Princess Thyra of Denmark
Princess Thyra of Denmark, Danish pronunciation: [ˈtsʰyːʁɑ], (29 September 1853 – 26 February 1933, in Gmunden) was the youngest daughter and fifth child of Christian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel. In 1878, she married Ernest Augustus, the exiled heir to the Kingdom of Hanover. As the Kingdom of Hanover had been annexed by Prussia in 1866, she spent most of her life in exile with her husband in Austria.
| Princess Thyra | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crown Princess of Hanover Duchess of Cumberland and Teviotdale | |||||
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| Born | 29 September 1853 Yellow Palace, Copenhagen, Denmark | ||||
| Died | 26 February 1933 (aged 79) Gmunden, Austria | ||||
| Burial | 7 March 1933 | ||||
| Spouse | Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover
( m. 1878; died 1923) | ||||
| Issue |
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| House | Glücksburg | ||||
| Father | Christian IX of Denmark | ||||
| Mother | Louise of Hesse-Kassel | ||||
Thyra was the younger sister of Frederik VIII of Denmark, Queen Alexandra of the United Kingdom, George I of Greece, Empress Maria Feodorovna of Russia and an elder sister of Prince Valdemar of Denmark.
Birth and family
Princess Thyra Amelie Caroline Charlotte Anne was born on 29 September 1853 at the Yellow Palace in Copenhagen as the third daughter and fifth child of Prince Christian and Princess Louise of Denmark. As a child, she shared a bedroom with her elder sisters, Alexandra and Dagmar, and was taught how to sew and knit her own clothes and socks. Her family had been relatively obscure but happy until her father, Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, was chosen with the consent of the great powers to succeed his childless distant cousin, Frederick VII, to the Danish throne. Just two months before Thyra's birth, the new Act of Succession had been passed and Prince Christian given the title of Prince of Denmark.
Early life
In 1863, when Thyra was 10 years old, King Frederick VII died, and her father succeeded to the throne of Denmark as King Christian IX. Earlier the same year, her brother Vilhelm had been elected King of Greece, and her sister Alexandra had married Albert Edward, Prince of Wales. In 1866, her other sister Dagmar married the Tsarevich of Russia, Alexander.
Thyra was an attractive and gentle young woman, with dark hair and dark blue eyes, and Queen Louise wanted her youngest daughter to make a good marriage as her elder daughters had. Thyra's first suitor was King Willem III of the Netherlands, but as he was thirty-six years older than she was, she rejected him.
In her youth, Thyra had fallen in love with Vilhelm Frimann Marcher, a lieutenant in the cavalry, which resulted in a pregnancy.[1] Her brother George I of Greece suggested that she have the baby in Athens to avoid scandal; the Danish press was told Thyra had been taken ill with jaundice.[1] She gave birth to a girl, Maria, on 8 November 1871 at Schloss Glücksburg, who was adopted by Rasmus and Anne Marie Jørgensen of Odense shortly after birth and renamed Kate; she married in 1902 Frode Pløyen-Holstein and died in 1964. Marcher killed himself on 4 January 1872 after a confrontation with the King.[2]
Marriage
On 21 December/22 December 1878, she married Crown Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover, 3rd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale, at the chapel of Christiansborg Palace in Copenhagen. Ernst Augustus was the eldest child and only son of King George V of Hanover and his wife, Princess Marie of Saxe-Altenburg.
Ernest Augustus had been born as a Crown Prince of Hanover, but in 1866 his father had been deprived of his throne, when the Kingdom of Hanover was annexed by Prussia after siding with Austria in the Austro-Prussian War.
Later life
Her husband died on 14 November 1923. Thyra survived him by nine years and died in Gmunden, Upper Austria, on 26 February 1933.
Issue
The Duke and Duchess of Cumberland had six children:
| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Princess Marie Louise of Hanover and Cumberland | 11 October 1879 | 31 January 1948 | married Prince Maximilian of Baden (10 July 1867 – 6 November 1929); had issue |
| Prince George William of Hanover and Cumberland | 28 October 1880 | 20 May 1912 | |
| Princess Alexandra of Hanover and Cumberland | 29 September 1882 | 30 August 1963 | married Friedrich Franz IV, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (9 April 1882 – 17 November 1945); had issue |
| Princess Olga of Hanover and Cumberland | 11 July 1884 | 21 September 1958 | |
| Prince Christian of Hanover and Cumberland | 4 July 1885 | 3 September 1901 | |
| Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover, Duke of Brunswick | 17 November 1887 | 30 January 1953 | married Princess Viktoria Luise of Prussia (13 September 1892 – 11 December 1980); had issue |
Titles and Styles
- 29 September, 1853 - 21 December, 1858: Her Highness Princess Thyra of Denmark
- 21 December, 1858 - 21 December, 1878: Her Royal Highness Princess Thyra of Denmark
- 21 December, 1878 - 30 November, 1917: Her Royal Highness The Crown Princess of Hanover, Duchess of Brunswick, Duchess of Cumberland and Teviotdale
- 30 November, 1917 - 14 November, 1923: Her Royal Highness The Crown Princess of Hanover, Duchess of Brunswick
- 14 November, 1923 - 26 February, 1933: Her Royal Highness Dowager Crown Princess Thyra of Hanover, Dowager Duchess of Brunswick
Ancestry
References
- Bramsen, Bo. Huset Glücksborg i 150 år, 1825 6. juli-1975. Copenhagen: Forum, 1975
- DIS-Forum :: AneEfterlysning :: Prinsesse Thyras uægte barn at www.dis-danmark.dk
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Princess Thyra of Denmark. |
- Princess Thyra at the website of the Royal Danish Collection at Amalienborg Palace
Princess Thyra of Denmark House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg Cadet branch of the House of Oldenburg Born: 29 September 1853 Died: 26 February 1933 | ||
| Titles in pretence | ||
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| Preceded by Marie of Saxe-Altenburg |
— TITULAR — Queen consort of Hanover 22 December 1878 – 14 November 1923 Reason for succession failure: Hanover annexed by Prussia in 1866 |
Succeeded by Victoria Louise of Prussia |
Generations are numbered from the implementation of hereditary monarchy by Frederick III in 1660. | ||
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1 Also princess of Norway 2 Also princess of Greece 3 Also princess of Iceland 4 Not Danish princess by birth, but created princess of Denmark | ||
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