William Street, Sydney

William Street is a 1.4-kilometre-long (0.87 mi)[1] major thoroughfare in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

William Street

New South Wales
The Kings Cross Coca-Cola sign at night, as viewed from William Street, in 2008
A map of Kings Cross, showing the William Street route
Coordinates
General information
TypeStreet
Length1.4 km (0.9 mi)[1]
Major junctions
E end
 
W end

The street was named in honour of King William IV and was gazetted in 1834.[2]

Route and features

The street's eastern terminus is located on the boundary between Kings Cross, Rushcutters Bay and Paddington at the street's junction with Barcom Avenue, Bayswater Road and New South Head Road. The street's western terminus is located adjacent to Hyde Park where it turns into Park Street at the junction of College Street in the Sydney central business district. The street forms the border between the two suburbs of Woolloomooloo and Darlinghurst.

The Cross City Tunnel, a tolled motorway, follows much of the route of William Street and extends further west to the Western Distributor. The tunnel was constructed in an attempt to ease traffic congestion for through traffic across the east-west of the CBD.

William Street is closed to vehicular traffic for the City2Surf road running fun run and race, held in August annually.

History

William Street was built through the farm land of the valley between the city centre and Potts Point in the 1840s to allow traffic to and from the fashionable and expensive Eastern suburbs around Elizabeth Bay. Originally the NSW Surveyor-General Thomas Mitchell wanted the street to be further to the south, but whilst he was away exploring the interior of Australia, the street was constructed in its present location.

In the 1880s notable Australian poet Henry Lawson lived in a boarding house along William Street before he became famous for his poetry. In 1909 it was decided to resume the south side of the street to widen the street into a larger boulevard style. The resuming was conducted between 1910 and 1914.

In the 1930s, William Street was the location of a number of pubs and nightclubs, including the Strand Hotel, the Prince Albert Hotel and the infamous Fifty-Fifty Club, where sex workers were provided by Tilly Devine.[3]

During the period between World War I and World War II, William Street was the bustling centre of Sydney's automotive trade;[4] and once housed recording studios for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.[5] The Watsons Bay tram service was opened in 1894 travelling along William Street and operated until circa 1901. Tram services were electrified in 1905.[6][7] Motor buses were introduced after World War I. During the 1930s, the tram service from William Street through Kings Cross ran as frequently as one tram per minute during weekdays. With the combination of trams, buses and cars, the William Street, Darlinghurst Road and Victoria Street junction (Kings Cross) became one of Sydney's busiest intersections and worst bottlenecks. The tram line on William Street and through Kings Cross was closed on Sunday, 10 July 1960,[8] superseded by buses and later, the Eastern Suburbs railway line.

The Kings Cross Tunnel sits at the eastern end of William Street extending the carriageway to Rushcutters Bay. The cut and cover tunnel was constructed as part of the Eastern Suburbs Railway and required the resumption and demolition of 118 properties. It was opened on 15 December 1975. [9]

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See also

References
  1. William St, Darlinghurst NSW 2010 to 2 College St, Sydney NSW 2000 (Map). Google Maps. 2017. Retrieved 11 January 2017.
  2. "History of Sydney streets" (MS Excel (requires download)). City of Sydney. 4 December 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
  3. Whitaker, Dick (20 November 2011). "Sydney's Razor Gang Wars 1925 to 1935". Dick's blog. Dick Whitaker. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
  4. "Grenville house". The Malouf Group. 2015. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
  5. "Past and Present: Corner of William Street and Kirketon Road". Darlinghurst Blog. Violet Tingle. 10 February 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
  6. "Drain Grate, Rose Bay". Heritage, Roads and Traffic Authority. Government of New South Wales. Retrieved 22 August 2007.
  7. Keenan, D. (1979), Tramways of Sydney. Transit Press: Sydney, p. 2
  8. Dunn, Mark. "Kings Cross: Getting there". Dictionary of Sydney. Retrieved 12 January 2017.  This article incorporates text by Mark Dunn available under the CC BY 3.0 AU licence.
  9. https://www.ozroads.com.au/NSW/RouteNumbering/Deccomissioned%20Routes/SR76/kct.htm

Further reading
  • Kelly, Max (1982). Faces of the Street: William Street Sydney 1916. Paddington, NSW: Doak Press. ISBN 0959670254.
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