1344
Year 1344 (MCCCXLIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| 1344 by topic |
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| Leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1344 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1344 MCCCXLIV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2097 |
| Armenian calendar | 793 ԹՎ ՉՂԳ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6094 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1265–1266 |
| Bengali calendar | 751 |
| Berber calendar | 2294 |
| English Regnal year | 17 Edw. 3 – 18 Edw. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1888 |
| Burmese calendar | 706 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6852–6853 |
| Chinese calendar | 癸未年 (Water Goat) 4040 or 3980 — to — 甲申年 (Wood Monkey) 4041 or 3981 |
| Coptic calendar | 1060–1061 |
| Discordian calendar | 2510 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1336–1337 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5104–5105 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1400–1401 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1265–1266 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4444–4445 |
| Holocene calendar | 11344 |
| Igbo calendar | 344–345 |
| Iranian calendar | 722–723 |
| Islamic calendar | 744–745 |
| Japanese calendar | Kōei 3 (康永３年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1256–1257 |
| Julian calendar | 1344 MCCCXLIV |
| Korean calendar | 3677 |
| Minguo calendar | 568 before ROC 民前568年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −124 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1886–1887 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴水羊年 (female Water-Goat) 1470 or 1089 or 317 — to — 阳木猴年 (male Wood-Monkey) 1471 or 1090 or 318 |
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Events
January–December
- March 26 – Reconquista: The Siege of Algeciras (1342–44), one of the first European military engagements where gunpowder is used, ends with the Muslim city of Algeciras surrendering and being incorporated into the Kingdom of Castile.
- April 17 – Constantine II, King of Armenia, is killed in an uprising and succeeded by a distant cousin, Constantine III.
- April 23 – The St. George's Night Uprising: The Livonian Order hangs Vesse, the rebel Estonian Elder of Saaremaa Island.
- May 13 – Battle of Pallene: A Christian fleet defeats a Turkish fleet at Pallene, Chalcidice.
- October 24 – Smyrniote Crusade: A Christian fleet succeeds in taking the port city of Smyrna from the Aydinid Turks.[1]
- December 6 – Five-year-old Erik Magnusson, the eldest son of King Magnus IV of Sweden, is appointed heir to the Swedish throne, even though Sweden is an elective monarchy at this time.
Date unknown
- King Edward III of England introduce three new gold coins, the florin, leopard, and helm. Unfortunately, the amount of gold in the coins does not match their value of 6 shillings, 3 shillings, and 1 shilling and sixpence, so they have to be withdrawn and mostly melted down, by August of this year.
- Bablake School is founded in Coventry, England by the dowager Queen Isabella.
- The Compagnia dei Bardi in Florence goes bankrupt, along with the Peruzzi Bank and the Acciaiuoli Bank.
- A large public dial clock is installed in the tower of the Palazzo Capitaniato, Padua, commissioned by Prince Ubertino I da Carrara and supervised by Jacopo Dondi dell'Orologio.
- A famine occurs in China.
- King Peter IV of Aragon defeats and deposes his cousin, James III of Majorca, thereby absorbing the Balearic Kingdom of Majorca into the Crown of Aragon.
Births
- February 9 – Meinhard III, Count of Tyrol (d. 1363)
- September 18 – Marie Valois, French princess, daughter of King John II of France (d. 1404)
- October 10 – Mary Plantagenet, duchess consort of Brittany, daughter of King Edward III of England (d. 1362)
- date unknown
- Beatrix of Bavaria, queen consort of Sweden (d. 1359)
- Azzo X d'Este, Italian condottiero (d. 1415)
- John I, Count of La Marche (d. 1393)
- Parameswara, Malay Srivijayan prince (d. 1424)
Deaths
- January 4 – Robert de Lisle, 1st Baron Lisle, English peer (b. 1288)
- January 11 – Thomas Charlton, Bishop of Hereford, Lord High Treasurer of England, Lord Privy Seal, and Lord Chancellor of Ireland
- January 30 – William Montacute, 1st Earl of Salisbury (b. 1301)
- April 17 – Constantine II, King of Armenia (Gosdantin, Կոստանդին Բ)
- June 29 – Joan of Savoy, duchess consort of Brittany, throne claimant of Savoy (b. 1310)
- July 11 – Ulrich III, Count of Württemberg (b. c. 1286)
- July 16 – An-Nasir Ahmad, deposed Bahri Mamluk sultan of Egypt (b. 1316)
- date unknown
- Gersonides, French rabbi and mathematician (b. 1288)
- Raoul I of Brienne, Count of Eu
- Wajih ad-Din Mas'ud, leader of the Sarbadars of Sabzewar
- Prince Narinaga, Japanese Shōgun (b. 1326, d. either 1337 or 1344, the sources are contradictory).
- probable – Simone Martini, Sienese painter (b. 1284)
gollark: There is proof of stake, which replaces the mining with "staking", where you just put up some coins for a bit and randomly get assigned more based on that. But this is also bad.
gollark: If you benefit from more computation *at all*, someone will just deploy 29383728929 computers doing the more efficient thing.
gollark: It is deliberately wasteful. It can't be useful work or something something side markets (I forgot).
gollark: Yes, but then you couldn't use mining to allocate new coins and make evilness with new blocks expensive.
gollark: https://lhartikk.github.io/
References
- Lock, Peter (2013). The Routledge Companion to the Crusades. Routledge. p. 127. ISBN 9781135131371.
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