ASPRO chronology

The ASPRO chronology is a nine-period dating system of the ancient Near East used by the Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée for archaeological sites aged between 14,000 and 5,700 BP.[1]

First published in 1994,[2] ASPRO stands for the "Atlas des sites du Proche-Orient" (Atlas of Near East archaeological sites), a French publication pioneered by Francis Hours and developed by other scholars such as Olivier Aurenche.

The periods, cultures, features and date ranges of the original ASPRO chronology are shown below:

ASPRO Period Cultural phases Dates
Period 1Natufian, Zarzian final12,000 – 10,300 BP or 12,000 – 10,200 cal. BCE
Period 2Protoneolithic, Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA), Khiamian, Sultanian, Harifian10,300 – 9,600 BP or 10,200 – 8,800 cal. BCE
Period 3Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB, PPNB ancien)9,600 – 8,000 BP or 8,800 – 7,600 cal. BCE
Period 4Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB, PPNB moyen)8,600 – 8,000 BP or 7,600 – 6,900 cal. BCE
Period 5Dark Faced Burnished Ware (DFBW), Çatal Hüyük, Umm Dabaghiyah-Sotto, Proto-Hassuna, Ubaid 08,600 – 7,600 BP or 6,900 – 6,400 cal. BCE
Period 6Hassuna, Samarra, Halaf, Ubaid 17,600 – 7,000 BP or 6,400 – 5,800 cal. BCE
Period 7Pottery Neolithic A (PNA), Halaf final, Ubaid 27,000 – 6,500 BP or 5,800 – 5,400 cal. BCE
Period 8Pottery Neolithic B (PNB), Ubaid 36,500 – 6,100 BP or 5,400 – 5,000 cal. BCE
Period 9Ubaid 46,100 – 5,700 BP or 5,000 – 4,500 cal. BCE

In 2001, the institute revised the chronology of the first six periods based on newer carbon data and calibration curves.[3] In Period 3 an early and late phase could be distinguished, but Periods 4 and 5 were merged. Overall they found more overlap in time between different cultural phases between different sites.

ASPRO Period Cultural phasesDates BP Dates BCE
Period 1Natufian, Zarzian final12,000 – 10,300 BP12,500 – 9,500 cal. BCE
Period 2Protoneolithic, Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA)10,300 – 9,600 BP10,500 – 8,300 cal. BCE
Period 3early Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB ancient)9,600 – .... BP9,200 – 8,300 cal. BCE
Period 3middle Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB moyen).... – 8,000 BP8,400 – 7,500 cal. BCE
Period 4,5middle to late Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB moyen, PPNC)8,600 – 7,600 BP7,600 – 6,000 cal. BCE
Period 6Hassuna, Samarra, Halaf, Ubaid 17,600 – 7,000 BP6,400 – 5,600 cal. BCE

See also

References
  1. Francis Hours (1994). Atlas des sites du proche orient (14000 - 5700 BP). Maison de l'Orient méditerranéen. ISBN 978-2-903264-53-6. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
  2. "ASPRO : Atlas des Sites du Proche-Orient". MAISON DE L'ORIENT ET DE LA MÉDITERRANÉE JEAN POUILLOUX. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
  3. Auranche, O (2001). "Proto-neolithic and Neolithic Cultures in the Middle East — the Birth of Agriculture, Livestock Raining, and Ceramics: a Calibrated 14C Chronology 12,500–5500 cal BC" (PDF). Radiocarbon. 43 (3): 1191–1202. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2018-01-24.
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