Vitivirus

Vitivirus is a genus of viruses in the order Tymovirales, in the family Betaflexiviridae.[1][2] Plants serve as natural hosts. There are currently 15 species in this genus including the type species Grapevine virus A.[1][3]

Vitivirus
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Kitrinoviricota
Class: Alsuviricetes
Order: Tymovirales
Family: Betaflexiviridae
Subfamily: Trivirinae
Genus: Vitivirus
Type species
Grapevine virus A

Taxonomy

Group: ssRNA(+)

[1]

Structure

Viruses in Vitivirus are non-enveloped, with flexuous and filamentous geometries. The diameter is around 12 nm. Genomes are linear, around 7.6kb in length. The genome codes for 5 proteins.[3]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
VitivirusFilamentousNon-envelopedLinearMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic, and is lysogenic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (mechanical inoculation pseudococcid mealybugs and aphids). Transmission routes are vector and mechanical.[3]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
VitivirusPlantsNoneViral movement; mechanical inoculationViral movementCytoplasmCytoplasmMechanical inoculation: pseudococcid mealybugs; Mechanical inoculation: aphids
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References
  1. ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  2. Complete genome sequence of a novel vitivirus isolated from grapevine. Al Rwahnih M, Sudarshana MR, Uyemoto JK and Rowhani A, J Virol., September 2012, volume 86, issue 17, page 9545, doi:10.1128/JVI.01444-12
  3. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
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