Tumaco

Tumaco is a port city and municipality in the Nariño Department, Colombia, by the Pacific Ocean. It is located on the southwestern corner of Colombia, near the border with Ecuador, and enjoys of hot tropical climate. Tumaco is inhabited mainly by Afro-Colombians and some indigenous people.

San Andrés de Tumaco
El Bajito beach
Flag
Seal
Motto(s): 
Tumaco For Everyone
Location of the city (red) and municipality (dark gray) of Tumaco in the Nariño Department.
San Andrés de Tumaco
Location of the city (red) and municipality (dark gray) of Tumaco in the Nariño Department.
Coordinates: 1°48′24″N 78°45′53″W
CountryColombia
DepartmentNariño Department
Founded1640
Government
 • MayorJulio César Rivera
Area
 • Total3,760 km2 (1,450 sq mi)
Elevation
2 m (7 ft)
Population
 (2019 est.[1])
 • Total221,469
 • Density59/km2 (150/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Tumaquian
Time zoneUTC-5
Area code(s)57 + 2
WebsiteOfficial website (in Spanish)

Tumaco is accessible by plane, from the western city of Cali, one of the main urban centers of the country, well connected to Bogotá, the capital city. It can also be reached by land via highway from the city of Pasto, the capital city of the Nariño Department. Tumaco is known for being the hometown of many great Colombian soccer players, including Willington Ortiz.

Colombian film director Samuel Córdoba released a documentary about the city in 2009. The film, entitled "Tumaco Pacífico",[2] chronicles the stilt-house area of the city, predominantly populated by Afro-Colombians. Córdoba was inspired by a panoramic photo of the stilt houses he saw in a photography book on Tumaco. The film won first place at the Festival de Cine Latinoamericano de Bordeaux, in France, and was presented at the Festival Internacional de Cine, in Santiago, Chile.

Other places of interest include ecotourism sites and beaches located near the mouth of the Mira River, where the river meets the sea. Also, there are the Playas de Milagros (beaches of Miracles), and Bocananueva y Teran beaches, where visitors can experience the diversity of flora and fauna first-hand.[3]

  • Tumaco gold figure 1st century BC.
  • Embraer ERJ 145 at the La Florida (Colombia) airport.
  • Potosi Merchant vessel unloading fertilizers at the Tumaco port.
  • Embraer ERJ-170LR at the La Florida (Colombia) airport.
  • Bajito beach at Tumaco.
  • Panoramic view of the Viciosa island at Tumaco.

Climate

Like all of the Colombian Pacific coast, Tumaco has a warm, rainy, overcast and humid tropical rainforest climate (Köppen Af), although it is less extreme than areas further north, with annual rainfall totalling only around 2,600 millimetres (102.4 in), vis-à-vis 6,900 millimetres (271.7 in) at Buenaventura and 8,130 millimetres (320.1 in) at Quibdó. The wettest months are from January to June, and there is a rainfall trough in August opposite to northern Colombia.

Climate data for Tumaco
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 29.0
(84.2)		 29.3
(84.7)		 29.6
(85.3)		 29.7
(85.5)		 29.4
(84.9)		 29.2
(84.6)		 29.1
(84.4)		 29.1
(84.4)		 28.9
(84.0)		 29.0
(84.2)		 28.8
(83.8)		 28.8
(83.8)		 29.2
(84.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 25.8
(78.4)		 26.1
(79.0)		 26.3
(79.3)		 26.5
(79.7)		 26.4
(79.5)		 26.1
(79.0)		 25.9
(78.6)		 25.9
(78.6)		 25.8
(78.4)		 25.8
(78.4)		 25.6
(78.1)		 25.7
(78.3)		 26.0
(78.8)
Average low °C (°F) 23.5
(74.3)		 23.5
(74.3)		 23.8
(74.8)		 23.8
(74.8)		 23.8
(74.8)		 23.6
(74.5)		 23.5
(74.3)		 23.5
(74.3)		 23.6
(74.5)		 23.6
(74.5)		 23.5
(74.3)		 23.4
(74.1)		 23.6
(74.5)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 341.8
(13.46)		 276.8
(10.90)		 286.9
(11.30)		 330.8
(13.02)		 360.1
(14.18)		 217.8
(8.57)		 166.4
(6.55)		 97.1
(3.82)		 125.5
(4.94)		 113.9
(4.48)		 136.2
(5.36)		 205.1
(8.07)		 2,658.4
(104.65)
Average rainy days 21 19 19 21 24 22 19 16 17 15 14 17 224
Average relative humidity (%) 88 88 86 87 88 88 87 86 86 86 87 88 87
Mean monthly sunshine hours 114.7 127.0 158.1 153.0 124.0 111.0 130.2 142.6 105.0 108.5 99.0 105.4 1,478.5
Mean daily sunshine hours 3.7 4.5 5.1 5.1 4.0 3.7 4.2 4.6 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.4 4.1
Source: [4]

Economy

Tumaco's location on the coast provides it with a number of maritime-related economic activities. A primary one is

Agricultural production near Tumaco includes dry rice, palm oil and cacao. 35,000 hectares and seven extraction factories are dedicated to the production of palm oil. Family farms also grow cereals.

Tourism has started to take on a more important significance in recent years. The city is nationally known for its music, producing football players, and its beaches.

Transportation

La Florida Airport serves Tumaco with flights from Cali.

Tumaco is the site of Colombia's second most important Pacific port behind Buenaventura. Due to the limited development of roads in the region, the port is the primary way of accessing several villages along the coast.

A paved, 300km long highway connects Tumaco with the departmental capital Pasto.

Impact of the armed conflict

Tumaco was highly affected by the Colombian armed conflict as recently as 2011. On 17 August 2011, four soldiers from the Colombian army were killed in Tumaco by FARC-EP guerrillas from the 29th front.[5] On 29 August 2011 five more soldiers were killed by guerrillas in the outskirts of the city,[6] A few weeks earlier, guerrillas from the Western Bloc of the FARC-EP stormed the local prison, freeing roughly fifteen imprisoned FARC members.[7]

On 26 September, seven people, including a local politician, were killed by unidentified gunmen in the inner city. The perpetrators also kidnapped one politician. Apart from the FARC-EP, the area was the home turf of paramilitary groups like the right-wing Los Rastrojos and the Guevarist, left-wing Ejército de Liberación Nacional.[8] Consequently, Tumaco is bound to benefit greatly from the recent peace treaty with the FARC.

See also

References

  1. "Resultados y proyecciones (2005-2020) del censo 2005". Retrieved 1 July 2019.
  2. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved 23 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 18 December 2014. Retrieved 12 March 2010.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1981+-+2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128
  5. http://www.eltiempo.com/colombia/occidente/ARTICULO-WEB-NEW_NOTA_INTERIOR-10170446.html
  6. http://www.elespectador.com/noticias/judicial/articulo-295250-cinco-policias-muertos-ataque-de-farc-tumaco
  7. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-14101416
  8. http://feeds.univision.com/feeds/article/2011-09-26/asesinan-a-siete-personas-entre?refPath=/noticias/ultimas-noticias/ Archived 23 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine
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