Vesicular-tubular cluster

The vesicular-tubular cluster (VTC), also referred to as the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (or ERGIC), is an organelle in eukaryotic cells. This compartment mediates trafficking between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, facilitating the sorting of cargo.[1] The cluster was first identified in 1988 using an antibody to the protein that has since been named ERGIC-53[2]

The ERGIC lies between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi on the secretory pathway

In mammalian organisms, COPII vesicles that have budded from exit sites in the endoplasmic reticulum lose their coats and fuse to form the vesicular-tubular cluster (VTC). Retrieval (or retrograde) transport in COPI vesicles returns many of the lost ER resident proteins back to the endoplasmic reticulum. Forward (or anterograde) transport moves the VTC contents to the cis-Golgi network, the receiving face of the Golgi complex. This process is thought to occur by one of two processes. One is known as cisternal maturation where the VTC simply matures into the cis-Golgi network. In another, COPI vesicular transport moves VTC material to the receiving face of the Golgi apparatus through movement of the VTC along microtubules. Evidence exists for both processes and it may be that both occur simultaneously in cells.

References

Appenzeller-Herzog C, Hauri HP (June 2006). "The ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC): in search of its identity and function". J. Cell Sci. 119 (Pt 11): 2173–83. doi:10.1242/jcs.03019. PMID 16723730.
Schweizer A, Fransen JA, Bächi T, Ginsel L, Hauri HP (1988). "Identification, by a monoclonal antibody, of a 53-kD protein associated with a tubulo-vesicular compartment at the cis-side of the Golgi apparatus" (PDF). J. Cell Biol. 107 (5): 1643–53. doi:10.1083/jcb.107.5.1643. PMC 2115344. PMID 3182932. Retrieved 7 April 2017.

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[1] Appenzeller-Herzog C, Hauri HP (June 2006). "The ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC): in search of its identity and function". J. Cell Sci. 119 (Pt 11): 2173–83. doi:10.1242/jcs.03019. PMID 16723730.

[2] Schweizer A, Fransen JA, Bächi T, Ginsel L, Hauri HP (1988). "Identification, by a monoclonal antibody, of a 53-kD protein associated with a tubulo-vesicular compartment at the cis-side of the Golgi apparatus" (PDF). J. Cell Biol. 107 (5): 1643–53. doi:10.1083/jcb.107.5.1643. PMC 2115344. PMID 3182932. Retrieved 7 April 2017.