WR 12

WR 12
Observation data; Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000
Constellation	Vela
Right ascension	08h 44m 47.293s[1]
Declination	–45° 58′ 55.46″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V)	10.78[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type	WN8h[3]
U−B color index	–0.39[2]
B−V color index	+0.56[2]
Variable type	Algol + WR[4]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ)	RA: –3.1[1] mas/yr ; Dec.: +4.6[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)	0.31 ± 0.26[5] mas
Distance	approx. 11,000 ly ; (approx. 3,000 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)	–6.68[3] (–6.5 + –5.5[6])
Orbit[7]
Primary	WR
Companion	O
Period (P)	23.92336 ± 0.00001 days
Eccentricity (e)	0
Inclination (i)	78.8[6]°
Periastron epoch (T)	2,449,811.188 ± 0.065
Semi-amplitude (K1); (primary)	141.9 ± 2.2 km/s
Details[3]
WR
Mass	30 M☉
Radius	16.38 R☉
Luminosity (bolometric)	955,000 L☉
Temperature	44,700 K
Other designations
	WR 12, V378 Velorum, CD−45°4482, 2MASS J08444729-4558554, Hen 3-200
Database references
SIMBAD	data

WR 12 (V378 Velorum) is a spectroscopic binary in the constellation Vela. It is an eclipsing binary consisting of a Wolf-Rayet star and a luminous companion of unknown spectral type. The primary is one of the most luminous stars known.

The spectrum of WR 12 is dominated by the broad emission lines of the primary Wolf-Rayet star. The lowest ionisation nitrogen emission lines are strongest, with NV lines being very weak. The HeI lines are stronger than the HeII lines. Unusually the hydrogen emission is stronger still, leading to a WN8h spectral class. CIV emission is almost undetectable.[8] It has been suggested that the companion is a class O star, but its lines cannot be seen in the spectrum.[6]

The system produces eclipses which dim the brightness of the star by 0.12 magnitudes every 24 days. The stars are detached and so it is classified as an Algol-type eclipsing binary. The inclination of the orbit has been estimated at 78.8° but a full orbital solution is not available because the secondary cannot be directly detected.[4][6]

References

Høg, E.; Fabricius, C.; Makarov, V. V.; Urban, S.; Corbin, T.; Wycoff, G.; Bastian, U.; Schwekendiek, P.; Wicenec, A. (2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355: L27. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H.
Moffat, A. F. J.; Vogt, N. (1975). "Southern open star clusters IV. UBV-Hbeta photometry of 26 clusters from Monoceros to Vela". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 20: 85. Bibcode:1975A&AS...20...85M.
Sota, A.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Morrell, N. I.; Barbá, R. H.; Walborn, N. R.; Gamen, R. C.; Arias, J. I.; Alfaro, E. J.; Oskinova, L. M. (2019). "The Galactic WN stars revisited. Impact of Gaia distances on fundamental stellar parameters". arXiv:1904.04687 [astro-ph.SR].
Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/gcvs. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
Gaia Collaboration (2016). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: I/337. Originally Published in: Astron. Astrophys. 1337. Bibcode:2016yCat.1337....0G.
Lamontagne, Robert; Moffat, Anthony F. J.; Drissen, Laurent; Robert, Carmelle; Matthews, Jaymie M. (1996). "Photometric Determination of Orbital Inclinations and Mass Loss Rates for Wolf-Rayet Stars in WR+O Binaries". Astronomical Journal. 112: 2227. Bibcode:1996AJ....112.2227L. doi:10.1086/118175.
Fahed, R.; Moffat, A. F. J. (2012). "Colliding winds in five WR+O systems of the Southern hemisphere". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 424 (3): 1601. Bibcode:2012MNRAS.424.1601F. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20494.x.
Smith, Lindsey F.; Shara, Michael M.; Moffat, Anthony F. J. (1996). "A three-dimensional classification for WN stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 281: 163. Bibcode:1996MNRAS.281..163S. doi:10.1093/mnras/281.1.163.

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[tycho2-1] Høg, E.; Fabricius, C.; Makarov, V. V.; Urban, S.; Corbin, T.; Wycoff, G.; Bastian, U.; Schwekendiek, P.; Wicenec, A. (2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355: L27. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H.

[moffat-2] Moffat, A. F. J.; Vogt, N. (1975). "Southern open star clusters IV. UBV-Hbeta photometry of 26 clusters from Monoceros to Vela". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 20: 85. Bibcode:1975A&AS...20...85M.

[hamann-3] Sota, A.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Morrell, N. I.; Barbá, R. H.; Walborn, N. R.; Gamen, R. C.; Arias, J. I.; Alfaro, E. J.; Oskinova, L. M. (2019). "The Galactic WN stars revisited. Impact of Gaia distances on fundamental stellar parameters". arXiv:1904.04687 [astro-ph.SR].

[gcvs-4] Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/gcvs. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.

[dr1-5] Gaia Collaboration (2016). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: I/337. Originally Published in: Astron. Astrophys. 1337. Bibcode:2016yCat.1337....0G.

[lamontagne-6] Lamontagne, Robert; Moffat, Anthony F. J.; Drissen, Laurent; Robert, Carmelle; Matthews, Jaymie M. (1996). "Photometric Determination of Orbital Inclinations and Mass Loss Rates for Wolf-Rayet Stars in WR+O Binaries". Astronomical Journal. 112: 2227. Bibcode:1996AJ....112.2227L. doi:10.1086/118175.

[fahed-7] Fahed, R.; Moffat, A. F. J. (2012). "Colliding winds in five WR+O systems of the Southern hemisphere". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 424 (3): 1601. Bibcode:2012MNRAS.424.1601F. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20494.x.

[smith-8] Smith, Lindsey F.; Shara, Michael M.; Moffat, Anthony F. J. (1996). "A three-dimensional classification for WN stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 281: 163. Bibcode:1996MNRAS.281..163S. doi:10.1093/mnras/281.1.163.