Zingiber

The genus Zingiber is native to Southeast Asia especially in Thailand,[3] China, the Indian Subcontinent, and New Guinea.[2][4][5][6] It contains the true gingers, plants grown the world over for their medicinal and culinary value. The most well known is Z. officinale, garden ginger.

Zingiber
Zingiber officinale
1896 illustration[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Zingiberales
Family: Zingiberaceae
Subfamily: Zingiberoideae
Tribe: Zingibereae
Genus: Zingiber
Mill., 1754
Synonyms[2]
  • Amomum L., rejected name
  • Pacoseroca Adans.
  • Thumung J.Koenig in A.J.Retzius
  • Dieterichia Giseke
  • Jaegera Giseke
  • Cassumunar Colla
  • Zerumbet T.Lestib. 1841, illegitimate homonym, not Garsault 1764 nor J.C. Wendl. 1798
  • Dymczewiczia Horan.

Culinary

Each ginger species has a different culinary usage; for example, myoga is valued for the stem and flowers. Garden ginger's rhizome is the classic spice "ginger", and may be used whole, candied (known commonly as crystallized ginger), or dried and powdered. Other popular gingers used in cooking include cardamom and turmeric,[7] though neither of these examples is a "true ginger" – they belong to different genera in the family Zingiberaceae.

Species
Zingiber cernuum
Zingiber officinale
Zingiber ottensii
Zingiber macradenium
Zingiber spectabile
Zingiber wrayi
Zingiber zerumbet
Zingiber montanum
Zingiber parishii

The Plant List[8] records the following accepted names for Zingiber species:

  • Zingiber acuminatum Valeton
  • Zingiber albiflorum R.M.Sm.
  • Zingiber apoense Elmer
  • Zingiber argenteum Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber atrorubens Gagnep.
  • Zingiber aurantiacum (Holttum) Theilade
  • Zingiber banhaoense Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber barbatum Wall.
  • Zingiber bisectum D.Fang
  • Zingiber brachystachys Triboun & K.Larsen[9]
  • Zingiber bradleyanum Craib
  • Zingiber brevifolium N.E.Br.
  • Zingiber bulusanense Elmer
  • Zingiber callianthus Triboun & K.Larsen[10]
  • Zingiber capitatum Roxb.
  • Zingiber cernuum Dalzell
  • Zingiber chantaranothaii Triboun & K.Larsen[11]
  • Zingiber chlorobracteatum Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber chrysanthum Roscoe
  • Zingiber chrysostachys Ridl.
  • Zingiber citriodorum Theilade & Mood
  • Zingiber clarkei King ex Baker
  • Zingiber cochleariforme D.Fang
  • Zingiber collinsii Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber coloratum N.E.Br.
  • zingiber cornubracteatum Triboun & K.Larsen[12]
  • Zingiber corallinum Hance
  • Zingiber curtisii Holttum
  • Zingiber cylindricum Thwaites
  • Zingiber densissimum S.Q.Tong & Y.M.Xia
  • Zingiber eberhardtii Gagnep.
  • Zingiber eborinum Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber elatior (Ridl.) Theilade
  • Zingiber elatum Roxb.
  • Zingiber ellipticum (S.Q.Tong & Y.M.Xia) Q.G.Wu & T.L.Wu
  • Zingiber flagelliforme Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber flammeum Theilade & Mood
  • Zingiber flavomaculosum S.Q.Tong
  • Zingiber flavovirens Theilade
  • Zingiber fragile S.Q.Tong
  • Zingiber fraseri Theilade
  • Zingiber georgeae Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber gracile Jack
  • Zingiber gramineum Noronha ex Blume
  • Zingiber griffithii Baker
  • Zingiber guangxiense D.Fang
  • Zingiber gulinense Y.M.Xia
  • Zingiber idae Triboun & K.Larsen
  • Zingiber incomptum B.L.Burtt & R.M.Sm.
  • Zingiber inflexum Blume
  • Zingiber integrilabrum Hance
  • Zingiber integrum S.Q.Tong
  • Zingiber intermedium Baker
  • Zingiber isanense Triboun & K.Larsen
  • Zingiber junceum Gagnep.
  • Zingiber kawagoii Hayata
  • Zingiber kelabitianum Theilade & H.Chr.
  • Zingiber kerrii Craib
  • Zingiber kunstleri King ex Ridl.
  • Zingiber lambii Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber laoticum Gagnep.
  • Zingiber larsenii Theilade
  • Zingiber latifolium Theilade & Mood
  • Zingiber leptorrhizum D.Fang
  • Zingiber leptostachyum Valeton
  • Zingiber ligulatum Roxb.
  • Zingiber lingyunense D.Fang
  • Zingiber loerzingii Valeton
  • Zingiber longibracteatum Theilade
  • Zingiber longiglande D.Fang & D.H.Qin
  • Zingiber longiligulatum S.Q.Tong
  • Zingiber longipedunculatum Ridl.
  • Zingiber longyanjiang Z.Y.Zhu
  • Zingiber macradenium K.Schum.
  • Zingiber macrocephalum (Zoll.) K.Schum.
  • Zingiber macroglossum Valeton
  • Zingiber macrorrhynchus K.Schum.
  • Zingiber malaysianum C.K.Lim : black ginger
  • Zingiber marginatum Roxb.
  • Zingiber martinii R.M.Sm.
  • Zingiber matutumense Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber meghalayense Kumar, Mood, Singh & Sinha
  • Zingiber mekongense Gagnep.
  • Zingiber menghaiense S.Q.Tong
  • Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Roscoe : myoga ginger
  • Zingiber molle Ridl.
  • Zingiber monglaense S.J.Chen & Z.Y.Chen
  • Zingiber monophyllum Gagnep.
  • Zingiber montanum (J.König) Link ex A.Dietr. (synonyms: Z. cassumunar; Z. purpureum)
  • Zingiber multibracteatum Holttum
  • Zingiber neesanum (J.Graham) Ramamoorthy
  • Zingiber neglectum Valeton
  • Zingiber negrosense Elmer
  • Zingiber neotruncatum T.L.Wu, K.Larsen & Turland
  • Zingiber newmanii Theilade & Mood
  • Zingiber nigrimaculatum S.Q.Tong
  • Zingiber nimmonii (J.Graham) Dalzell
  • Zingiber niveum Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber nudicarpum D.Fang
  • Zingiber odoriferum Blume
  • Zingiber officinale Roscoe : ginger
  • Zingiber oligophyllum K.Schum.
  • Zingiber olivaceum Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber orbiculatum S.Q.Tong
  • Zingiber ottensii Valeton
  • Zingiber pachysiphon B.L.Burtt & R.M.Sm.
  • Zingiber panduratum Roxb.
  • Zingiber papuanum Valeton
  • Zingiber pardocheilum Wall. ex Baker
  • Zingiber parishii Hook.f. subsp. phuphanense Triboun & K. Larsen
  • Zingiber paucipunctatum D.Fang
  • Zingiber pellitum Gagnep.
  • Zingiber pendulum Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber peninsulare Theilade
  • Zingiber petiolatum (Holttum) Theilade
  • Zingiber phillippsiae Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber phumiangense Chaveer. & Mokkamul
  • Zingiber pleiostachyum K.Schum.
  • Zingiber porphyrosphaerum K.Schum.
  • Zingiber pseudopungens R.M.Sm.
  • Zingiber puberulum Ridl.
  • Zingiber pubisquama Ridl.
  • Zingiber pyroglossum Triboun & K.Larsen
  • Zingiber raja C.K.Lim & Kharuk.
  • Zingiber recurvatum S.Q.Tong & Y.M.Xia
  • Zingiber roseum (Roxb.) Roscoe
  • Zingiber rubens Roxb.
  • Zingiber rufopilosum Gagnep.
  • Zingiber sirindhorniae Triboun
  • Zingiber simaoense Y.Y.Qian
  • Zingiber smilesianum Craib
  • Zingiber spectabile Griff. : beehive ginger
  • Zingiber squarrosum Roxb.
  • Zingiber stenostachys K.Schum.
  • Zingiber stipitatum S.Q.Tong
  • Zingiber striolatum Diels
  • Zingiber sulphureum Burkill ex Theilade
  • Zingiber tenuiscapus Triboun & K.Larsen
  • Zingiber thorelii Gagnep.
  • Zingiber tuanjuum Z.Y.Zhu
  • Zingiber vanlithianum Koord.
  • Zingiber vittacheilum Triboun & K.Larsen
  • Zingiber velutinum Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber vinosum Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber viridiflavum Mood & Theilade
  • Zingiber wandingense S.Q.Tong
  • Zingiber wightianum Thwaites
  • Zingiber wrayi Prain ex Ridl.
  • Zingiber yingjiangense S.Q.Tong
  • Zingiber yunnanense S.Q.Tong & X.Z.Liu
  • Zingiber sadakornii Triboun & K.Larsen[13]
  • Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm. : shampoo ginger
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References
  1. Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen
  2. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. "Species New to Science: [Botany • 2014] A Key to the Genus Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand with Descriptions of 10 New Taxa | พรรณพฤกษชาติ สกุลขิง ในประเทศไทย". 2014-07-24.
  4. Flora of China v 24 p 323, 姜属 jiang shu, Zingiber Miller, Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4. vol. 3. 1754.
  5. Govaerts, R. (2004). World Checklist of Monocotyledons Database in ACCESS: 1-54382. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  6. Tripathi, S. & Singh, K.K. (2006). Taxonomic revision of the genus Zingiber Boehm. in North-East India. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 30: 520–532.
  7. "Flower notebook: Zingiber". Kalani Tropicals. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
  8. "Zingiber". The Plant List; Version 1. (published on the internet). 2010. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
  9. "Species New to Science: [Botany • 2014] A Key to the Genus Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand with Descriptions of 10 New Taxa | พรรณพฤกษชาติ สกุลขิง ในประเทศไทย". 2014-07-24.
  10. "Species New to Science: [Botany • 2014] A Key to the Genus Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand with Descriptions of 10 New Taxa | พรรณพฤกษชาติ สกุลขิง ในประเทศไทย". 2014-07-24.
  11. "Species New to Science: [Botany • 2014] A Key to the Genus Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand with Descriptions of 10 New Taxa | พรรณพฤกษชาติ สกุลขิง ในประเทศไทย". 2014-07-24.
  12. "Species New to Science: [Botany • 2014] A Key to the Genus Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand with Descriptions of 10 New Taxa | พรรณพฤกษชาติ สกุลขิง ในประเทศไทย". 2014-07-24.
  13. "Species New to Science: [Botany • 2014] A Key to the Genus Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand with Descriptions of 10 New Taxa | พรรณพฤกษชาติ สกุลขิง ในประเทศไทย". 2014-07-24.
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