United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231

United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231 was a July 20th, 2015 resolution endorsing the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action on the nuclear program of Iran. It sets out an inspection process and schedule while also preparing for the removal of United Nations sanctions against Iran. The 15 nations on the Security Council unanimously endorsed the resolution, which had been negotiated by the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council—China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States—plus Germany, the European Union, and Iran.[1]

UN Security Council
Resolution 2231
Date20 July 2015
Meeting no.7488
CodeS/RES/2231 (Document)
SubjectNuclear program of Iran
Voting summary
  • 15 voted for
  • None voted against
  • None abstained
  • None absent
ResultAdopted
Security Council composition
Permanent members
Non-permanent members
Part of a series on the
Nuclear program of Iran
Timeline
Facilities
Organizations
International agreements
Domestic laws
Individuals
Related

After the resolution, the Iranian Foreign Affairs minister said: ″the Iranian nation should feel fundamental changes in accordance with the UN Security Council Resolution 2231″.[2]

On March 29, 2016, the United States, the UK, France, and Germany wrote a joint letter to Secretary-General of the United Nations Ban Ki-moon accusing Iran of "defying" Security Council Resolution 2231 through missile tests conducted since the deal. The letter said the missiles were "inherently capable of delivering nuclear weapons". However, it stopped short of saying the tests were illegal. Resolution 2231 calls for Iran to refrain from activity related to nuclear-capable missiles ("Iran is called upon not to undertake any activity related to ballistic missiles designed to be capable of delivering nuclear weapons, including launches using such ballistic missile technology"[3]), but according to diplomats the language is not legally binding and cannot be enforced with punitive measures.[4]

On June 9, 2020, U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres stated that cruise missiles used in multiple 2019 attacks on Saudi Arabia had Iranian origin. Cruise missiles used in several attacks on oil facilities and an international airport in Saudi Arabia last year had Iranian origin, as were several items in U.S. interdiction of materiel in November 2019 and February 2020. Some items were allegedly transferred between February 2016 and April 2018 in a matter possibly "inconsistent" with Resolution 2231.[5]

On August 14, 2020, a proposal by the US to extend arms restrictions on Iran set to expire in October of that year under resolution 2231 was defeated at the Security Council, with only the Dominican Republic voting with the US in favour, while China and Russia voted against. The remaining 11 members of the council abstained from the vote. In response to the defeat, the Iranian ambassador to the United Nations Majid Takht-Ravanchi remarked that "the result of the vote in [the UNSC] on arms embargo against Iran shows—once more—the US' isolation. Council's message: NO to UNILATERALISM."[6][7][8]



See also

References
  1. Security Council, Adopting Resolution 2231 (2015), Endorses Joint Comprehensive Agreement on Iran’s Nuclear Programme United Nations
  2. "Zarif: Iranians should feel changes according to UN Resolution 2231". irna.ir. Islamic Republic News Agency. September 23, 2015. Retrieved August 18, 2016. The Iranian nation should feel fundamental changes in accordance with the UN Security Council Resolution 2231
  3. "Resolution 2231" (PDF). United Nations Security Council. Jul 20, 2015. p. 99. S/RES/2231 (2015). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 19, 2015.
  4. "Iran missile tests defied UN resolution, say US and European allies". Deutsche Welle. Mar 30, 2016.
  5. "Arms seized by U.S., missiles used to attack Saudi Arabia 'of Iranian origin': U.N." Reuters. 12 June 2020.
  6. Majid Takht-Ravanchi [@TakhtRavanchi] (16 August 2020). "The result of the vote in #UNSC on arms embargo against Iran shows—once more—the US' isolation.Council's message: NO to UNILATERALISM" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  7. "US sees embarrassing UN defeat over Iran arms embargo proposal". The Guardian. August 15, 2020.
  8. "Security Council Announces Failure to Adopt Text on Iran Sanctions by 2 Against, 2 in Favour, 11 Abstentions". UN. UN. 14 August 2020. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
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