1992 Kenyan general election

General elections were held in Kenya on 29 December 1992, the first multi-party elections since independence. The results were marred by allegations of ballot-box stuffing, and targeted ethnic violence in the Rift Valley Province. Human Rights Watch accused several prominent Kenyan politicians, including President Daniel arap Moi and then-VP George Saitoti of inciting and co-ordinating the violence.[1] They were also the first elections to feature a ballot for the post of President, who had, in 1964, been elected by the National Assembly, and, following a 1969 constitutional amendment, been automatically declared winner of non-held popular elections, held alongside parliamentary elections, in 1969, 1974, 1979, 1983, and 1988. Voter turnout was 69.4%.[2][3]

1992 Kenyan presidential election

29 December 1992 (1992-12-29)

Nominee Daniel arap Moi Kenneth Matiba Party KANU FORD–Asili Popular vote 1,927,645 1,354,856 Percentage 36.6% 25.7%   Nominee Mwai Kibaki Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Party Democratic FORD-K Popular vote 1,035,507 903,886 Percentage 19.6% 17.1%

President before election Daniel arap Moi Kenya African National Union Elected President Daniel arap Moi KANU

1992 Kenyan parliamentary election

Party Leader % Seats ± KANU Daniel Arap Moi 24.5% 100 -88 FORD–Asili Kenneth Matiba 20.6% 31 New Democratic Mwai Kibaki 18.7% 23 New FORD–Kenya Jaramogi Oginga Odinga 20.6% 21 New KNC Chibule wa Tsuma 1.5% 1 New PICK John Harun Mwau 0.8% 1 New KSC George Anyona 0.3% 1 New This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.

Speaker of the National Assembly before Speaker of the National Assembly after Jonathan Kimetet arap Ng'eno KANU Francis ole Kaparo KANU

Results

President

Candidate	Party	Votes	%
Daniel arap Moi	Kenya African National Union	1,927,645	36.6
Kenneth Matiba	FORD–Asili	1,354,856	25.7
Mwai Kibaki	Democratic Party	1,035,507	19.6
Jaramogi Oginga Odinga	FORD–Kenya	903,886	17.1
Chibule wa Tsuma	Kenya National Congress	15,393	0.3
George Anyona	Kenya Social Congress	14,253	0.3
John Harun Mwau	Party of Independent Candidates of Kenya	10,449	0.2
David Mukaru Ng'ang'a	Kenya National Democratic Alliance	8,527	0.2
Invalid/blank votes			–
Total		5,270,516	100
Registered voters/turnout		7,956,354
Source: Nohlen et al.

By province

Province	Moi		Matiba		Kibaki		Odinga		Others		Total
	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%
Central	21,918	2.1	630,194	60.4	373,147	35.8	10,668	1.0	6,945	0.7	1,042,872
Coast	188,296	62.1	33,399	11.0	32,201	10.6	42,796	14.1	6,653	2.2	303,345
Eastern	290,372	37.0	79,436	10.1	392,481	50.0	13,673	1.7	8,819	1.1	784,781
North Eastern	46,420	74.8	7,188	11.6	3,259	5.3	5,084	8.2	73	0.1	62,024
Nairobi	62,410	16.6	165,553	44.1	69,715	18.6	75,888	20.2	1,944	0.5	375,510
Nyanza	117,554	15.2	10,299	1.3	51,998	6.7	581,490	75.4	9,807	1.3	771,148
Rift Valley	981,488	71.5	214,727	15.6	98,302	7.2	75,465	5.5	3,535	0.3	1,373,517
Western	219,187	39.3	214,060	38.4	14,404	2.6	98,822	17.7	10,846	1.9	557,319
Total	1,927,645	36.6	1,354,856	25.7	1,035,507	19.6	903,886	17.1	48,622	0.9	5,270,516
Source: Nohlen et al.

National Assembly

Following the elections, Moi appointed a further 12 KANU members to the National Assembly.[4]

Party	Votes	%	Seats
Kenya African National Union	1,327,691	24.5	100
FORD–Asili	1,118,247	20.6	31
Democratic Party	1,016,049	18.7	23
FORD–Kenya	928,364	17.1	31
Kenya National Congress	87,788	1.5	1
Party of Independent Candidates of Kenya	42,109	0.8	1
Kenya Social Congress	17,133	0.3	1
Kenya National Democratic Alliance	771	0.0	0
Social Democratic Party	177	0.0	0
Invalid/blank votes	61,173	–	–
Total	5,486,768	100	188
Registered voters/turnout	7,900,366	69.4	–
Source: Nohlen et al.

Aftermath

In 1993 Kenneth Matiba filed a petition against the election results. However, his failure to personally sign the petition resulted in the petition being struck out by Justice Riaga Omolo. Matiba, was physically incapacitated and had given his wife power of attorney. In 2012, Justice Omolo was declared unfit to serve in the judiciary by the Judges and Magistrates Vetting Board over this decision.[5]

References

1. Human Rights Watch (1993), Divide and Rule: State Sponsored Ethnic Violence in Kenya
2. Elections held in 1992 Inter-Parliamentary Union
3. Nohlen, D, Krennerich, M & Thibaut, B (1999) Elections in Africa: A data handbook, p486 ISBN 0-19-829645-2
4. Elections in Kenya African Elections Database
5. Why this election may be won in courts The Star, 12 January 2013