Huelva (Congress of Deputies constituency)

Huelva is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency currently elects five deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Huelva. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Huelva
Congress of Deputies
Electoral Constituency
Location of Huelva within Spain
ProvinceHuelva
Autonomous communityAndalusia
Population521,870 (2019)[1]
Electorate399,019 (Nov 2019)
Major settlementsHuelva
Current constituency
Created1977
Seats5
Member(s)
  •      PSOE (3)
  •      Vox (1)
  •      PP (1)

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies,[2] with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales.[3]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over eighteen and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over twenty-one and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado).[4] 348 seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with a threshold of three percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Parties not reaching the threshold are not taken into consideration for seat distribution. Each provincial constituency is entitled to an initial minimum of two seats, with the remaining 248 being distributed in proportion to their populations. Ceuta and Melilla are allocated the two remaining seats, which are elected using plurality voting.[3][5][6] The use of the D'Hondt method may result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude.[7]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one-thousandth of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.[5][6]

Deputies

Deputies 1977–present
Legislature Election Distribution
Constituent 1977
2 3
1st 1979
2 3
2nd 1982
4 1
3rd 1986
4 1
4th 1989
4 1
5th 1993
3 2
6th 1996
3 2
7th 2000
3 2
8th 2004
3 2
9th 2008
3 2
10th 2011
2 3
11th 2015
1 2 2
12th 2016
1 2 2
13th 2019 (Apr)
1 2 1 1
14th 2019 (Nov)
3 1 1

Elections

November 2019 general election

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 91,65636.56–0.39 3+1
Vox (Vox) 52,48520.94+8.12 1+1
People's Party (PP) 49,45219.73+2.76 1±0
United We Can (PodemosIULV–CA) 30,38912.12–0.88 0–1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 18,3827.33–9.62 0–1
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,5351.01–0.19 0±0
Andalusia by Herself (AxSí) 8560.34+0.02 0±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 4950.20–0.04 0±0
Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 4640.19–0.14 0±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 3510.14New 0±0
Communist Party of the Andalusian Party (PCPA) 1590.06–0.04 0±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 1120.04New 0±0
Blank ballots 3,3451.33+0.23
Total 250,681 5±0
Valid votes 250,68198.18–0.17
Invalid votes 4,6481.82+0.17
Votes cast / turnout 255,32963.99–3.67
Abstentions 143,69036.01+3.67
Registered voters 399,019
Sources[8]

April 2019 general election

Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 97,76636.95+1.11 2±0
People's Party (PP) 44,90916.97–16.37 1–1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 44,84216.95+5.28 1+1
United We Can (PodemosIULV–CAEquo) 34,39613.00–3.28 1±0
Vox (Vox) 33,92012.82+12.66 0±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 3,1821.20+0.04 0±0
Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 8710.33New 0±0
Andalusia by Herself (AxSí) 8560.32New 0±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 6460.24+0.05 0±0
Communist Party of the Andalusian Party (PCPA) 2720.10–0.04 0±0
Blank ballots 2,9091.10+0.07
Total 264,569 5±0
Valid votes 264,56998.35–0.27
Invalid votes 4,4301.65+0.27
Votes cast / turnout 268,99967.66+4.73
Abstentions 128,59332.34–4.73
Registered voters 397,592
Sources[9]

2016 general election

Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 88,10035.84–1.07 2±0
People's Party (PP) 81,95933.34+4.64 2±0
United We Can for Andalusia (PodemosIUEquo)1 40,02316.28–3.49 1±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 28,68511.67–0.21 0±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,8501.16+0.24 0±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 4700.19+0.06 0±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 4640.19–0.20 0±0
Vox (Vox) 3980.16–0.02 0±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 3440.14+0.02 0±0
Blank ballots 2,5261.03+0.10
Total 245,819 5±0
Valid votes 245,81998.62–0.21
Invalid votes 3,4501.38+0.21
Votes cast / turnout 249,26962.93–3.20
Abstentions 146,84837.07+3.20
Registered voters 396,117
Sources[10]

2015 general election

Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 95,63736.91–3.63 2±0
People's Party (PP) 74,35328.70–15.19 2–1
We Can (Podemos) 39,43515.22New 1+1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 30,77611.88New 0±0
United Left/Greens–Assembly for AndalusiaPopular Unity (IULV–CA–UPeC) 11,7864.55–2.48 0±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,3850.92+0.61 0±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 1,0140.39–3.04 0±0
Vox (Vox) 4600.18New 0±0
Zero CutsGreen Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 3360.13New 0±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 3070.12–0.05 0±0
National Democracy (DN) 1920.07–0.04 0±0
Blank ballots 2,4090.93–0.36
Total 259,090 5±0
Valid votes 259,09098.83+0.06
Invalid votes 3,0611.17–0.06
Votes cast / turnout 262,15166.13–1.80
Abstentions 134,26433.87+1.80
Registered voters 396,415
Sources[11]

2011 general election

Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 115,65143.89+8.89 3+1
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 106,83540.54–15.13 2–1
United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia: Plural Left (IULV–CA) 18,5327.03+2.11 0±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 9,0483.43+2.57 0±0
Andalusian Party (PA)1 4,9921.89+0.36 0±0
Equo (Equo) 2,0010.76New 0±0
Blank Seats (EB) 9170.35New 0±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 8210.31+0.18 0±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 4440.17+0.09 0±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 3090.12+0.04 0±0
National Democracy (DN) 2960.11+0.04 0±0
Republicans (RPS) 2490.09New 0±0
Blank ballots 3,4121.29+0.32
Total 263,507 5±0
Valid votes 263,50798.77–0.56
Invalid votes 3,2811.23+0.56
Votes cast / turnout 266,78867.93–1.98
Abstentions 125,96732.07+1.98
Registered voters 392,755
Sources[12]

2008 general election

Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 149,49455.67–0.52 3±0
People's Party (PP) 93,98435.00+4.41 2±0
United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia–Alternative (IULV–CA) 13,2104.92–0.57 0±0
Andalusian Coalition (CA)1 4,1101.53–4.14 0±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 2,3190.86New 0±0
The Greens (Verdes) 7210.27New 0±0
Social Democratic Party (PSD) 4330.16New 0±0
Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 3500.13New 0±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 2100.08New 0±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 2070.08+0.08 0±0
National Democracy (DN) 2000.07+0.03 0±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 1670.06New 0±0
Family and Life Party (PFyV) 1210.05New 0±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 1130.04+0.01 0±0
Humanist Party (PH) 1090.04–0.03 0±0
Spain 2000 (E–2000) 990.04New 0±0
Spanish Alternative (AES) 810.03New 0±0
Blank ballots 2,6030.97–0.49
Total 268,531 5±0
Valid votes 268,53199.33+0.02
Invalid votes 1,8040.67–0.02
Votes cast / turnout 270,33569.91–3.29
Abstentions 116,33730.09+3.29
Registered voters 386,672
Sources[13]

2004 general election

Summary of the 14 March 2004 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 154,57956.19+9.31 3±0
People's Party (PP) 84,17330.59–9.57 2±0
United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia (IULV–CA) 15,0975.49–0.92 0±0
Andalusian Party (PA) 14,5425.29+0.56 0±0
Socialist Party of Andalusia (PSA) 1,0550.38New 0±0
Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB) 3510.13New 0±0
Party of Precarious Workers (PTPRE) 2480.09New 0±0
Humanist Party (PH) 1900.07±0.00 0±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 1620.06+0.01 0±0
Andalusia Assembly (A) 1500.05–0.01 0±0
Republican Left (IR) 1450.05New 0±0
National Democracy (DN) 1160.04New 0±0
The Phalanx (FE) 930.03–0.01 0±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)1 910.03±0.00 0±0
Authentic Phalanx (FA) 680.02New 0±0
Republican Social Movement (MSR) 520.02New 0±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 00.00New 0±0
Blank ballots 4,0091.46+0.30
Total 275,121 5±0
Valid votes 275,12199.31+0.07
Invalid votes 1,9070.69–0.07
Votes cast / turnout 277,02873.20+6.60
Abstentions 101,40026.80–6.60
Registered voters 378,428
Sources[14]

2000 general election

Summary of the 12 March 2000 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' PartyProgressives (PSOE–p) 115,07146.88–5.27 3±0
People's Party (PP) 98,57540.16+6.26 2±0
United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia (IULV–CA) 15,7296.41–3.80 0±0
Andalusian Party (PA) 11,6134.73+2.04 0±0
Andalusian Left (IA) 4460.18New 0±0
Andalusian Nation (NA) 1890.08±0.00 0±0
Humanist Party (PH) 1750.07+0.01 0±0
Andalusia Assembly (A) 1410.06New 0±0
Spain 2000 Platform (ES2000) 1380.06New 0±0
Natural Law Party (PLN) 1280.05New 0±0
Democratic and Social Centre–Centrist Union (CDS–UC) 1190.05–0.01 0±0
The Phalanx (FE) 970.04New 0±0
Spanish Democratic Party (PADE) 970.04New 0±0
Independent Spanish Phalanx–Phalanx 2000 (FEI–FE 2000) 760.03New 0±0
Blank ballots 2,8581.16+0.50
Total 245,452 5±0
Valid votes 245,45299.24+0.09
Invalid votes 1,8910.76–0.09
Votes cast / turnout 247,34366.60–8.71
Abstentions 124,01833.40+8.71
Registered voters 371,361
Sources[15]

1996 general election

Summary of the 3 March 1996 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSOE–A) 138,25952.15–3.71 3±0
People's Party (PP) 89,88233.90+4.59 2±0
United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia (IULV–CA) 27,06010.21+1.16 0±0
Andalusian Party (PA)1 7,1292.69–0.85 0±0
Communist Party of the Andalusian People (PCPA) 2460.09–0.03 0±0
Andalusian Nation (NA) 2150.08New 0±0
Humanist Party (PH) 1720.06+0.04 0±0
Centrist Union (UC) 1670.06–0.78 0±0
Workers' Revolutionary Party (PRT) 1430.05New 0±0
Authentic Spanish Phalanx (FEA) 950.04New 0±0
Blank ballots 1,7580.66+0.18
Total 265,126 5±0
Valid votes 265,12699.15–0.51
Invalid votes 2,2640.85+0.51
Votes cast / turnout 267,39075.31+2.34
Abstentions 87,65724.69–2.34
Registered voters 355,047
Sources[16]

1993 general election

Summary of the 6 June 1993 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSOE–A) 138,44555.86–2.68 3–1
People's Party (PP) 72,64029.31+9.73 2+1
United Left–Assembly for Andalusia (IU–CA) 22,4399.05+1.31 0±0
Andalusian Party (PA) 7,4543.01–2.04 0±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 2,0930.84–3.84 0±0
Andalusian Progress Party (PAP) 1,3040.53New 0±0
The Greens of Andalusia (Verdes) 1,1610.47–0.05 0±0
Liberal Independent Group (GIL) 6760.27New 0±0
The Ecologists (LE) 5380.22–0.33 0±0
Ruiz-Mateos GroupEuropean Democratic Alliance (ARM–ADE) 3920.16–1.37 0±0
Communist Party of the Andalusian People (PCPA) 2900.12±0.00 0±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 1090.04–0.06 0±0
Natural Law Party (PLN) 900.04New 0±0
Humanist Party (PH) 580.02–0.05 0±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 00.00New 0±0
Blank ballots 1,1850.48+0.03
Total 247,841 5±0
Valid votes 247,84199.66+0.15
Invalid votes 8410.34–0.15
Votes cast / turnout 248,68272.97+6.89
Abstentions 92,12327.03–6.89
Registered voters 340,805
Sources[17]

1989 general election

Summary of the 29 October 1989 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSOE–A) 123,12658.54–3.68 4±0
People's Party (PP)1 41,17319.58–1.79 1±0
United Left–Assembly for Andalusia (IU–CA) 16,2787.74+2.46 0±0
Andalusian Party (PA) 10,6185.05+2.71 0±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 9,8464.68–1.06 0±0
Ruiz-Mateos Group (Ruiz-Mateos) 3,2231.53New 0±0
The Ecologist Greens (LVE) 1,1570.55New 0±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 1,1480.55New 0±0
The Greens–Green List (LV–LV) 1,0960.52New 0±0
Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity (PTE–UC)2 9980.47–0.43 0±0
Communist Party of the Andalusian People (PCPA) 2620.12New 0±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 2050.10–0.07 0±0
Humanist Party (PH) 1510.07New 0±
Centrist Unity–Democratic Spanish Party (PED) 980.05New 0±0
Blank ballots 9400.45+0.01
Total 210,319 5±0
Valid votes 210,31999.51+1.12
Invalid votes 1,0320.49–1.12
Votes cast / turnout 211,35166.08–1.69
Abstentions 108,51333.92+1.69
Registered voters 319,864
Sources[18]

1986 general election

Summary of the 22 June 1986 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 130,38662.22–1.14 4±0
People's Coalition (APPDPPL)1 44,77821.37+0.58 1±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 12,0345.74+4.38 0±0
United Left (IU)2 11,0685.28+1.66 0±0
Andalusian Party (PA) 4,9102.34+0.63 0±0
Communists' Unity Board (MUC) 1,8890.90New 0±0
Democratic Reformist Party (PRD) 1,6980.81New 0±0
Socialist Party of the Andalusian People (PSPA) 1,0410.50New 0±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 4450.21+0.09 0±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 3610.17New 0±0
Blank ballots 9310.44+0.18
Total 209,541 5±0
Valid votes 209,54198.39–0.26
Invalid votes 3,4251.61+0.26
Votes cast / turnout 212,96667.77–9.61
Abstentions 101,28032.23+9.61
Registered voters 314,246
Sources[19]

1982 general election

Summary of the 28 October 1982 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSA–PSOE) 139,42063.36+27.95 4+2
People's Alliance–People's Democratic Party (APPDP)1 45,75520.79+17.49 1+1
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 17,1747.80–29.49 0–3
Communist Party of Andalusia (PCA–PCE) 7,9763.62–3.38 0±0
Socialist Party of Andalusia–Andalusian Party (PSA–PA) 3,7521.71–7.90 0±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 3,0031.36New 0±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 8120.37New 0±0
New Force (FN)2 6960.32–1.31 0±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 2660.12New 0±0
Spanish Solidarity (SE) 2590.12New 0±0
Communist Unity Candidacy (CUC)3 2380.11–0.18 0±0
Falangist Movement of Spain (MFE) 1370.06New 0±0
Socialist Party (PS)4 00.00–1.09 0±0
Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) 00.00–0.39 0±0
Communist Movement of Andalusia (MCA) 00.00–0.27 0±0
Blank ballots 5630.26+0.08
Total 220,051 5±0
Valid votes 220,05198.65–0.23
Invalid votes 3,0191.35+0.23
Votes cast / turnout 223,07077.38+11.26
Abstentions 65,21522.62–11.26
Registered voters 288,285
Sources[20]

1979 general election

Summary of the 1 March 1979 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 68,75637.29–10.50 3±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1 65,30235.41–0.90 2±0
Socialist Party of Andalusia–Andalusian Party (PSA–PA) 17,7209.61New 0±0
Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 12,9137.00+1.54 0±0
Democratic Coalition (CD)2 6,0803.30–1.73 0±0
Workers' Revolutionary Organization (ORT)3 4,3302.35+0.76 0±0
National Union (UN) 3,0101.63New 0±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (historical) (PSOEh)4 2,0091.09–0.09 0±0
Party of Labour of Spain (PTE)5 1,0990.60+0.07 0±0
Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) 7180.39New 0±0
Workers' Communist Party (PCT) 5390.29New 0±0
Communist MovementOrganization of Communist Left (MC–OIC) 5050.27New 0±0
Communist Organization of Spain (Red Flag) (OCE–BR) 3930.21New 0±0
Carlist Party (PC) 3750.20New 0±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (Authentic) (FE–JONS(A)) 3140.17New 0±0
Union for the Freedom of Speech (ULE) 90.00New 0±0
Blank ballots 3320.18+0.02
Total 184,404 5±0
Valid votes 184,40498.88+0.31
Invalid votes 2,0941.12–0.31
Votes cast / turnout 186,49866.12–8.21
Abstentions 95,57733.88+8.21
Registered voters 282,075
Sources[21]

1977 general election

Summary of the 15 June 1977 Congress of Deputies election results in Huelva
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 89,49447.79n/a 3n/a
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 63,17233.74n/a 2n/a
Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 10,2175.46n/a 0n/a
People's Alliance (AP) 9,4155.03n/a 0n/a
People's Socialist PartySocialist Unity (PSP–US) 4,8192.57n/a 0n/a
Workers' Electoral Group (AET) 2,9741.59n/a 0n/a
Federation of Christian Democracy (FPDID) 2,6041.39n/a 0n/a
Democratic Socialist Alliance (ASDCI) 2,2141.18n/a 0n/a
Spanish Social Reform (RSE) 1,0590.57n/a 0n/a
Democratic Left Front (FDI) 9880.53n/a 0n/a
Blank ballots 2950.16n/a
Total 187,251 5n/a
Valid votes 187,25198.57n/a
Invalid votes 2,7101.43n/a
Votes cast / turnout 189,96174.33n/a
Abstentions 65,59625.67n/a
Registered voters 255,557
Sources[22]

References

  1. "Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero. Población por provincias y por sexo". ine.es (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  2. "Ley 1/1977, de 4 de enero, para la Reforma Política". Law No. 1 of 4 January 1977. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 December 2016.
  3. "Constitución Española". Act of 29 December 1978. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 December 2016.
  4. Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  5. "Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales". Royal Decree-Law No. 20 of 18 March 1977. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 December 2019.
  6. "Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General". Organic Law No. 5 of 19 June 1985. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  7. Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  8. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. November 2019. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  9. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. April 2019. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  10. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 2016. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  11. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. December 2015. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  12. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. November 2011. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  13. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 2008. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  14. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 2004. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  15. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 2000. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  16. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 1996. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  17. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 1993. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  18. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. October 1989. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  19. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 1986. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  20. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. October 1982. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  21. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. March 1979. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  22. "Electoral Results Consultation. Congress. June 1977. Huelva". www.infoelectoral.mir.es (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 24 September 2017.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.