Viscount Bolingbroke

Viscount Bolingbroke[lower-alpha 1] is a current title in the Peerage of Great Britain created in 1712 for Henry St John. He was simultaneously made Baron St John, of Lydiard Tregoze in the County of Wilts. Since 1751 the titles are merged with the titles of Viscount St John and Baron St John in the same peerage.

Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke
Viscountcy Bolingbroke
Arms of St John: Argent, on a chief gules two mullets or
Creation date7 July 1712
MonarchQueen Anne
PeeragePeerage of Great Britain
First holderHenry St John
Present holderNicholas Alexander Mowbray St John, 9th Viscount Bolingbroke, 10th Viscount St John
Remainder tothe 1st Viscount's heirs male of the body lawfully begotten, with remainder, failing his own male issue, to his father and the heirs male of his body.
Subsidiary titlesViscount St John
Baron St John of Lydiard Tregoze
Baron St John of Battersea
St John baronets, of Lydiard Tregoze

Family background

John St John (1585–1648) was the nephew of Oliver St John, 1st Viscount Grandison (1559–1630), lord deputy governor of Ireland from 1616 to 1622, and distant cousin of the Barons St John of Bletsoe, later Earls of Bolingbroke.

Grants of titles

Baronetcy in 1611

John St John later represented Wiltshire in Parliament and was a strong royalist during the Civil War. On 22 May 1611 he was created a Baronet, of Lydiard Tregoze in Wiltshire, in the Baronetage of England.[1]

Baronies and viscountcies

A younger son of John St John, 3rd Baronet, was elected for Wiltshire and Wootton Bassett, Wiltshire equally his son in turn (4th Baronet). In 1716 the latter was created Baron St John, of Battersea[2] in the County of Surrey, and Viscount St John, with remainder to his second son (who inherited) and in default third son, as his eldest son Henry St John had already been created Baron St John, of Lydiard Tregoze, and Viscount Bolingbroke in 1712 (see below). He also represented Wootton Bassett in Parliament. In 1751 his son, the 3rd Viscount, succeeded his uncle as 2nd Viscount Bolingbroke and 2nd Baron St John according to a special remainder in the letters patent.

The titles have remained united since. The son of the "second son" mentioned, the 3rd and 4th Viscount, was elected briefly for Cricklade, Wiltshire. As of 2014 the titles are held by his descendant, the 8th Viscount Bolingbroke and 9th Viscount St John. He lives in New Zealand. As of 28 February 2014, the present Baronet has not successfully proven his succession and is therefore not on the Official Roll of the Baronetage, with the baronetcy considered dormant since 1974.[3]

The titles Baron St John, of Lydiard Tregoze in the County of Wilts, and Viscount Bolingbroke were created in the Peerage of Great Britain in 1712 for the politician and orator the Hon. Henry St John, the eldest son of Henry St John, 1st Viscount St John. The peerages were created with remainder to his father and his male heirs. Lord Bolingbroke died childless and was succeeded according to the special remainder by his nephew, the second Viscount, who had already succeeded as third Viscount St John in 1749 (see above).

Family seats and abodes
Extract from Gentleman's Magazine: Map of London & Environs, 1764; Lord Bolingbroke is noted in this part of today's London.

An established family seat was, from 1420 until sale in 1943, Lydiard House, Lydiard Tregoze, Wiltshire.

From 1648 until 1765 the family had a house near to London, namely the forerunner to the wider Battersea Park area, Bolingbroke House, which was then in the county of Surrey.[2] This became the de facto seat of the lord of the manor title inherited from the 1st Baronet from Viscount Grandison, buried there with great pomp in 1648.[2] In 1742 the then Lord Bolingbroke, who, in spite of his attainder, had been enabled to inherit the estate by an Act of 1725, lent the manor house to his friend Hugh Hume, 3rd Earl of Marchmont.[2] Later he settled there himself, either in 1743 or early in the following year and there spent the remainder of his life.[2] He was buried in the family vault in Battersea Church in 1751. His nephew and heir Frederick, second Viscount Bolingbroke, sold the Battersea estate about 1763. It was purchased by John Viscount Spencer, created Earl Spencer in 1765.[2]

Coat of arms
Armorial bearings of the Viscounts Bolingbroke

The heraldic blazon for the armorials of the St John family is: Argent, on a chief gules two mullets or. This can be translated as: a white shield with a red rectangle at the top holding two golden stars.

St John Baronets, of Lydiard Tregoze (1611)

Viscounts St John (1716)

Viscounts Bolingbroke (1712)

see above for further succession

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See also

Notes
  1. Pronounced /bʊlɪŋbrʊk/

References
  • Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990.
  • Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages
  1. George Edward Cokayne Complete Baronetage 1900
  2. A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 4 at para 8 of Battersea with Penge pp. 8–17; editor H. E. Malden (London, 1912), British History Online. Accessed 27 September 2017.
  3. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-03-06. Retrieved 2016-02-03.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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