snapdragon 615 (MSM8939), Snapdragon 616 (MSM8939v2), Snapdragon 617 (MSM8952)
Adreno 418		128 [128]	512 KB	20	600	LPDDR3 Dual-channel 32-bit (64-bit) 933 MHz (14.9 GB/s)				153.6		1.0 [16]						Snapdragon 808 (MSM8992)
Adreno 420		128 [128]	1536 KB	28	500 600	LPDDR3 Dual-channel 64-bit (128-bit) 800 MHz (25.6 GB/s)	281.3 337.5 (0.56[17] Tr/clock)	4 4.8 (8.2 Px/clock)		128 153.6		1.0 [note 2]						Snapdragon 805 (APQ8084)	[18]
Adreno 430		256 [256]	1536 KB	20	500 600 650	LPDDR4 Dual-channel 32-bit (64-bit) 1600 MHz (25.6 GB/s)	?	4.8 6.0 6.6		324 420		1.0 [16]						Snapdragon 810 (APQ8094, MSM8994)
Adreno 5xx series
Adreno 504	Unified shader model + Unified memory	?	?	12	?	LPDDR3 Single-channel 800 MHz (6.4 GB/s)	?	?	?	?		1.0[16]	3.2[19] (freedreno driver: 3.1, 3.2 partial)	?	2.0 Full	3.1 (freedreno driver, 3.2 incomplete, 3.3 complete)	11 (feature level 11_1)	Snapdragon 429
Adreno 505		48 [48]	128 + 8 KB	28	450	LPDDR3 Single-channel 800 MHz (6.4 GB/s)			?	48.6								Snapdragon 430 (MSM8937), Snapdragon 435, Snapdragon 439
Adreno 506		96 [96]	128 + 8 KB	14	600 650	LPDDR3 Single-channel 933 MHz (7.46 GB/s)	?	?	?	115.2 124.8								Snapdragon 450, Snapdragon 625, Snapdragon 626, Snapdragon 632
Adreno 508		128 [128]	128 + 8 KB	14	850	LPDDR4 Dual‑channel 16‑bit (32-bit) 1333 MHz (10.66 GB/s)	?	?	?	163.2								Snapdragon 630
Adreno 509		128 [128]	256 + 16 KB	14	720	LPDDR4 Dual‑channel 32‑bit (64-bit) 1333 MHz (21.33 GB/s)	?	?	?	184.3								Snapdragon 636
Adreno 510		128 [128]	256 KB	28	600	LPDDR3 Dual‑channel 32‑bit (64-bit) 933 MHz (14.9 GB/s)	?	?	?	153.6			3.2 (3.1 + AEP) (freedreno driver: 3.1, 3.2 partial)					Snapdragon 650 (MSM8956), Snapdragon 652 (MSM8976), Snapdragon 653 (MSM8976PRO)
Adreno 512		128 [128]	256 + 16 KB	14	850	LPDDR4 Quad-channel 16-bit (64-bit) 1866 MHz (29.8 GB/s)	?	?	?	217.6								Snapdragon 660 (MSM8976 Plus)
Adreno 530		256 [256]	1024 KB	14	510 624 653	LPDDR4 Quad-channel 16-bit (64-bit) 1866 MHz (29.8 GB/s)	?	6.7 8.1	7.7 8.1	407.4 498.5 [20]							12 (feature level 11_1)	Snapdragon 820 (MSM8996), Snapdragon 821 (MSM8996PRO)
Adreno 540		384 [384]	1024 KB	10	710	LPDDR4X Dual-channel 32-bit (64-bit) 1866 MHz (29.8 GB/s)	>450	?	11.36 (16 Texel/clock) [21][22]	567 [20]								Snapdragon 835 (MSM8998)
Adreno 6xx series
Adreno 605	Unified shader model + Unified memory		128+8 KB	14								1.0 and 1.1[23][16]	3.2		2.0 Full	WIP (freedreno driver)	12 (feature level 12_1)
Adreno 610			?	11						273								Snapdragon 460 Snapdragon 662 Snapdragon 665	[24]
Adreno 612			256+16 KB	11	845	LPDDR4X Dual‑channel 16‑bit (32-bit) 1866 MHz (14.9 GB/s)												Snapdragon 675
Adreno 615		256 [128]	512 KB	10	700	LPDDR4X Dual‑channel 16‑bit (32-bit) 1866 MHz (14.9 GB/s)				358.4								QCS603, QCS605, Snapdragon 670	[25][26]
Adreno 616		256 [128]	512 KB	10	750	LPDDR4X Dual‑channel 16‑bit (32-bit) 1866 MHz (14.9 GB/s)				384								Snapdragon 710 Snapdragon 712
Adreno 618		256 [128]	512KB	8	700 825 [27]	LPDDR4X Dual‑channel 16‑bit (32-bit) 1866 MHz (14.9 GB/s)				? 422								Snapdragon 720G Snapdragon 730 Snapdragon 730G Snapdragon 7c	[28]
Adreno 620		384 [192]	512	7	625 750	LPDDR4X Dual-channel 16-bit (32-bit) 2133 MHz (17 GB/s)		6.7/8.1										Snapdragon 765 Snapdragon 765G Snapdragon 768G
Adreno 630		512 [256]	1024 KB	10	710	LPDDR4X Quad-channel 16-bit (64-bit) 1866 MHz (29.9 GB/s)	>500	?	15.4	727								Snapdragon 845 Snapdragon 850	[29][30][31]
Adreno 640		768 [384]	1024 KB	7	585 675	LPDDR4X Quad-channel 16-bit (64-bit) 2133 MHz (34.13 GB/s)		9.4	28.1	954 [27] 1037	1853.3[32]							Snapdragon 855/855+	[33][29]
Adreno 650		1024 [512] [34]	? and 300 Go/s [35]	7	587	LPDDR4X or LPDDR5 Quad-channel 16-bit (64-bit) 2133 MHz or 2750 MHz 33.4GB/s or 44.0GB/s				1244-1267 (est.) [27] [36]								Snapdragon 865/865+	[29]
Adreno 675		?	?	7		LPDDR4X Quad-channel 16-bit (64-bit) 2133 MHz (34.13 GB/s)												Snapdragon 8c
Adreno 680		1536 [768]	?	7		LPDDR4X Octa-channel 16-bit (128-bit) 2133 MHz (68.26 GB/s)				1842.5[37]								Snapdragon 8cx
Adreno 685		1536 [768]	?	7		LPDDR4X Octa-channel 16-bit (128-bit) 2133 MHz (68.26 GB/s)				~2100[38]								Microsoft SQ1
Name	Microarchitecture			Fab (nm)	Clock [MHz]		Fillrate			GFLOPS (FP32)	GFLOPS (FP16)	API (version)						Used in Qualcomm...	References
	Type	ALUs (SIMDs) [FP16] [note 1]	On-chip graphics memory				Triangle [MT/s]	Pixel [GP/s]	Texture [GT/s]			Vulkan	OpenGL ES	OpenVG	OpenCL	OpenGL	Direct3D

Notes

1. Adreno ALU = ALU x MP amount
2. Adreno 420 Vulkan driver was never released

• Adreno 130 inside the MSM7x01, and MSM7x01A. It supports OpenGL ES 1.1, OpenVG 1.1, EGL 1.3, Direct3D Mobile, SVGT 1.2, Direct Draw and GDI.
• Adreno 200 (AMD Z430) inside the QSD8x50 and MSM7x27 (133 MHz). It offers a programmable function pipeline and streaming textures with support for OpenGL ES 1.0, OpenGL ES 1.1, OpenVG 1.1, EGL 1.4, Direct3D Mobile, SVGT 1.2 and DirectDraw. (22M triangles/second, 133M pixels/second, clock speed up to 133 MHz).
• Adreno 200 enhanced inside the MSM7x25A and MSM7x27A (200 MHz). It supports OpenGL ES 2.0, OpenGL ES 1.1, OpenVG 1.1, EGL 1.4, Direct3D Mobile, SVGT 1.2, Direct Draw and GDI. (40M triangles/second, 200M pixels/second, clock speed up to 200 MHz).
• Adreno 203 inside the MSM8225 and MSM8225Q (400 MHz). It is an improvement over Adreno 205. It features a higher frequency, has better pixel fillrate, lower power consumption, better 3D performance. It is about 50-100% faster than Adreno 200 (enhanced), and 10–25% than Adreno 205. It could clock 2x times higher than Adreno 205. It supports OpenGL ES 2.0, OpenGL ES 1.1, OpenVG 1.1, EGL 1.4, Direct3D Mobile, DirectX 9.0c, SVGT 1.2, Direct Draw and GDI. (42-50M triangles/second, 250-300M pixels/second, clock speed from 192-400 MHz)
• Adreno 205 inside the QSD8x50A, MSM7x30, and MSM8x55 (245 MHz). Its improvements include Hardware-accelerated SVG and Adobe Flash and better shader-performance than the Adreno 200. It supports OpenGL ES 2.0, OpenGL ES 1.1, OpenVG 1.1, EGL 1.4, Direct3D Mobile, SVGT 1.2, Direct Draw and GDI. (57M triangles/second, 250M pixels/second, clock speed up to 400 MHz)
• Adreno 220 inside the MSM8660 or MSM8260 (266MHZ) with single channel memory. It supports OpenGL ES 2.0, OpenGL ES 1.1, OpenVG 1.1, EGL 1.4, Direct3D Mobile, DirectX 9.0c, SVGT 1.2, Direct Draw and GDI. (88M triangles/second, 500M pixels/second, standard clock speed up to 266 MHz, overclock up to 400 MHz).
• Adreno 225 inside the MSM8960 (400 MHz), with unified shader architecture and dual channel memory. It supports Direct3D 9.0c in addition to OpenGL ES 2.0, OpenGL ES 1.1, OpenVG 1.1, EGL 1.4, Direct3D Mobile, SVGT 1.2, Direct Draw and GDI.
• Adreno 320 inside the Qualcomm S4 Pro & Prime Series, with unified shader architecture and dual channel memory. It supports Direct3D feature level 9_3 in addition to OpenGL ES 3.0, OpenGL ES 2.0, OpenGL ES 1.1, OpenVG 1.1, EGL 1.4, Direct3D Mobile, SVGT 1.2[15]
• Adreno 330 inside the Nexus 5, Amazon Kindle HDX series tablets, Amazon Fire phone, Nokia Lumia 2520 tablet, Nokia Lumia 1520, Nokia Lumia Icon, Nokia Lumia 930, Samsung Galaxy S5, Samsung Galaxy Note 3, Sony Xperia Z1, Sony Xperia Z1 Compact, Sony Xperia Z2, Sony Xperia Z3, Sony Xperia Z3 Compact, Sony Xperia Z Ultra, Xiaomi Mi3, Xiaomi Mi4, OnePlus One, HTC One (M8) and LG G2/G3 smartphones.
• Adreno 420 inside the Qualcomm Snapdragon 805 supports Direct3D 11.2 runtime (feature level 11_1). Inside the Google Nexus 6, Samsung Galaxy S5 LTE-A, Samsung Galaxy Note 4, Samsung Galaxy Note Edge, LG G3 Cat. 6, Amazon Fire HDX 8.9 (2014). The Qualcomm Snapdragon 805 is the first phone SoC ever to feature a 128-bit memory bus.
• Adreno 540 inside the Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 is the first phone SoC to feature Variable refresh rate and Foveated rendering/Variate Rate Shading, Qualcomm calls their implementations Q-Sync and Adreno Foveation.
• Adreno 630 inside the Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 is the first phone SoC to feature Inside-Out Room-scale 6DoF with SLAM
• Adreno 640 inside the Qualcomm Snapdragon 855 is the first phone SoC to feature updateable GPU drivers from the Google Play Store

Operating system support

See also: Free and open-source graphics device driver § Qualcomm

There are proprietary drivers for the Linux-based mobile operating system Android available from Qualcomm themselves. Historically the only way to have GPU support on non-Android Linux was with the libhybris wrapper.

Linux and Mesa supports the Adreno 200/300/400/500 series of GPUs with a driver called freedreno. Freedreno allows fully open-source graphics on devices like the 96Boards Dragonboard 410c and Nexus 7 (2013).

See also

• Qualcomm Hexagon
• List of Qualcomm Snapdragon systems-on-chip
• PowerVR – competing graphics technology available as a Silicon IP core (SIP) to 3rd parties
• Mali – competing graphics technology available as a Silicon IP core (SIP) to 3rd parties
• Vivante – competing graphics technology available as a Silicon IP core (SIP) to 3rd parties
• Tegra – family of SoCs for mobile computers, the graphics core could be available as SIP block to 3rd parties
• VideoCore – family of SOCs, by Broadcom, for mobile computers, the graphics core could be available as SIP block to 3rd parties
• Atom family of SoCs – with Intel graphics core, not licensed to 3rd parties
• AMD mobile APUs – with AMD graphics core, not licensed to 3rd parties

References

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3. Ferguson, Scott (January 20, 2009). "AMD Sells Handset Division to Qualcomm for $65 million". eWeek. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
4. "Qualcomm MSM7201A Application Processor with Modem Datasheet | CPUlist". PDAdb.net. 2012-02-25. Retrieved 2020-06-09.
5. Qualcomm MSM7201A. "Qualcomm MSM7201A Specs, Reviews, Ratings". System-on-a-chip.specout.com. Archived from the original on 2016-06-16. Retrieved 2016-07-05.
6. "3D Gaming Brochure" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 25, 2007. Retrieved 2016-07-05.
7. "The Freedreno driver" (PDF). Rob Clark @ FOSDEM2013.
8. "Adreno GPU SDK - GPU - Qualcomm Developer Network". Developer.qualcomm.com. Retrieved 2019-07-18.
9. "Mobile GPUs : Architectures". Bastian Zuehlke. 2012-04-05. Retrieved 2018-06-13.
10. freedreno (2015-01-06). "A3xx shader instruction set architecture · freedreno/freedreno Wiki · GitHub". Github.com. Retrieved 2016-07-05.
11. Snapdragon 400 processor specs at qualcomm.com
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13. "Qualcomm Rolls-Out High-End Quad-Core Snapdragon S4 System-on-Chips". X-bit labs. Archived from the original on 2016-08-18. Retrieved 2016-07-05.
14. "Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ embedded platforms HW and SW Overview" (PDF). explace. 2016.
15. AnandTech - Adreno 320 performance preview
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17. "High Quality with High Performance UE4 Mobile Game - CSDN博客". blog.csdn.net (in Chinese). Retrieved 2018-06-12.
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20. https://gflops.surge.sh/
21. Humrick, Matt. "Qualcomm Details Snapdragon 835: Kryo 280 CPU, Adreno 540 GPU, X16 LTE". Retrieved 2018-06-11.
22. "GFXBench - Unified cross-platform 3D graphics benchmark database". The cross-platform performance site. Retrieved 2018-06-11.
23. "Vulkan graphics API receives major 1.1 update". Android Authority. 2018-03-07. Retrieved 2018-06-12.
24. "Snapdragon 665 Mobile Platform". Qualcomm.
25. "QCS603 SoC | Qualcomm". Qualcomm. Retrieved 2018-04-12.
26. "QCS605 SoC | Qualcomm". Qualcomm. Retrieved 2018-04-12.
27. "AnTuTu tests Snapdragon 730 and 665". GSM Arena.
28. "Snapdragon 730 Mobile Platform". Qualcomm.
29. Frumusanu, Andrei. "Qualcomm Announces Snapdragon 865 and 765(G): 5G For All in 2020, All The Details". Retrieved 2019-12-04.
30. Smith, Andrei Frumusanu, Ryan. "The Snapdragon 845 Performance Preview: Setting the Stage for Flagship Android 2018". Retrieved 2018-06-11.
31. "GFXBench - Unified cross-platform 3D graphics benchmark database". The cross-platform performance site. Retrieved 2018-06-11.
32. Frumusanu, Andrei (2019-12-04). "Qualcomm Announces Snapdragon 865 and 765(G): 5G For All in 2020, All The Details (Page 2)". www.anandtech.com. Anandtech. Retrieved 2020-01-20.
33. "Qualcomm Snapdragon 855: An overview of its CPU, GPU, ISP, and DSP". xda-developers. 2018-12-05. Retrieved 2018-12-05.
34. Frumusanu, Andrei. "Qualcomm Announces Snapdragon 865 and 765(G): 5G For All in 2020, All The Details". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved 2020-01-20.
35. Frumusanu, Andrei. "Qualcomm Announces Snapdragon 865 and 765(G): 5G For All in 2020, All The Details". www.anandtech.com. Retrieved 2020-01-20.
36. "Snapdragon 865 | Benchmarking & Gaming Test". YouTube. Tech Spurt. 16 December 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2020.
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External links

• Official website
• Additional information on history of Adreno