Parasyte

Parasyte (Japanese: 寄生獣, Hepburn: Kiseijū, lit. "Parasitic Beasts") is a Japanese science fiction horror manga series written and illustrated by Hitoshi Iwaaki and published in Kodansha's Morning Open Zōkan and Monthly Afternoon magazine from 1988 to 1995. The manga was published in North America by first Tokyopop, then Del Rey, and finally Kodansha Comics.

This article is about the manga series. For other uses, see Parasite (disambiguation).
Parasyte
Cover of the fourth volume of Kiseijū, featuring Shinichi Izumi and Migi
寄生獣
(Kiseijū)
Genre
Manga
Written byHitoshi Iwaaki
Published byKodansha
English publisher
Magazine
  • Morning Open Zōkan
  • (1988–1989)
  • Monthly Afternoon
  • (1990–1995)
DemographicSeinen
Original runNovember 22, 1989 – December 23, 1995
Volumes10
Anime television series
Parasyte -the maxim-
Directed by
  • Kenichi Shimizu
  • Chie Yamashiro
  • (assistant)
  • Kenichi Kawamura
  • (assistant, #10, #13, #16, #22)
Produced by
  • Toshio Nakatani
  • Hiroyuki Inage
  • Atsushi Kirimoto
  • Yuka Ōshima
  • Sōta Shioiri
  • Daisuke Fukada
Written byShōji Yonemura
Music byKen Arai
StudioMadhouse
Licensed by
Hanabee
Animatsu Entertainment
Original networkNippon TV
English network
Animax Asia
Original run October 9, 2014 – March 26, 2015
Episodes24
Live action films
Manga
Parasyte Reversi
Written byMoare Ohta
Published byKodansha
MagazineComic Days
DemographicSeinen
Original runMarch 2, 2018 – present
Volumes5

The manga has been adapted into two live-action films in Japan in 2014 and 2015 respectively. An anime television series adaptation by Madhouse, titled Parasyte -the maxim-, aired in Japan between October 2014 and March 2015. The English-language dub aired on GMA Network and Toonami block in America between October 2015 and April 2016.

Parasyte won the Kodansha Manga Award for the general category in 1993 and the Seiun Award for best manga in 1996. As of October 2014, the manga had over 11 million copies in print.

Plot
See also: List of Parasyte characters
A manga panel showing a Parasite getting ready to attack a human being.

Parasyte centers on a male 17-year-old high school student named Shinichi Izumi, who lives with his mother and father in a quiet neighborhood in Tokyo, Japan. One night, strange worm-like creatures with drills as a 'head' called Parasytes appear on Earth, taking over the brains of human hosts by entering through their ears or noses. One Parasite attempts to crawl into Shinichi's nose while he sleeps, but fails as Shinichi wakes up, and enters his body by burrowing into his hand instead. In the Japanese version, it takes over his right hand and is named Migi (ミギー), after the Japanese word for 'right'.

Because Shinichi was able to prevent Migi from travelling further up into his brain, both beings retain their separate intellect and personality. As the duo encounter other Parasites, they capitalize on their strange situation and gradually form a strong bond, working together to survive. This gives them an edge in battling other Parasites who frequently attack the pair upon realization that Shinichi's human brain is still intact. Shinichi feels compelled to fight other Parasites, who devour humans as food, while enlisting Migi's help.

Development

Iwaaki chose a high school setting due to a scene he had thought of. When considering a scene where Migi turns his shape into a penis in front of Satomi Murano, Iwaaki believed that the scene would work best in a high school setting, so Iwaaki gave Parasyte a high school setting.[5]

Media

Manga
Main article: List of Parasyte volumes

Parasyte was originally serialized in Japan in the Morning Open Zōkan[6] from 1988 and switched to Monthly Afternoon after a few issues in 1990.[6] It was collected into ten tankōbon volumes by Kodansha, and was later republished in eight kanzenban volumes.

It was originally licensed for English translation and North American distribution by Tokyopop, which published the series over 12 volumes. The Tokyopop version ran in Mixxzine.[7] Daily pages from the Tokyopop version ran in the Japanimation Station, a service accessible to users of America Online.[8] The Tokyopop English-language manga went out of print on May 2, 2005.[9] Del Rey Manga later acquired the rights to the series,[10] and published eight volumes following the kanzenban release. Kodansha Comics later republished the volumes in North America between 2011 and 2012.

Tributes and spin-off

A tribute project titled Neo Parasyte m (ネオ寄生獣, Neo Kiseijū), consisting of various one-shots written and illustrated by various manga artists, and based on the original manga to promote the then upcoming anime adaptation, began publishing on Monthly Afternoon on September 25, 2014.[11] The list of collaborators includes; Akira Hiramoto,[12] Yukari Takinami,[13] Yasushi Nirasawa,[14] Hiroki Endo,[15] Riichi Ueshiba,[16][17] Ryōji Minagawa,[18] Takatoshi Kumakura,[19] Peach-Pit,[20] Hiro Mashima,[21] Moare Ohta,[22] Takayuki Takeya and Moto Hagio.[23] The stories were collected into a single volume, published by Kodansha on July 22, 2016.[24] In North America, Kodansha USA published the volume on November 21, 2017.[25]

Another tribute project, titled Neo Parasyte f (ネオ寄生獣ｆ, Neo Kiseijū f), began in Kodansha's Aria on September 27, 2014.[26] The list of collaborators includes; MikiMaki, Miki Rinno,[26] Ema Tōyama, Hikaru Suruga,[27] Asumiko Nakamura, Kaori Yuki, Yuri Narushima, Yui Kuroe,[28] Renjuro Kindaichi, Banko Kuze, Kashio,[29] Yūki Obata, Asia Watanabe, Lalako Kojima and Hajime Shinjō.[30] Kodansha compiled the stories into two volumes, published digitally on April 24, 2015.[31][32] Kodansha USA published the stories into a single volume, released on October 25, 2016.[33]

A spin-off manga, titled Parasyte Reversi (寄生獣リバーシ, Kiseijū Ribāshi), started on Kodansha's Comic Days app on March 2, 2018. It is written and illustrated by Moare Ohta.[34]

Live-action films

Hollywood's New Line Cinema had acquired the film rights to Parasyte in 2005,[35] and a film adaptation was reported to be in the works, with Jim Henson Studios and Don Murphy allegedly in charge of production.[36] New Line Cinema's option expired in 2013, prompting a bidding war in Japan. Film studio and distributor Toho won the rights, and decided to adapt the manga into a two-part live-action film series directed by Takashi Yamazaki. The first part, Parasyte: Part 1, was released in November 2014 and the second part, Parasyte: Part 2, was released in April 2015.[37]

Anime
See also: List of Parasyte -the maxim- episodes

An anime television series adaptation titled Parasyte -the maxim- (寄生獣 セイの格率, Kiseijū Sei no Kakuritsu) aired in Japan on Nippon TV between October 9, 2014 and March 26, 2015.[38][39] It was produced by Madhouse, Nippon Television, VAP and Forecast Communications and directed by Kenichi Shimizu, with Shōji Yonemura handling series composition, Tadashi Hiramatsu designing the characters and Ken Arai composing the music.[40] The series follows Shinichi Izumi, a high school boy whose right hand becomes possessed by an alien Parasite named Migi, finding himself in a battle against other Parasites who feast on other humans. The series was simulcast by Crunchyroll outside of Asia and by Animax Asia in Southeast Asia and South Asia.[41][42][43] Sentai Filmworks has licensed the anime for North America, South America, United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand release.[44] UK Distributor Animatsu Entertainment released the series in the UK and Ireland.[45] In Australia and New Zealand, Hanabee acquired the series and released it within the region.[46] The opening theme song is "Let Me Hear" performed by Fear, and loathing in Las Vegas. The ending theme is "It's the Right Time" performed by Daichi Miura. At Anime Expo 2015, Sentai Filmworks announced that the anime would run on Adult Swim's Toonami block on October 3, 2015.[47][48] The English dub, provided and distributed by Sentai Filmworks, has been released on DVD and Blu-ray in two parts, with Part 1 (Episodes 1–12) on April 5, 2016, and Part 2 (Episodes 13–24) on July 5, 2016.

Reception

The series won the Kodansha Manga Award for general manga in 1993. It also won the Seiun Award for being the best manga of the year in 1996.[49] As of October 2014, the manga had over 11 million copies in print.[7]

The live action film Parasyte: Part 1 had grossed around ¥800 million at the Japanese box office after two weeks.[50]

China ban

On June 12, 2015, the Chinese Ministry of Culture listed Parasyte among 38 anime and manga titles banned in China.[51]

References
  1. Debruge, Peter (November 1, 2014). "Film Review: 'Parasyte: Part 1'". Variety. Retrieved April 1, 2015.
  2. Bush, Laurence (2001). Asian Horror Encyclopedia: Asian Horror Culture in Literature, Manga, and Folklore. iUniverse. p. 85. ISBN 9781469715032.
  3. Creamer, Nick (March 28, 2016). "Parasyte -the maxim- Blu-Ray - Review". Anime News Network. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
  4. "Parasyte -the maxim-". Sentai Filmworks. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
  5. Iwaaki, Hitoshi (translated by Andrew Cunningham). Parasyte Volume 5. Del Rey Manga. P. 288
  6. Iwaaki, Hitoshi (May 2007). Parasyte Vol. 1. Del Rey Manga. p. 275. ISBN 978-0-345-49624-9.
  7. Loveridge, Lynzee (October 18, 2014). "Kodansha Comics Will Reprint Iwaaki's Parasyte Manga". Anime News Network. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
  8. "Mixx Entertainment Collaborations with Central Park Media to Publisher Sailor Moon and Parasyte Comics in the Japanimation Station Section of America Online (AOL)". Mixx Entertainment. October 22, 1999. Archived from the original on October 29, 2000. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
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  10. "Comic-Con News Wrap". Anime News Network. July 24, 2006. Retrieved December 18, 2007.
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  12. Cardine, Kyle (August 23, 2014). "Me and the Devil Blues' Hiramoto to Draw Parasyte 1-Shot". Anime News Network. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
  13. 寄生獣×江古田ちゃん！トリビュート第2弾. Natalie (in Japanese). October 31, 2014. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
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  15. 遠藤浩輝「EDEN」完結より6年ぶりにアフタ帰還！「寄生獣」描くシリーズで. Natalie (in Japanese). December 25, 2014. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
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