Warp!

Warp!, also spelled Warp, was an American science-fiction play created by the Organic Theatre Company of Chicago Illinois, in 1971 by co-authors Stuart Gordon and Lenny Kleinfeld, the latter under the pseudonym Bury St. Edmund.[1] The play moved to Broadway for a short run in February 1973. The play and its backstory became the basis for spinoff comic books and other media.

Warp!
Promotional poster for Broadway.
Art by Neal Adams
Written byStuart Gordon
Lenny Kleinfeld (as Bury St. Edmund)
CharactersDavid Carson/Lord Cumulus
Prince Chaos
Sargon
Lugulbanda
Symax
Date premieredFebruary 14, 1973 (1973-02-14)
Place premieredAmbassador Theatre, New York City
GenreScience fiction
SettingEarth; Fen-Ra

Synopsis

David Carson, an everyday bank teller, learns that he is Lord Cumulus, "avenger of the universe".[2] Suddenly transported from an annual employee-awards dinner to the mystical realm Fen-Ra, he finds himself battling for the destiny of the universe[3] against antagonist Prince Chaos. In this world, he encounters the sage Lugulbanda, who sends him on his quest aided by the leather-clad Amazon warrior Sargon. They battle Valaria the insect sorceress and Chaos' henchman, the purple ape Symax.[4]

Production history

Original production

Chicago's Organic Theater Company opened the original play Warp! in 1971.[2] Co-author Stuart Gordon in 2002 recalled its original inspiration: "It was three full-length plays that were inspired by Marvel Comics. ... Well, we weren't able to get the rights to any of the characters from Marvel, so we created our own. But I would say that Warp was very influenced by comic books like Dr. Strange and Thor".[2] Billed by the company as "the world's first science fiction epic-adventure play in serial form", it was performed for over a year before moving to Broadway.[5]

The Chicago cast included John Heard,[6] André De Shields,[7] Cecil O'Neal,[8] J. Pat Miller,[9] and Bruce A. Young.[10] The costume designer was first-timer Cookie Gluck, a former art major at the University of Wisconsin who was married to actor O'Neal.[5] The lighting designer was David K. H. Elliott.[11]

The Chicago non-profit organization Videopolis videotaped the original production.[12]

Move to Broadway

The production moved to New York City's Ambassador Theatre on Broadway, where part one of the trilogy, My Battlefield, My Body, ran seven previews beginning January 31, 1973, and eight performances from February 14–18, 1973.[13] It marked the Broadway debut of John Heard, who played David Carson/Lord Cumulus.[13] Other cast-members included Tom Towles as Prince Chaos, and Keith Szarabajka as the young David.

The Broadway production was produced by Anthony D'Amato in association with the Organic Theatre Company, and directed by co-writer Stuart Gordon. Comic-book and commercial artist Neal Adams was art director, with scenic design by Robert Guerra, costume design by Laura Crow and Cookie Gluck; lighting design by Jane Reisman and Neil Peter Jampolis; and visuals by Khamphalous Lightshow. William J. Norris and Richard Fire provided incidental music, with the latter also providing vocal sound effects. Frank Marino and Lynne Guerra were stage managers.[13]

Broadway cast

The opening-night cast:[13]

  • André De Shields ... Desi Arnez
  • Cordis Fejer ... Penny Smart; Sargon
  • Jane Fire ... Sheila Fantastik
  • Richard Fire ... Mrs. O'Grady; psychiatric director; bank teller; Lugulbanda; Yggthion
  • Carolyn Gordon ... Mary Louise; Valaria
  • John Heard ... David Carson; Lord Cumulus
  • William J. Norris ... Bank president; Dr. Victor Vivian; Symax
  • Keith Szarabajka ... Attendant; young David Carson
  • Tom Towles ... Janitor; Prince Chaos

Critical reception

Clive Barnes of The New York Times said, "The look of the show is extremely accurate," in terms of fidelity to comics. "The costumes — minimal and exotic — the outlandish props and the serviceably suggestive permanent setting are all perfectly in accord. The language is heightened melodrama having the same fleeting relationship to literature that bubble gum has to food." While saying, "There is a great deal of action but no story," he admired the acting. He allowed that "for comic-book addicts ... Warp might well be a lot of fun. Others are warned that, while it is undeniably cleverly done, it is at heart a one-joke evening."[4]

Awards
Spin-off comic book Warp #1 (March 1983), depicting the play's characters Lord Cumulus (foreground) and Prince Chaos. Cover art by Frank Brunner.
  • Laura Crow, Cookie Gluck: 1973 Drama Desk Award for Most Promising Costume Design[13]
  • David K.H. Elliott, lighting designer: 1979 Joseph Jefferson Award for the Organic Theater's Warp[11]

In other media

The alternative comics company First Comics published the spin-off comic-book series Warp, which ran 19 issues cover-dated March 1983 to February 1985.[14]

The premiere issue featured a 20-page Lord Cumulus story by writer Peter B. Gillis, penciler and cover artist Frank Brunner, and inker Bob Smith; and an eight-page story starring Sargon, Mistress of War, by writer John Ostrander, penciler Lenin Delsol, and inker Joe Staton. Brunner would continue as penciler through issue #9, after which he was succeeded by Jerry Bingham except for two issues, #16 (penciled by Bill Willingham) and #19 (penciled and inked by Mike Gustovich, the regular inker for most of the series' run). The backup features rotated among "Sargon, Mistress of War" by Ostrander, Delsol and Staon; "The Faceless Ones", by writer Jack C. Harris and artist Steve Ditko; "Valaria, Insect Sorceress", by writer Gillis, penciler Willingham, and inker Bruce Patterson; and "Outrider", by Gillis and various artists.[14]

First Comics additionally published Warp Special #1-3 (July 1983, January and June 1984), by writer Gillis and pencilers Howard Chaykin, Mark Silvestri, and George Freeman, respectively.[15]

Previous to these, the Organic Theater Company and Mike Gold Media Services published a one-shot, 16-page promotional-giveaway comic book, Weird Organic Tales #1 (1981), that included scenes from several of the theater company's works, including Warp!.[16][17]

Influence

In a 2007 history of Chicago's Victory Gardens Greenhouse Theater, the Chicago Reader said the "science-fantasy trilogy Warp! anticipated the Star Wars phenom by several years".[18]

gollark: gnb!elstat æ
gollark: ...
gollark: > “This stuff is funny!” giggles your niece, squishing her fingers in the goop. “It’s all warm, gluey, and bouncy! Someone should be turning out this stuff for kids to play with, or as sticky putty to stick posters to walls, or whatever. You’ve got, like, an infinite supply of it, so that’s good economics, right?”
gollark: > “No! ElGr cells are a scientific miracle!” cries biologist Jack Ponta, jiggling a beaker full of purplish goop as he waves his arms in exasperation. “These cells have been a breakthrough; not only in testing cures for cancer, but also in understanding how cancer develops and functions! All these years later, these cells keep chugging along, outliving all the others! Who knows, with these cells, we might even one day unlock a path to immortality! Are you going to let bureaucracy get in the way of SCIENCE?”
gollark: > “We thought my poor grandmother’s remains had been buried in accordance with her wishes,” growls Elizabeth’s direct descendant, Catherine Gratwick. “Can’t you let her rest in peace? This is her body that you’re messing with. You can’t just irradiate and poison her; you must ask me first! How would you like it if your family’s remains were exhumed and mutilated? You must never use cells from deceased people without the explicit pre-mortem consent of the patient or their relatives. As for granny - I insist that all remaining samples of her be buried, and that you financially compensate her family for the pain and grief you have caused!”

References
  1. Miner, Michael (February 26, 2009). "Slow Torture in the Age of Speed". Chicago Reader. Archived from the original on June 9, 2011. Additional WebCitation archive.
  2. Gordon in Forbis, Wil (August 1, 2002). "An Interview with Stuart Gordon". AcidLogic.com. Archived from the original on June 7, 2010.
  3. "New Comics Company Announced", Amazing Heroes #13 (July 1982), p. 17.
  4. Barnes, Clive (February 15, 1973). "Theater: The Magic of Comic Strip". The New York Times. Retrieved January 12, 2013. (Abstract; full article requires fee or subscription).
  5. "History: 1971". Organic Theater Company (official site). Archived from the original on April 2, 2007.
  6. "John Heard Biography > Milestones". TCM. Archived from the original on November 10, 2011. Retrieved September 30, 2013.
  7. Alterman, Glenn. An Actor's Guide: Making It in New York City (Allworth Press, 2002), Chapter 28: "The Nontraditional Casting Project: Interview with André De Shields", p. 223. ISBN 978-1-58115-213-5.
  8. Williams, Albert (May 4, 2007). "Jimmy Trivette Goes to Africa". Chicago Reader. Archived from the original on June 7, 2010.
  9. "Twenty Years of AIDS". (Transcript) National Public Radio (Chicago). June 5, 2001. Archived from the original on June 7, 2010.
  10. "Faculty Biography: Firespark! > Bruce A. Young". Brenau Academy/Brenau University theater program. Archived from the original on June 7, 2010.
  11. "David K.H. Elliott, Lecturer". University of California Berkeley Dept. of Theater, Dance & Performance Studies. Archived from the original on June 7, 2010.
  12. "Anda Korsts". (Excerpt of 1970s biographical article) Southwest Museum of Engineering, Communications and Computation. Archived from the original on June 7, 2010.
  13. Warp at the Internet Broadway Database (The Broadway League). Retrieved on December 19, 2017. Archived from the original on December 19, 2017.
  14. Warp (1983 series) at the Grand Comics Database
  15. Warp Special at the Grand Comics Database
  16. "Weird Organic Tales; no. 1". Michigan State University Libraries: Special Collections Division: Reading Room Index to the Comic Art Collection: "Weird" to "Weird Suspense". Archived from the original on June 12, 2017. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  17. Dallas, Keith (2013). "Chapter 4: 1983". American Comic Book Chronicles: The 1980s. Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 72. ISBN 978-1605490465.
  18. Williams, Albert (2007). "Back to School 2007: Our Favorite Things: Victory Gardens Greenhouse Theater". Chicago Reader. Archived from the original on June 7, 2010. Retrieved September 6, 2009.
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