Yuma War

The Yuma War was the name given to a series of United States military operations conducted in southern California and what is today southwestern Arizona from 1850 to 1853. The Yumans were the primary opponent of the United States Army, though engagements were fought between the Americans and other native groups in the region.

Yuma War
Part of the American Indian Wars

Yumans along the Colorado River by William Emory, circa 1857.
Date1850-1853
Location
Arizona, California
Result United States victory
Belligerents
 United States
Cupeno (1852–1853)
Cocopah (1853)
Paipai
Halyikwamai
Mountain Cahuilla(1851)		 Yuma
Mohave
Cocopah (1850–1853)
Cahuilla
Cupeno (1851)
Commanders and leaders
Samuel P. Heintzelman
George Stoneman
Delozier Davidson
Edward H. Fitzgerald
Frederick Steele
Juan Antonio (Cahuilla)		 Huttami
Cavallo y Pelo
Santiago
Vicente
Macedon
Jose Maria
Irataba
Antonio Garra †
Chipule †
Cecili †

War
Yuma Crossing in 1886.

In October 1850, U.S. Army Topographical Engineer Lt. George H. Derby was ordered to travel from California to the Colorado River to determine a supply route over water to Heintzelman's command. For his voyage, Derby was provided with transport by Captain Alfred H. Wilcox commanding the army transport schooner Invincible. They departed San Francisco on November 1, 1850.

Garra was captured at Razon's rancheria in the Coachella Valley, by the Mountain Cahuilla leader Juan Antonio and turned over to the volunteer company from Los Angeles. He was later tried and executed in San Diego, January 10, 1852.

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See also

References
  • Thompson, D. Jerry (2006). Civil war to the bloody end: The life and times of Major General Samuel P. Heintzelman. San Antonio, Texas: Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 1-58544-535-5.
  • Kroeber, L. Alfred; Clifton B. Kroeber (1994). A Mohave War Reminiscence, 1854 - 1880. Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-28163-9.
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