Ash-Shu'ara

Ash-Shu‘arā’[1] (ِArabic: الْشُّعَرَاء, "The Poets") is the 26th chapter (sūrah) of the Qurʾan with 227 verses (āyāt). Many of these verses are very short. The chapter is named from the word Ash-Shu'ara in ayat 224.[2]

"Q26" redirects here. For the bus service, see Q26 (New York City bus).
Sura 26 of the Quran
الشعراء
Ash-Shuʻarāʼ
The Poets
ClassificationMeccan
PositionJuzʼ 19
Hizb no.37
No. of Rukus11
No. of verses227
Quran
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The chapter talks about various prophets and their tribes. Also how the disbelievers were destroyed after threatening prophets with death. It also talks about the mercy of God (Allah). This surah starts with the story of Moses, followed by that of Abraham.

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca. The topic and the style appear, and the traditions affirm, that it was uncovered during the center Makkan period. As indicated by Ibn Abbas, Surah Ta-Ha was uncovered first, at that point Surah Al-Waqiah, and afterward Surah Ash-Shu'ara.[3].

Principal Subjects

The significant issues, divine laws, and direction revealed in the surah can be listed as follows:-

  1. God's address to Muhammad that he ought not fuss himself to death with distress for the individuals' disbelief.
  2. Story of Moses, Pharoah, and redemption of the offspring of Israel.
  3. Story of Ibrahim and his contentions against idol worshippers.
  4. The way that the idolaters and their false-deities will both be toppled into hellfire.
  5. Accounts of Prophets Noah, Lot, Hud, Saleh, Shuaib and their people.
  6. Qur'an is uncovered in the Arabic language
  7. Satan plunge on those corrupt delinquents who tune in to gossip and are liars.

Notable verses

26:214 Warning Verse
Main article: Warning Verse

And warn, O Muhammad, your closest kindred.[1]:26:214

Exegesis

The foundation of the chapter 26 is that the disbelievers of Makkah were in constant refusal to acknowledge the message of Islam given by Muhammad, stating that he did not provide evidence to support his claim to prophethood. They would mark him as a poet or a magician, mock his message and disparage his Mission. This situation was making incredible anguish and despondency for Muhammad.

The Chapter starts with uplifting statements to Muhammad, inferring,

For what reason do you fuss for their sake? If these individuals have not had believed in you, its because they are stubborn, not the lack of signs for them. They won't yield to common sense they need to see a Sign which makes them bow their heads in inquietude. When this Sign appears at the appropriate time of time, they will themselves understand that what was being introduced to them was the Truth.[4]

After this discourse, up to verse 191, very much the same topic has been introduced persistently, and it is stated:

The entire earth possesses large amounts of such Signs as can bring a truth-searcher to The Reality, yet the obstinate and misguided individuals have never accepted significantly in the wake of seeing the Signs, regardless of whether these were the Indications of the natural phenomena or the miracles of the Prophets. These pathetic individuals have determinedly clung to their wrong statements of faith till the Divine scourge really overwhelmed them."[5]

Hadith about Ash-Shu'ara

The first and foremost exegesis/tafsir of the Qur'an is found in hadith of Muhammad.[6] Ḥadīth (حديث) is literally "speech" or "report", that is a recorded saying or tradition of Muhammad validated by isnad; with Sirah Rasul Allah these comprise the sunnah and reveal shariah. According to Aishah,[7][8] the life of Prophet Muhammad was practical implementation of Qur'an.[9][10][11] So mention of a surah in hadith elevates the importance of that particular surah from certain aspect.[note 1]

  • Narrated Ibn `Abbas: When the Verse:--'And warn your tribe of near-kindred (Q26.214)[22], was revealed, the Prophet (ﷺ) ascended the Safa (mountain) and started calling, "O Bani Fihr!, O Banu Adi!, 0 sons of Abd Manaf ibn Qusai![23]" addressing various tribes of Quraysh till they were assembled. Those who could not come themselves, sent their messengers to see what was there. Abū Lahab and other people from Quraish came and the Prophet (ﷺ) then said, "Suppose I told you that there is an (enemy) cavalry in the valley intending to attack you, would you believe me?" They said, "Yes, for we have not found you telling anything other than the truth." He then said, "I am a warner to you in face of a terrific punishment." Abu Lahab said (to the Prophet) "May your hands perish all this day. Is it for this purpose you have gathered us?" Then it(surah Al-Masad) was revealed: "Perish the hands of Abu Lahab (one of the Prophet's uncles), and perish he! His wealth and his children will not profit him...."[24] (Q111.1–5)[25][26]

Notes
  1. The following traditions are mentioned in several other traditions as well with different chain of narrators. Refer to Kutub al-Sittah and hadith searches like [12]

References
  1. Ibn Kathir. "Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Surah Al Shu'ara". Quran 4 U. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  2. http://corpus.quran.com/translation.jsp?chapter=26&verse=224
  3. Ruh al-Ma'ani, Vol. xx, p. 64
  4. http://corpus.quran.com/translation.jsp?chapter=26&verse=3
  5. http://corpus.quran.com/translation.jsp?chapter=26&verse=191
  6. Şatibi, El-muvafakat
  7. Grade: Sahih (Al-Albani) صحيح (الألباني) حكم : Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 1342 In-book reference : Book 5, Hadith 93 English translation : Book 5, Hadith 1337
  8. Al-Adab al-Mufrad » Dealings with people and good character – كتاب English reference : Book 14, Hadith 308 Arabic reference : Book 1, Hadith 308
  9. Sahih Al- Jami' AI-Saghir, No.4811
  10. Sunan Ibn Majah 2333 In-book reference : Book 13, Hadith 26 English translation : Vol. 3, Book 13, Hadith 2333
  11. Grade : Sahih (Darussalam) Reference : Sunan an-Nasa'i 1601 In-book reference : Book 20, Hadith 4 English translation: Vol. 2, Book 20, Hadith 1602
  12. https://sunnah.com/search/?q=%D9%88%D9%8E%D8%A3%D9%8E%D9%86%D9%92%D8%B0%D9%90%D8%B1%D9%92+%D8%B9%D9%8E%D8%B4%D9%90%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8E%D8%AA%D9%8E%D9%83%D9%8E+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%8E%D9%82%D9%92%D8%B1%D9%8E%D8%A8%D9%90%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8E%E2%80%8F
  13. https://quran.com/26/214
  14. Sahih Muslim The Book of Faith (89)Chapter: Regarding the saying of Allah, the most High: "And warn your tribe of near kindred." 205 In-book reference : Book 1, Hadith 411 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 1, Hadith 401 (deprecated numbering scheme)
  15. Sunan an-Nasa'i 3648 In-book reference : Book 30, Hadith 38 English translation : Vol. 4, Book 30, Hadith 3678
  16. Sahih Muslim 204 a In-book reference : Book 1, Hadith 409 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 1, Hadith 399 (deprecated numbering scheme)
  17. Sahih al-Bukhari » Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) – كتاب التفسير USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 294 Arabic reference : Book 65, Hadith 4771
  18. Warning Verse
  19. Sahih al-Bukhari Virtues and Merits of the Prophet (pbuh) and his Companions (13)Chapter: Whoever related kinship to his forefathers 3526 In-book reference : Book 61, Hadith 36 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 4, Book 56, Hadith 727 (deprecated numbering scheme)
  20. Sahih al-Bukhari Book of Wills and Testaments (Wasaayaa) كتاب الوصايا55 Wills and Testaments (Wasaayaa) 2752 In-book reference : Book 55, Hadith 15 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 4, Book 51, Hadith 15 (deprecated numbering scheme)
  21. Sahih al-Bukhari 3525 In-book reference : Book 61, Hadith 35 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 4, Book 56, Hadith 727 (deprecated numbering scheme)
  22. https://quran.com/26/214
  23. Sahih Muslim 207 a In-book reference : Book 1, Hadith 414 USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 1, Hadith 404 (deprecated numbering scheme)
  24. https://quran.com/111/1-2
  25. Sahih al-Bukhari » Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) – كتاب التفسير USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 293 Arabic reference : Book 65, Hadith 4770
  26. Riyad as-Salihin » The Book of Miscellany » Hadith#329
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