Vyacheslav Schwarz

Vyacheslav Grigorevich Schwarz, or Shvarts (Russian: Вячеслав Григорьевич Шварц; 4 October 1838 — 10 April 1869) was a Russian history and genre painter.

Vyacheslav Schwarz
(date unknown)

Biography

The Last Tavern at the City Gates

Born in Kursk, his family was of Danish ancestry and his father was Lieutenant General Grigory Schwarz, hero of the Patriotic War of 1812 and later chief of the Jaro-Belokany Military District in Zakatali Okrug, where Vyacheslav spent his childhood.[1]

In 1846, he and his mother moved to Moscow, where he received his first art lessons at the Moscow School of Drawing. The following year, he was granted admission to the Page Corps, but never served because his mother didn't want him to have a military career. He was finally brought to Saint Petersburg in 1851 and was enrolled in the Imperial Alexander Lyceum the following year.[2] He was also a talented linguist, having acquired a working knowledge of French, German and English by the age of ten.

Ivan the Terrible by the body of his son, who he has murdered (1864)

While at the Lyceum, his drawings attracted the attention of the art faculty and he was able to study under Arseny Meshchersky, who introduced him to oil painting. In 1859, he was graduated with a gold medal and the rank of "Class IX" in the Civil Service. Later that year, he was given permission to audit classes at Saint Petersburg State University, where he came under the influence of Nikolay Kostomarov. He had already begun attending classes at the Imperial Academy of Arts, to study military art with Bogdan Willewalde[2] but, fascinated with Professor Kostomarov's lectures, his first paintings were devoted to ancient Russian history.

Travel abroad

In 1861, he spent six months abroad, primarily in Berlin, where he honed his skills with Wilhelm von Kaulbach[2] and Julius Schrader. Upon returning, he presented his painting of Ivan the Terrible with the body his murdered son and was disappointed to receive only a silver medal.[3] The following year, he created illustrations for The Song of the Merchant Kalashnikov by Lermontov and Prince Serebrenni by A. K. Tolstoy.[3]

Tsar Alexis I playing chess (1865)

His desire to see more European art induced him to resign from the service in 1863 and embark on another trip, finishing in Paris, where he worked with Jules Lefebvre[2] and made many sketches from life. He gave up plans to visit Italy and returned to Russia in 1864, submitting a new version of his painting of Ivan the Terrible, only to receive another silver medal. He lived in Ryazan for much of 1865, then presented his painting of “Palm Sunday in the days of Alexis I“,[3] for which he was named an Academician.

At the beginning of 1867, he made his third trip abroad, to Paris, on behalf of the Academy, to help prepare the Russian exhibit at the International Exposition, where he acquired several medals. He also took some time for further studies, with Meissonier.[2] During his trip back to Russia, he stopped in Weimar for two months to participate in a production of The Death of Ivan the Terrible.

Illness and death

Having suffered from abdominal pains during his trip, he saw a doctor and was diagnosed with Addison's disease.[4] By the middle of 1868 he was finding it difficult to continue working. Some of what would be his last completed works earned him the status of Honorary Free Member at the Academy.[3]

Feeling somewhat improved towards the end of that year, he returned to Kursk to live with his father, in hopes that the country air and peaceful atmosphere would assist his recovery. To the contrary, his health deteriorated and he died in March 1869. He was buried at his father's estate in the nearby village of White Well.[5]

• 
  Palm Sunday in Moscow
• 
  Patriarch Nikon in the New Jerusalem Monastery
• 
  Self-portrait
  (date unknown)
• 
  The Spring Pilgrimage of the Tsarina, under Tsar Aleksy Mihailovich

References

1. Fyodor Bulgakov, "Шварцъ (Швартцъ), Вячеславъ Григорьевичъ" in Наши художники (Our Artists), Saint Petersburg, A. S. Suvorina (1890) Vol.II, "Л — Я"
2. RusArtNet: Brief biography
3. Russian Painting: Biography
4. Nelli Yefimova, "Курский художник превращал крестьян в бояр" (Kursk Artist Transformed Peasants into Boyars), in the magazine Друг для друга (Friend to Friend), Kursk, October 2008
5. Valery Beryozhkin, "Шварцъ (Швартцъ), Вячеславъ Григорьевичъ" in the Russian Biographical Dictionary, edited by Alexander Polovtsov, Saint Petersburg, I. N. Skorokhodov (1905), Vol.22, "Чаадаев — Швитков"

Further reading

• "Шварц Вячеслав Григорьевич", Tretyakov Gallery, Catalog of Paintings from the XVIII to the Beginning of the XX Century. Edited by Y. Korolev (Director) 1984
• "Шварц, Вячеслав Григорьевич". Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary: In 86 Volumes (82 Volumes and 4 Additional Volumes). St. Petersburg. 1890–1907.
• S. Kamenskaya, "Шварц Вячеслав Григорьевич (1838 - 1869)" Гордость земли курской. Сборник очерков о знаменитых земляках (The Pride of Kursk: A Collection of Essays on Famous Countrymen), edited by M. F. Shekhirev, Publishing Department of the Kursk CSTI (1991)

External links

• Creative Masters Club: "Рассказ об академике исторической живописи Вячеславе Шварце. Шварц и Колпнянский край." (The Story of Vyachelav Schwarz, Historical Painter) (2012, archived)
• Vyacheslav Schwarz at the Russian Museum from Sunday Afternoon.