Franklin Square (Washington, D.C.)

Franklin Square is a square in downtown Washington, D.C. Purportedly named after Benjamin Franklin, it is bounded by K Street NW to the north, 13th Street NW on the east, I Street NW on the south, and 14th Street NW on the west. It is served by the McPherson Square station of the Washington Metro, which is located just southwest of the park.

Commodore John Barry (Boyle) is located on Franklin Square's western border. One Franklin Square, the tallest commercial building in Washington, D.C., is visible in the background.

Features

The park is partially terraced, and slopes uphill from I Street to K Street. There are many large trees, a significant quantity of grass, many benches, and a fountain in the center of the park. There is also a statue of Commodore John Barry on the west side of the park, dedicated in 1914.

History

According to the D.C. Preservation League, Franklin Square was originally the site of several natural springs. The 1791 L’Enfant Plan did not single out the square now occupied by Franklin Park for any special use and it wasn't until 1832 that the government purchased the square and it was turned into a park. There is no definitive proof that the park was named for Benjamin Franklin, as is often assumed.[1]

During the Civil War, the park served as an encampment for soldiers. Men "gathered about the park's famous old springs; here could be heard bugle-calls and sentry orders, and also presently the moans of passing wounded soldiers."[2]

The park remained largely unimproved until the 1870s. Landscaping, benches, and paths were added at that time, and in the 1800s. The park's last major renovation came in 1935, when the Public Works Administration gave the city $75,000 to improve Franklin Square. The fountain, a flagstone plaza, a geometric system of concrete pathways, and new trees were planted. Although a major refurbishment of the paths, fountain, and plaza occurred in 1976 as part of the United States Bicentennial, the park in 2013 looks as it did in 1935.[3]

The 4.79 acres (19,400 m2) that comprise Franklin Square are managed by the National Park Service.[4] By 2012, the square was in significant need of repair. The pathways were broken, workers in nearby buildings had worn paths through the grass to cut across the square more efficiently, and large numbers of homeless individuals camped there. In March 2013, the D.C. government issued a request for proposals (RFP) to redesign Franklin Square so that it could accommodate multiple recreational activities. The RFP requested that any redesign include flexible (rather than fixed) seating, food kiosks, public restrooms, and an enhanced landscape design (especially on the borders of the park). The city set aside $300,000 for the design work.[3]

In August 2020, Franklin Square was closed down for renovation. The renovation is slated to cut down and replace 63 trees and will involve new landscaping, new flexible seating, food kiosks, art exhibit space, and public restrooms.[5]

Historic buildings bordering Franklin Square

Across 13th Street on the east side of the square is the historic Franklin School, which was a model of advanced design in its day and the scene of Alexander Graham Bell's first wireless message. On June 3, 1880, Bell sent a message over a beam of light to a window in a building at 1325 L Street, NW.[6] Until recently the school served as a homeless shelter. The remaining residents were evicted on September 26, 2008, and the building is now vacant.[7] Clara Barton, founder of the American Red Cross maintained a residence adjacent to the park at 1326 I Street, where she held the first official meeting of the relief organization in May 1881.[8]

One Franklin Square (1301 K St. NW), directly north of the square, is a relatively new building (1989) that became home to The Washington Post in late 2015.[9]

References
  1. National Park Service Cultural Landscape Inventory: Franklin Park. National Park Service. 2011 [2005]. pp. 24–25.
  2. Latimer, Louise Payson (1924). Your Washington and Mine. Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 74.
  3. Neibauer, Michael. "D.C. Plans Transformation of Franklin Park." Washington Business Journal. March 14, 2013, accessed 2013-03-15.
  4. National Park Service Cultural Landscape Inventory: Franklin Park. National Park Service. 2011 [2005]. pp. 12–13.
  5. Moyer, Justin (August 8, 2020). "For a D.C. park to be reborn, 63 trees must die before others take their place". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 8, 2020.
  6. "Franklin Square, National Register of Historic Places". National Park Service. 2009.
  7. Harris, Hamil R.; Stewart, Nikita (October 8, 2008). "Barry Delays Bill After Bickering Highlights Council Divide". Washington Post. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
  8. "History". American Red Cross, Clara Barton Chapter # 1. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2011-08-29.
  9. O'Connell, Jonathan (September 4, 2015). "Inside the wild ride that landed The Washington Post on K Street". The Washington Post. Retrieved September 5, 2015.
  10. "Marvelous Masers: Charles Townes". Smithsonian Institution. 2005. Archived from the original on 2008-12-04.

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