Cyclone Funa

Severe Tropical Cyclone Funa (RSMC Nadi designation: 10F, JTWC designation: 12P) was the second strongest tropical cyclone during the 2007–08 South Pacific cyclone season, causing heavy flood and wind damage to areas of Vanuatu. The third tropical cyclone and second severe tropical cyclone of the season to form to the west of 160°E, Funa formed from an area of disturbed weather within the monsoon trough northeast of Vanuatu on January 16, 2008. Steadily intensifying as it moved to the east and subsequently south, Funa reached peak intensity with 10-minute sustained winds of 175 km/h (110 mph). However, the cyclone encountered unfavorable conditions as it progressed further south, before transitioning into an extratropical cyclone on January 21.

Severe Tropical Cyclone Funa
Category 4 severe tropical cyclone (Aus scale)
Category 3 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
Cyclone Funa at peak intensity
FormedJanuary 15, 2008 (2008-01-15)
DissipatedJanuary 21, 2008 (2008-01-22)
Highest winds10-minute sustained: 175 km/h (110 mph)
1-minute sustained: 195 km/h (120 mph)
Lowest pressure930 hPa (mbar); 27.46 inHg
FatalitiesNone reported
Areas affectedNew Zealand, Vanuatu
Part of the 2007–08 South Pacific cyclone season

Cyclone Funa severely affected areas of Vanuatu, especially to the island chain's infrastructure. Regions of the coast were also inundated by sea flooding caused by strong storm surge associated with Funa. Offshore, the cruise ship Pacific Star sustained heavy damage from the cyclone's strong waves. The cyclone's remnants later caused strong winds in New Zealand, resulting in power outages and fires.

Meteorological history
Map plotting the track and the intensity of the storm, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale

On January 15 the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in Nadi, Fiji (RSMC Nadi) and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC), reported that a tropical depression had developed within a monsoon trough, about 700 km (435 mi) to the northeast of Port Vila on the Vanuatuan island of Efate.[1][2][3] During that day the depression moved eastwards and gradually developed further, before as vertical windshear slackened a little, the JTWC and RSMC Nadi reported that the depression had developed into a tropical cyclone with the later naming it as Funa at 0600 UTC on January 16.[1][4]

The cyclone then started to move eastwards, and early on the 17th passed near the northern tip of Aurora Island, Vanuatu with wind speeds of 55 knots (102 km/h), making Funa a category two cyclone on the Australian scale.[5] After leaving Vanuatu, Funa intensified slowly becoming a Category 3 severe tropical cyclone on January 18 and then early the next day it reached its peak wind speeds of 95 knots (176 km/h) which is the same as a Category 4 cyclone according to the Southern Pacific Cyclone Scale.[6][7] The JTWC measured Funa's peak winds at 105 knots (194 km/h).[8] The storm then moved into TCWC Wellington area of responsibility it started to weaken and then became extratropical the next day with the JTWC issuing their final advisory on January 20, with TCWC Wellington downgrading it to a low later that day.[5][9]


Preparations and impact

Severe damage occurred over the groups of islands in the Torba, Sanma, and Penama provinces of Vanuatu, particularly on dwellings (made of local material), trees, and crops. Over the Banks Islands, coastal villages were reported to have been inundated by sea flooding, including in Maewo. On Motalava and Rah Island, as well as Gaua in Santa Maria Island, bungalows, resorts, and restaurants along the coast were either washed away or inundated by sea flooding, according to their provincial council reports. Most schools in the Torba and Penama provinces sustained major damages to classrooms and other semi-permanent structures, while other buildings had their roofs ripped off. There were no reports of any fatalities but minor casualties were confirmed.

On January 19, a cruise ship, the Pacific Star, encountered 7 metre (22.9 ft) waves produced by Funa. Numerous windows were broken on the ship as it was tossed around by the waves. Water poured into passengers rooms through broken windows, causing panic throughout the ship. Five people were injured, one of whom sustained a broken rib after falling out of bed when a wave hit the ship. The bar area of the ship was reportedly significantly damaged and dishes and glasses were shattered in the kitchen.[10]

The remnants of Funa produced high winds in the North Island of New Zealand which knocked down numerous trees, cutting power to 16,000 residents on the island. Downed power lines sparked several fires.[11] Waves up to 5 m (16.4 ft) impacted coastal regions of New Zealand, forcing boaters to remain in port.[12] Upwards of 300 mm (11.8 in) of rain fell across parts of New Zealand and gale-force winds fanned brushfires.[13]

After the season had ended, it was announced that Cyclone Funa had been retired from RSMC Nadi's list of tropical cyclone names, and would be replaced by Fotu.[14]

See also

References
  1. RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre; Fiji Meteorological Service (2008-12-08). Tropical Cyclone Seasonal Summary 2007-08 (Report). World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 2012-02-26.
  2. Fiji Meteorological Service; Meteorological Service of New Zealand Limited (2009-05-22). "RSMC Nadi Best Track Data for the 2007/2008 Season". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2012-01-28.
  3. Joint Typhoon Warning Centre (2009). "Tropical Cyclone 12P (Funa) best track analysis". United States Air Force, United States Navy. Retrieved 2018-01-23.
  4. RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (2008-01-16). "Tropical Cyclone Funa forms near Vanuatu" (PDF) (Press release). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-29. Retrieved 2012-02-29.
  5. "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary (January)". Gary Padgett. Retrieved 2008-07-29.
  6. "Tropical Disturbance Advisory 19-01-2008 12z". Fiji Meteorological Service. Retrieved 2008-08-21.
  7. "Tropical Disturbance Summary 18-01-2008 00z". Fiji Meteorological Service. Retrieved 2008-08-21.
  8. "JTWC TC12P warning 6". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on January 19, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-21.
  9. "JTWC TC12P warning 9". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on January 20, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-21.
  10. Beck Vass (January 23, 2008). "Chaos and screams as cyclone hits cruise ship". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
  11. Staff Writer (January 23, 2008). "Powerco blames trees for power cuts". Television New Zealand Limited. Retrieved March 30, 2009.
  12. Staff Writer (January 20, 2008). "Cyclone causes havoc in Northland". Television New Zealand Limited. Retrieved March 30, 2009.
  13. Staff Writer (December 20, 2008). "The weather over the past four seasons". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved March 30, 2009.
  14. Fiji Meteorological Service (August 12, 2008). "Seasonal Summuary 2007-08" (PDF). World Meteorological Organisation. Retrieved 2008-09-28.
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