List of active separatist movements in North America
This is a list of currently active separatist movements in North America. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:
- They are active movements with living, active members.
- They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region.
- They are the citizen/peoples of the conflict area and do not come from other countries.
Map of active separatist movements in North America
Under each region listed is one or more of the following:
- De facto state: for regions with de facto autonomy from the government
- Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state
- Proposed autonomous area: for movements toward greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession
- De facto autonomous government: for governments with de facto autonomous control over a region
- Government-in-exile: for a government based outside of the region in question, with or without control
- Political party (or parties): for political parties involved in a political system to push for autonomy or secession
- Militant organisation(s): for armed organisations (sometimes called terrorist organisations)
- Advocacy group(s): for non-belligerent, non-politically participatory entities
- Ethnic/ethno-religious/racial/regional/religious group(s)
Canada
Results of the 1995 Quebec independence referendum. 49.42% voted in favour of independence.
Regions and islands
- Ethnic group: Acadians
- Proposed state:
- Political party: Parti acadien
- Proposed state:
- Proposed state:
- Political party: BC Cascadia Party, Cascadian Independence Party
- Proposed state:
- Political party: Vancouver Island Party
- Proposed state: Western Canada
- Political party: Wexit Canada, Western Canada Independence Party
- Pressure group: Wexit
- Political party: Wexit Canada, Western Canada Independence Party
Canadian provinces
- Secessionist movements
- Proposed state:
- Political party: Wexit Party
- Proposed State:
- Regional group: Québécois people
- Proposed state:
- Civil organization: Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society, Mouvement national des Québécois et des Québécoises (MNQ), Rassemblement pour l'indépendance du Québec (RIQ), Les Intellectuels pour la souveraineté (IPSO), Mouvement de libération nationale du Québec (MLNQ), Réseau de Résistance du Québecois (RRQ)
- Labour union: Confédération des syndicats nationaux (CSN), Centrale des syndicats du Québec (CSQ), Fédération des travailleurs du Québec (FTQ), Union des artistes (UDA)
- Political party: Parti Québécois, Bloc Québécois, Québec solidaire, Marxist–Leninist Party of Quebec
- Proposed state:
- Proposed state:
- Political party: Western Independence Party of Saskatchewan
- Autonomist movements
- Proposed autonomous area:
- Political party: Freedom Conservative Party of Alberta[2], Alberta Independence Party
- Proposed autonomous area:
- Political party: Coalition Avenir Québec, Équipe Autonomiste
Denmark
Map of Greenland
- Secessionist movements
- For other movements in Denmark, see List of active separatist movements in Europe.
Greenland is geographically part of North America, but is politically connected to Europe.
- Ethnic group: Greenlandic Inuit
- Proposed state:
- Political party: Inuit Ataqatigiit, Forward, and Partii Naleraq
- Proposed state:
France
Map of Guadeloupe
Map of Martinique
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Map of Saint Barthelemy
Map of Saint Martin
- Autonomist movements or Secessionist movements
- Proposed state:
- Proposed state:
- Political party:
- Political party:
- Proposed state:
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- Political party: Saint Barth First!
- Proposed state:
Mexico
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Aridoamerica region of North America
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Ethnolinguistic regions
- Ethnic group: Norteños, Chicanos, Aridoamericanos
- Proposed States:
- Advocacies:
- Aridoamerican Identitarian Movement
- Aridoamerica Project
- (* 1953, † 2015)Charles A. Truxillo
- Political parties: None
- Related: El Bronco, Claudia Pavlovich, Javier Corral, Miguel Riquelme, FJGCDV
- Proposed States:
Mexican regions
- Ethnic group: Bajacalifornians
- Proposed state:
- Advocacies: Baja California Independence Movement
- Political parties: Baja California Republican Movement
- Movement: Baja California Independence Movement
- Militant organization: Separatist Army of the Sovereign State of Baja California
- Proposed state:
Mexican states
- Ethnic group: Sonorense
- Proposed state:
- Advocacy movements: Free Sonora, New Republic of Sonora
- Political party: Separatist Movement of the Northern States
- Proposed state:
- Ethnic group: Mexicans, Mayans
- Proposed state:
- Political party: Alliance for Yucatan Party
- Proposed state:
- Ethnic group: Mayans, Tzotzil
- De facto autonomous area:
- Political parties: Council of Good Government
- Militant organization: Zapatista Army of National Liberation
- De facto autonomous area:
Netherlands
- Autonomist movements or Secessionist movements
- Proposed state:
- Proposed state:
- Proposed state:
Nicaragua
- Ethnic group: Miskito people
- Proposed state: Communitarian Nation of Moskitia
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Nevis and the neighbour Saint Kitts island.
- Proposed state: Dominion of Nevis.
- Political parties: Nevis Reformation Party (autonomist), Concerned Citizens' Movement (secessionist)
United States
A map that shows the boundaries of The Northwest Territorial Imperative
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Ethnic, cultural, linguistic and geographical regions
- Proposed state:
- Pressure group: Cascadia Independence Movement
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- Proposed state: Confederate States of America or Southern United States or Dixie or Dixieland
- Pressure groups: League of the South, other neo-Confederate groups
- Proposed state: Republic of New Afrika
- Ethnic group: Afro-Americans
- Proposed entity: Includes Louisiana, Alabama, South Carolina, Georgia, and Mississippi
- Racial group: White Americans
- Proposed state: Northwest American Republic
- Pressure groups: White Aryan Resistance, Aryan Nations, Northwestern Imperative, [7]
- Proposed state:
- Ethnic group: Lakota people
States
- Proposed state: Republic of Alaska
- Ethnic group: Alaska Natives
- Political party: Alaskan Independence Party[8]
- Proposed state:
- Pressure groups: Yes California,[9] Californians for Independence[10]
- Political parties: California National Party[11], California Freedom Coalition
- Ethnic group: Native Hawaiians, Haoles
- Proposed state:
- Pressure groups: Nation of Hawaiʻi, Office of Hawaiian Affairs
- Political party: Hawaii Independence Party
- Proposed state:
- Proposed state:
- Pressure groups: Texas Nationalist Movement[12]
- Proposed state:
- Political party: Vermont Independence Party[13][14]
- Pressure group:
Territories
- Cultural group: Puerto Rican people
- Proposed state:
- Political party: Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP)
- Pressure group: Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, Movimiento Independentista Nacional Hostosiano (MINH), Socialist Front (FS)
- Militant organization: Boricua Popular Army (Macheteros), Cadets of the Republic
- Proposed state:
Notes
- Hawaii is not geographically in the continent of North America, but is politically part of the United States.
References
- Cecco, Leyland; Agren, David (25 November 2019). "Wexit: Alberta's frustration fuels push for independence from Canada". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
- https://www.freedomconservativeparty.ca/principles. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - Rosales, Elizabeth (16 October 2013). "Separatist Group seeks independence for Baja California Mexico". San Diego Red.
- "Independence for Nevis still on the agenda, says premier". Caribbean Net News. 2006-07-16. Archived from the original on 2006-08-08. Retrieved 2019-03-19.
- "North American Republic". Anti-Defamation League. Retrieved 2019-12-13.
- "Nazi and Neo-Nazi Flags in the United States, Northwest Front, Flags of the World".
- Gardell, Mattias (2003-06-27). Gods of the Blood: The Pagan Revival and White Separatism. Duke University Press. pp. 112–13. ISBN 9780822330592.
- "Alaskan Independence Party".
- http://www.yescalifornia.org/. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - http://CaforIndependence.co. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - https://californianational.party. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - http://www.thetnm.org/. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - "Vt. Independence Party to meet in Montpelier". WCAX-TV News. September 12, 2012.
- "Vermont Independence Party convention". Seven Days newspaper. September 2012.
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