Umm al-Tut

Umm al-Tut (Arabic: ام التوت‎, romanized: ām āltwt, literally "mum-berries") is a Palestinian village in the West Bank, located 6 km southeast of the city of Jenin in the northern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 1,003 inhabitants in mid-year 2006.[3]

Umm al-Tut
Municipality type D (Village council)
Arabic transcription(s)
 • Arabicام التوت
Umm al-Tut
Location of Umm al-Tut within Palestine
Coordinates: 32°25′56″N 35°20′40″E
Palestine grid182/204
StateState of Palestine
GovernorateJenin
Government
 • TypeVillage council
Population
 (2006)
 • Total1,003
Name meaning"The place with the mulberries"[1]
"The mother of all strawberries"[2]

History

In 1870, Umm al-Tut, called Oumm et-Toutah, situated south of Deir Abu Da'if, was one of the villages Victor Guérin noted from Faqqua.[4]

In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described the village as resembling El Mughair, and that it stood "amongst dense thickets on the north and west, and has open plough-land on the south."[5]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Umm al-Tut had a population 94 Muslims,[6] increasing in the 1931 census to 129 Muslims, in a total of 24 houses.[7]

In 1945 statistics the population was 170 Muslims,[8] with 4,876 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey.[9] Of this, 132 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 1,705 dunams were for cereals,[10] while a total of 6 dunams were built-up, urban land.[11]

Jordanian era

Following the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and the subsequent 1949 Armistice Agreements, Umm al-Tut came under Jordanian rule.

The Jordanian census of 1961 found 266 inhabitants in Um Tut.[12]

Post-1967

Since the 1967 Six-Day War Umm al-Tut has been under Israeli occupation.

The village is a major center of natural resources, nearby villages use 10% of Umm al-Tut's abundant surplus of fuel wood and also rely on Umm al-Tut's many pastures to raise their livestock.[13] Because of this, Umm al-Tut is under notably ample pressure due to increases in illegal/unauthorized grazing, logging, hunting, and waste desposal, as well as unlawful seizures of property by neighboring villages to convert into agricultural stock.[13]

gollark: These axes make no sense!
gollark: Consequentialism doesn't imply revenge, what even, who designed this.
gollark: Why does it put me on the *deontologist* end of this axis? What?
gollark: Well, I can if I read the code.
gollark: I can't tell.

References
  1. Palmer, 1881, p. 170
  2. Haaretz
  3. Projected Mid -Year Population for Jenin Governorate by Locality 2004- 2006 Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
  4. Guérin, 1874, p. 336
  5. Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 82
  6. Barron, 1923, Table V, Sub-district of Jenin, p. 29
  7. Mills, 1932, p. 71
  8. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 17
  9. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 55
  10. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 100
  11. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 150
  12. Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 25
  13. http://www.mahmiyat.ps/en/park/about?park_id=1

Bibliography
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