Mthatha

Mthatha[3] /əmˈtɑːtɑː/ (listen), or Umtata, is the main city of the King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality in Eastern Cape province of South Africa and the capital of OR Tambo District Municipality. The city has an airport, previously known by the name K. D. Matanzima Airport[4] after former leader Kaiser Matanzima. Mthatha derives its name from the nearby Mthatha River which was named after the Sneezewood (umtati) trees, famous for their wood and medicinal properties.[5]

Mthatha

Umtata
The Nelson Mandela Museum in Mthatha
Mthatha
Mthatha
Coordinates: 31°34′00″S 28°46′00″E
CountrySouth Africa
ProvinceEastern Cape
DistrictO.R.Tambo
MunicipalityKing Sabata Dalindyebo
Area
 • Total54.97 km2 (21.22 sq mi)
Population
 (2019)[1]
 • Total210,783
 • Density3,800/km2 (9,900/sq mi)
Racial makeup (2011)
 • Black African90.6%
 • Coloured6.7%
 • Indian/Asian1.2%
 • White1.0%
 • Other0.5%
First languages (2011)
 • Xhosa85.0%
 • English8.6%
 • Afrikaans1.1%
 • Other5.2%
Time zoneUTC+2 (SAST)
Postal code (street)
5099
PO box
5099
Area code047
Websitehttp://www.mthatha.co.za

History
1913 panoramic view of Mthatha with the Mthatha River in the foreground and the Drakensberg mountains in the distance by Caesar Carl Hans Henkel

The settlement existed in the 1870s as a buffer-zone, in response to reported tensions between Pondo and neighbouring Thembu groups, and in 1875 a magistrate's office was opened, the first magistrate appointed that year being a man named J F Boyes. The settlement developed during the next few years, becoming a military post for the British colonial forces in 1882. The town itself was founded in 1883, along the banks of the Mthatha River. Nearly a century later, the Mthatha Dam was constructed about eight kilometers upstream of the town.[6] Mthatha became the leading administrative center of the area, having both Anglican and Catholic cathedrals.The town became the headquarters of the Transkeian Territories General Council (known as the Bunga) and building which served as a parliament was erected in 1903.[5] This was followed by the construction of the town hall in 1908.[7] A branch of the University of Fort Hare was established in the town, and after the independence of the Transkei in 1977 it became the University of Transkei. In 2005, University of Transkei with Border Technikon and Eastern Cape Technikon were merged to form the Walter Sisulu University for Technology and Science. The campus was the base for the region's first community radio station, UCRFM, which started in 1996 and has become a significant community broadcaster.

On 1 August 1973, Mthatha High Court was opened.[5][8]

In 1973, a summit meeting of the black homeland leaders was held at Umtata, when they decided to federate their own states after independence. In 1976, Transkei was granted independence as a bantustan, a nominally independent state not recognised outside of South Africa, and Mthatha served as the capital under the name "Umtata".[5] During the Transkei regime, an airport named the then leader of Transkei KD Matanzima was built. On 21 May 2012, the airport was formally handed over to Lindiwe Sisulu, then Minister of Defence, by Noxolo Kiviet, then Premier of the Eastern Cape. However, the South African National Defence Force revoked its control of the airport in 2013. The airport was renamed Mthatha Airport.

After the end of apartheid, some sections of the African business and professional community migrated to traditionally white areas of economic activity, and this has been widely posited as a cause of economic recession in the municipality, but a number of construction projects offer some hope for renewal.

Many of South Africa's black leaders – including Walter Sisulu, Sabelo Phama, Bantu Holomisa, and Nelson Mandela — come from this area, and the retired Mandela visited his home village of Qunu a few kilometres south of Mthatha.

Mthatha is a focal point of the Nelson Mandela Route which celebrates the life of late Nelson Mandela. There are three Nelson Mandela Museums: Spread across three sites, it collects, interprets and exhibits key aspects of the story of the life and times of Nelson Mandela in context. The three historical sites of the museum are all in the locality at Mvezo, Qunu, and the Bunga Building in Mthatha itself. In the Bunga Building is the story of the Long Walk to Freedom and an exhibition of the many gifts received by Nelson Mandela.

On 2 March 2004, Umtata was renamed "Mthatha".

Business

Mthatha has 2 major taxi businesses (Uncedo Taxi Association and Border Taxi Association). These Associations had a feud over the R61 road from Mthatha to Libode and Port St. Johns. This Feud resulted in taxi ranks being closed by the Government. Over 60 fatalities were reported during the period of the feud. In 2018, the Minister of Police Bheki Cele closed all taxi ranks in Mthatha and demanded that the taxi associations to negotiate with the police and said that they should merge to form one association but they refused and they started taking people legal after Bheki Cele said they shouldn't. As a result, some taxis were impounded by the police. Sagasranks where opened in Mthatha but the ranks that were not opened triggered Riot's with people protesting and police firing rubber bullets and teargas with one affecting a nearby school (st John's college). [9]

In 2019, two final year students, from the Walter Sisulu University developed ground breaking prosthetics which will be available at an affordable price to the poor community. These students Siphosethu Mgwili and Zanodumo Godlimpi were at the university awarded the first ever WSU vice-chancellors award for most innovative prototype.[10]

Religion

The city is the episcopal see of both the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mthatha and the Anglican Diocese of Mthatha.

Economy

Mthatha falls under OR Tambo District Municipality which is the poorest district in the Eastern Cape in terms of all poverty measures. It has the lowest HDI (0.45) and the highest poverty gap (2 231 million) in the Eastern Cape. The number of people living in poverty is also high in this district (64.6%), unemployment is at 65.5% and the literacy rate 42.2%.[11]

In 2006, it was reported the King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality was owed R250 million by residents in unpaid service fees—counts among its creditors the South African Revenue Service (to which it owes R18-million), the Public Investment Commission (R84 million), the national water affairs and forestry department (R46 million) and the Development Bank of Southern Africa (R13 million).[12] According to SA Delivery, The average annual income of a black Mthatha resident is R15,762.[13] The town has also been plagued by complaints around its roads. Despite all that, a new dawn is beckoning for Mthatha with the construction of infrastructure like BT Ngebs Mall and Mayfair Hotel.

Facilities
  • Stadiums: Mthatha Stadium, Khaya Majola, Rotary
  • Malls: BT Ngebs Mall and Mthatha Plaza, Circus Triangle
  • University: Walter Sisulu University
  • Clinics: Ngangelizwe Clinic
  • Hospitals: Life St Mary's Hospital, Mthatha Private Hospital and Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital
  • Hotels:Mayfair Hotel

Notable people from Mthatha

Climate
Climate data for Mthatha
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 42
(108)		 40
(104)		 40
(104)		 36
(97)		 34
(93)		 30
(86)		 30
(86)		 33
(91)		 44
(111)		 38
(100)		 41
(106)		 41
(106)		 44
(111)
Average high °C (°F) 27
(81)		 27
(81)		 26
(79)		 25
(77)		 23
(73)		 21
(70)		 21
(70)		 22
(72)		 23
(73)		 23
(73)		 25
(77)		 27
(81)		 24
(75)
Average low °C (°F) 16
(61)		 16
(61)		 15
(59)		 12
(54)		 8
(46)		 4
(39)		 4
(39)		 7
(45)		 9
(48)		 11
(52)		 13
(55)		 15
(59)		 11
(52)
Record low °C (°F) 9
(48)		 9
(48)		 7
(45)		 1
(34)		 −1
(30)		 −3
(27)		 −3
(27)		 −1
(30)		 1
(34)		 2
(36)		 4
(39)		 7
(45)		 −3
(27)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 87
(3.4)		 89
(3.5)		 83
(3.3)		 58
(2.3)		 18
(0.7)		 11
(0.4)		 18
(0.7)		 15
(0.6)		 35
(1.4)		 73
(2.9)		 75
(3.0)		 88
(3.5)		 650
(25.6)
Average rainy days (≥ 1 mm) 15 14 13 8 5 3 3 5 8 13 13 14 113
Source: South African Weather Service, 1961-1990[14]

Mthatha has a warm oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb) closely bordering on both a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and a semi-arid climate (BSh/BSk).

gollark: What?
gollark: Yes, I'm not *that* significant.
gollark: I mean, even before the rule changes, I even advertised potatOS *with* a disclaimer!
gollark: "Had" to?
gollark: Yes, which is now fixed, which is good.

See also

References
  1. "Main Place Mthatha". Census 2011.
  3. Jenkins, Elwyn (2007), Falling into place: the story of modern South African place names, David Philip Publishers, p. 75
  4. "K D Matanzima Airport". Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 29 May 2006.
  5. "Umtata". South African Venues. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
  6. Fatoki, OS, Muyima, NYO and Lujiza, M (October 2001). "Situation analysis of water quality in the Umtata River catchment" (PDF). Water SA. 27 (4). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2007.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. "Umtata South Africa". Britannica. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
  8. "A High Court is established in Umtata, capital of the Transkei". South African History Online. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
  9. "E Cape in name change spotlight". News24. 27 October 2004. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
  10. "Walter Sisulu University students' groundbreaking inventions to save amputees millions". rnews.co.za. 25 November 2019. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  11. "Mthatha". Olive Leaf Foundation. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
  12. Mgibisa, Mbuyisa. "Mthatha in dire straits". Mail & Guardian. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
  13. Harrison, Karen. "Can Mthatha turn the corner?" (PDF). SA Delivery. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
  14. "Climate data: Umtata: standard normal 1961 to 1990". South African Weather Service. Archived from the original on 8 March 2010. Retrieved 16 July 2010.
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