Thuringian dialect

Thuringian
Native to	Germany
Region	Thuringia
Language family	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic Irminonic High German Central German East Central German Thuringian; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	thur1252[1]
	Central German dialects Thuringian (7)

Thuringian is an East Central German dialect group spoken in much of the modern German Free State of Thuringia north of the Rennsteig ridge, southwestern Saxony-Anhalt and adjacent territories of Hesse and Bavaria. It is close to Upper Saxon spoken mainly in the state of Saxony, therefore both are also regarded as one Thuringian-Upper Saxon dialect group. Thuringian dialects are among the Central German dialects with the highest number of speakers.

History

Thuringian emerged during the medieval German Ostsiedlung migration from about 1100, when settlers from Franconia (Main Franconia), Bavaria, Saxony, and Flanders settled in the areas east of the Saale River previously inhabited by Polabian Slavs.

Characteristics

The Thuringian dialect is characterized by a rounding of the vowels, the weakening of consonants of Standard German (the lenition of the consonants "p," "t," and "k"), a marked difference in the pronunciation of the "g" sound (which is most common in the areas of North Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt areas), and a highly-idiosyncratic, melodic intonation of sentences. The second German consonant shift manifested itself in a manner different from that elsewhere in the areas that spoke High German. In many words, "b" is pronounced as "w" or "f" would be in Standard German. For example, the word "aber" (but) is pronounced as "awer". The Thuringian dialect has advanced beyond the stage of basilect.

Classification

Dialects in Thuringia

Subgroups according to German dialectology:[2]

Central Thuringian, spoken around the Turingian capital Erfurt, Gotha, and Ilmenau
Northern Thuringian, around Mühlhausen and Nordhausen
- Eichsfeld dialect
Eastern Thuringian, spoken around Eisenberg and Altenburg as well as in the adjacent area of Naumburg, Weissenfels and Zeitz in Saxony-Anhalt
Southeastern Thuringian around Schleiz, Greiz, Saalfeld and Gera, as well as around Ludwigsstadt in neighbouring Bavaria.

Further variants:

Ilm Thuringian, around Rudolstadt, Jena, and Weimar
Northeastern Thuringian, spoken around Artern as well as in the adjacent areas of Querfurt, Halle and Merseburg of Saxony-Anhalt
- Mansfeld dialect
Western Thuringian, around Bad Salzungen and Eisenach, with transitions into the Main-Franconian (Henneberg) and (East) Hessian dialect area.

gollark: I forgot the exact ordering, but 2 is on my disk somewhere, 3 and 4 are very similar and also there, and 5 is on my disk somewhere.

gollark: Minoteaur 1 and 6 are publicly available.

gollark: I have not bothered to publicly release it yet.

gollark: The main issue is that the rest of the stuff I have to implement is kind of boring but there are vast quantities of it.

gollark: Although technically the present one is Minoteaur 7.1, not 7, they're both pythonous.

References

Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Thuringian". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
Ludwig Erich Schmitt (editor): Germanische Dialektologie. Franz Steiner, Wiesbaden 1968, p. 133

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[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Thuringian". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[2] Ludwig Erich Schmitt (editor): Germanische Dialektologie. Franz Steiner, Wiesbaden 1968, p. 133