1825 in the United Kingdom
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Events from the year 1825 in the United Kingdom.
Incumbents
- Monarch – George IV
- Prime Minister – Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory)
- Parliament – 7th
Events
- 1 March – a fire destroys the outbound East Indiaman Kent in the Bay of Biscay with the loss of more than 80 lives, but passing ships save over 550.
- 21 March – British première of Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 (1824) is presented by the Philharmonic Society of London at its Argyll Rooms conducted by Sir George Smart (and with the choral "Ode to Joy" sung in Italian).
- 23 April – royal charter granted to the Geological Society of London.[1]
- 15 June – Work on the new London Bridge, designed by John Rennie, begins.
- 22 June – Cotton Mills Regulation Act establishes a maximum of 12-hour day for children under 16.[2]
- July – England and Wales' dryest July on record, with a rainfall average of 8.2mm; from 14–19 July consecutively, the daytime maxima in London exceed 90 °F (32 °C).
- 18 August – Scottish adventurer Gregor MacGregor issues a £300,000 loan with 2.5% interest through the London bank of Thomas Jenkins & Company for the fictitious Central American republic of Poyais. His actions lead to the Panic of 1825, the first modern stock market crash, starting in the Bank of England and precipitating the closure of six London banks and sixty country ones in England.
- 15 September – royal charter granted to the Royal Society of Literature.[1]
- 27 September – the world's first modern railway, the Stockton and Darlington Railway, opens with engineer George Stephenson driving the first public train pulled by the steam engine Locomotion No 1.[3]
- 21 October – PS Comet II sinks off Gourock in the Firth of Clyde with the loss of 62 lives.
- 10 November – royal charter granted to the Van Diemen's Land Company.[1]
Ongoing
- Anglo-Ashanti war (1823–1831)
- First Burmese War (1824–1826)
Undated
- The first horse-drawn omnibuses established in London.
- A new Combination Act makes Trades unions legal according to narrowly defined principles.
- Reconstruction of Buckingham Palace by architect John Nash.
- Michael Faraday isolates benzene.[4]
- Cox's Orange Pippin apple cultivar first grown, at Colnbrook in Buckinghamshire by horticulturist and retired brewer Richard Cox.
- At about this date London is estimated to overtake Peking as the world's largest city.[5]
Publications
- Walter Scott's novels The Betrothed and The Talisman.
- First publication of Samuel Pepys' Diary (1660–1669), edited by Lord Braybrooke from the transcription by Rev. John Smith.
Births
- 14 March – Elizabeth Anne Finn, writer (died 1921)
- 28 March – A. J. Mundella, hosiery manufacturer and reforming Liberal politician (died 1897)
- March – William McGonagall, Scottish doggerel 'poet and tragedian' (died 1902)
- 24 April – R. M. Ballantyne, Scottish writer of juvenile fiction (died 1894)
- 1 May – Eleanor Vere Boyle, watercolourist and illustrator (died 1916)
- 4 May – Thomas Henry Huxley, biologist (died 1895)
- 8 May – George Bruce Malleson, officer and author (died 1898)
- 9 May – James Collinson, Pre-Raphaelite painter (died 1881)
- 24 June – William Henry Smith, politician and founder of stationers W H Smith (died 1891)
- 13 November – Charles Frederick Worth, couturier (died 1895)
Deaths
- 6 March – Samuel Parr, schoolmaster (born 1747)
- 27 June – Edward Pigott, astronomer (born 1753)
- 20 August – William Waldegrave, 1st Baron Radstock, Governor of Newfoundland (born 1753)
- 25 October – David Bogue, nonconformist leader (born 1750)
See also
References
- "Chartered bodies". Privy Council. Archived from the original on 15 November 2013. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
- Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 254–255. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- Faraday, M. (1825). "On New Compounds of Carbon and Hydrogen, and on Certain Other Products Obtained during the Decomposition of Oil by Heat". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 115: 440–466. doi:10.1098/rstl.1825.0022. JSTOR 107752. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
- Rosenberg, Matt T. "Largest Cities Through History". About.com. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
Further reading
- New Annual Register...for 1825, London: J. Holdsworth, 1826
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