Gauley River

The Gauley River is a 105-mile-long (169 km)[3] river in West Virginia. It merges with the New River to form the Kanawha River, a tributary of the Ohio River. The river features numerous recreational whitewater areas, including those in Gauley River National Recreation Area downstream of the Summersville Dam.

Gauley River
Sweet's Falls on the Gauley River
Location
CountryUnited States
StateWest Virginia
CountiesRandolph, Webster, Nicholas, Fayette
Physical characteristics
SourceNorth Fork Gauley River
 • locationGauley Mountain, Pocahontas County, WV
 • coordinates38°25′42″N 80°10′22″W
 • elevation4,000 ft (1,200 m)
2nd sourceSouth Fork Gauley River
 • locationPocahontas County, WV
 • coordinates38°22′43″N 80°12′52″W
 • elevation3,937 ft (1,200 m)
3rd sourceMiddle Fork Gauley River
 • locationPocahontas County, WV
 • coordinates38°23′21″N 80°11′29″W
 • elevation3,844 ft (1,172 m)
Source confluenceThree Forks of Gauley
 • locationWebster County, WV
 • coordinates38°24′33″N 80°14′17″W
 • elevation2,917 ft (889 m)
MouthKanawha River[1]
 • location
Gauley Bridge, WV
 • coordinates
38°09′42″N 81°11′47″W
 • elevation
660 ft (200 m)
Discharge 
 • locationBelva, WV[2]
 • average2,680 cu ft/s (76 m3/s)[2]
 • minimum341 cu ft/s (9.7 m3/s)(1976)
 • maximum12,900 cu ft/s (370 m3/s)(1987)
Basin features
Tributaries 
 • leftWilliams River, Cranberry River, Meadow River

Headwaters and course

The Gauley rises in the Monongahela National Forest on Gauley Mountain in Pocahontas County as three streams, the North, Middle, and South Forks, each of which flows across the southern extremity of Randolph County; they converge in Webster County. The river then flows generally west-southwestwardly through Webster, Nicholas and Fayette counties, past the towns of Camden-on-Gauley and Summersville, to the town of Gauley Bridge, where it joins the New River to form the Kanawha River. Via the Kanawha and Ohio rivers, it is part of the Mississippi River watershed.

Tributaries

The Gauley's largest tributaries all flow into the main river from the east (flowing in a westerly direction) and are described as follows:

Dams

In Nicholas County, the Gauley is impounded by the Summersville Dam, a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dam, to form Summersville Lake. The Gauley River National Recreation Area is downstream of the dam.

Whitewater paddling

The Gauley is run year-round by recreational boaters and from spring to fall by commercial rafting companies. During the majority of the year, boating is dependent on water level, which fluctuates dramatically depending on rainfall and the level of Summersville Lake. However, starting the Friday after Labor Day, the Army Corps of Engineers provides a series of twenty-two controlled releases[4] for the express purpose of downriver recreation. These releases are collectively known as "Gauley Season" and are scheduled on six successive weekends, the first five of which are four-day weekends (Friday through Monday) and the last of which is just Saturday and Sunday. Typical release levels during "Gauley Season" range from 2,400 to 2,800 ft³/s (68 to 79 m³/s).

These releases are the result of an act of the U.S. Congress, the first law passed in the U.S. to specifically mandate recreational whitewater dam releases. The releases bring millions of dollars annually to the local economy, as paddlers travel from all over the United States and overseas for this event.

History

The Gauley area was the site of the Battle of Carnifex Ferry on September 10, 1861, a Union victory in the American Civil War.

Name
Anglers fish for rainbow and brown trout on the Gauley River.

The Gauley River's name most likely is derived from Gaul (literally "river of the Gauls"), a historical region of Europe including most of current day France, from the time when West Virginia was part of New France before the French and Indian War.[5]

Historically, the river has had various Indian names, variant spellings of Gaul/Gauley as well as Falling/Falls Creek.

See also
  • List of West Virginia rivers

References
  1. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Gauley River
  2. United States Geological Survey; USGS 03192000 GAULEY RIVER ABOVE BELVA, WV; retrieved April 19, 2008.
  3. "The National Map". U.S. Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 2012-04-05. Retrieved Feb 17, 2011.
  4. "Water Management - Huntington District - U.S. Army Corps of Engineers". US Army Corps of Engineers. Retrieved 24 Jan 2016.
  5. Kenny, Hamill (1945). West Virginia Place Names: Their Origin and Meaning, Including the Nomenclature of the Streams and Mountains. Piedmont, WV: The Place Name Press. p. 263.
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