The Beautiful and Damned

The Beautiful and Damned, first published by Scribner's in 1922, is F. Scott Fitzgerald's second novel. It explores and portrays New York café society and the American Eastern elite during the Jazz Age before and after the Great War in the early 1920s.[1][2] As in his other novels, Fitzgerald's characters in this novel are complex, materialistic and experience significant disruptions in respect to classism, marriage, and intimacy. The work generally is considered to be based on Fitzgerald's relationship and marriage with his wife Zelda Fitzgerald.[1]

This article is about the F. Scott Fitzgerald novel. For the 1922 film adaptation, see The Beautiful and Damned (film). For the G-Eazy album, see The Beautiful & Damned (album).
The Beautiful and Damned
The first edition cover
AuthorF. Scott Fitzgerald
Cover artistWilliam E. Hill
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
GenreNovel
PublisherCharles Scribner's Sons
Publication date
March 1922
Media typePrint (Hardback & Paperback)
ISBN0-7434-5150-3
Preceded byThis Side of Paradise (1920) 
Followed byThe Great Gatsby (1925) 

Plot summary

The Beautiful and Damned tells the story of Anthony Patch in 1910s New York, a socialite and presumptive heir to a tycoon's fortune; his complicated marriage to Gloria Gilbert; the couple's troubling experience with wealth and status; his brief service in the Army during World War I; and Anthony and Gloria's journey through alcoholism and partying.[1][3] Gloria and Anthony's story deals with the hardships of a relationship, especially when they are each pitted against the other's selfish attitudes. Once the couple's infatuation with each other fades, they begin to see their differences that do more harm than good, as well as leaving each other with some unfulfilled hopes.

Toward the end of the novel, Fitzgerald summarizes the plot and his intentions in writing it, even referring to his own first novel, when a financially successful writer friend tells Anthony:

"You know these new novels make me tired. My God! Everywhere I go some silly girl asks me if I've read This Side of Paradise. Are our girls really like that? If it's true to life, which I don't believe, the next generation is going to the dogs. I'm sick of all this shoddy realism. I think there's a place for the romanticist in literature."[4]

Major characters
  • Anthony Patch—A self-acclaimed romantic who is an heir to his grandfather's large fortune. He is unambitious, and therefore unmotivated to work even as he pursues various careers. He is enthralled by Gloria Gilbert and falls in love with her immediately. He is drafted into the army but does not display active or patriotic service. Throughout the novel he compensates for a lack of vocation with parties and increasing alcoholism. His expectations of future wealth make him powerless to act in the present, leaving him with empty relationships in the end.
  • Gloria Gilbert—A beauty who takes Anthony's heart, breaking a heart or two along the way. She is a socialite but entertains notions of becoming an actress. Gloria is self-absorbed but loves Anthony. Her personality revolves around her beauty and a (not unjustified) belief that this makes her more important than everyone else. She simultaneously loves Anthony and hates him. Like Anthony, she is incapable of being in the present because she cannot imagine a future beyond her first flower of beauty. Gloria's obsession with her appearance spoils any chance for personal victories.
  • Richard "Dick" Caramel—An aspiring author and one of Anthony's best friends. During the course of the book he publishes his novel The Demon Lover and basks in his glory for a good amount of time after publication. He is Gloria's cousin and the one who brought Anthony and Gloria together.
  • Mr. Bloeckman—A movie producer who is in love with Gloria and hopes she will leave Anthony for him. Gloria and Bloeckman had a relationship in the works when Gloria and Anthony were introduced. He is a friend of the family, but Gloria falls for Anthony instead. He continues to be friends with Gloria, giving Anthony some suspicion of an affair.
  • Dorothy "Dot" Raycroft—The 19 year old woman that Anthony has an affair with while training for the army. She is a lost soul looking for someone to share her life with. She falls in love with Anthony despite learning that he is married, causes problems between Gloria and Anthony, and spurs Anthony's decline in mental health.

Themes
The Fitzgeralds' grave in Rockville, Maryland, inscribed with the final sentence of
The Great Gatsby.

The Beautiful and Damned has been described as a morality tale, a meditation on love, money and decadence, and a social documentary. It concerns the characters' disproportionate appreciation of and focus on their past, which tends to consume them in the present.[3] The theme of absorption in the past also continues through much of Fitzgerald's later works, perhaps best summarized in the final line of his 1925 novel The Great Gatsby: "So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past", which is inscribed on Fitzgerald's tombstone shared with Zelda in Maryland.[1]

According to Fitzgerald critic James West, The Beautiful and Damned is concerned with the question of 'vocation'—what does one do with oneself when one has nothing to do? Fitzgerald presents Gloria as a woman whose vocation is nothing more than to catch a husband. After her marriage to Anthony, Gloria's sole vocation is to slide into indulgence and indolence, while her husband's sole vocation is to wait for his inheritance, during which time he slides into depression and alcoholism.[5]

Publication history
A hand-drawn sketch by Zelda Fitzgerald in which she envisioned the dust-jacket for her husband's novel. Ultimately, the publisher would use a painting by W.E. Hill for the dust-jacket.

Fitzgerald wrote The Beautiful and Damned quickly in the winter and spring of 1921–22 while Zelda was pregnant with their daughter,[2] following editorial suggestions from his friend Edmund Wilson and his editor Max Perkins.[1] Chapters of the book were serialized in Metropolitan Magazine in late 1921, and in March 1922, the book was published. Following his best-selling This Side of Paradise, Scribner's prepared an initial print run of 20,000 copies, and mounted an advertising campaign. It sold well enough to warrant additional print runs reaching 50,000 copies.[1]

Fitzgerald dedicated the novel to the Irish writer Shane Leslie, George Jean Nathan, and Maxwell Perkins "in appreciation of much literary help and encouragement".[6]

Originally called by Fitzgerald The Flight of the Rocket as a working-title, he had divided it pre-publication into three major parts: "The Pleasant Absurdity of Things", "The Romantic Bitterness of Things", and "The Ironic Tragedy of Things".[1] As published, however, it consists of three, untitled "Books" of three chapters each:[7]

  • Book One
1. – Anthony Patch
2. – Portrait of a Siren
3. – The Connoisseur of Kisses
  • Book Two
1. – The Radiant Hour
2. – Symposium
3. – The Broken Lute
  • Book Three
1. – A Matter of Civilization
2. – A Matter of Aesthetics
3. – No Matter!

The first book tells the story of the first meeting and courtship of a beautiful and spoiled couple, Anthony and Gloria, madly in love, with Gloria ecstatically exclaiming: "mother says that two souls are sometimes created together—and in love before they're born."[8]

Book two covers the first three years of their married life together, with Anthony and Gloria vowing to adhere to

"The magnificent attitude of not giving a damn...for what they chose to do and what consequences it brought. Not to be sorry, not to lose one cry of regret, to live according to a clear code of honor toward each other, and to seek the moment's happiness as fervently and persistently as possible."[9]

The final book recounts Anthony's disinheritance, just as the U.S. enters World War I; his year in the army while Gloria remains home alone until his return; and the couple's rapid, final decline into alcoholism, dissolution and ruin – "to the syncopated beat of the Jazz Age".[1]

At the end, Anthony Patch shows some of the same revisionism as his grandfather in the opening chapter, describing his great wealth as a necessary consequence of his character rather than to circumstance. Fitzgerald writing in the closing lines of the novel:

"Only a few months before people had been urging him to give in, to submit to mediocrity...But he had known that he was justified in his way of life—and he had stuck it out staunchly...'I showed them...It was a hard fight, but I didn't give up and I came through!"[10]

Reception

Louise Field, in The New York Times, found the novel showed Fitzgerald to be talented but too pessimistic, and hoped he "will some day acquire a less one-sided understanding".[11]

Adaptations
Lobby card for the 1922 film adaptation.

A film adaptation in 1922, directed by William A. Seiter, starred Kenneth Harlan as Anthony Patch and Marie Prevost as Gloria.[12]

There is a French and a German translation.[13]

Musician G-Eazy titled one album after the novel and based a number of the song concepts on what was going on in the book and in his life.

gollark: And whatever framework it's using can't just serve static files conveniently?
gollark: I have a "useful" "production" "application" using Express.
gollark: I would recommend just using express or something. It works fine.
gollark: This is true.
gollark: Directory traversal isn't THAT hard to avoid.

References
  1. Bruccoli, Matthew J. – Some Sort of Epic Grandeur: The Life of F. Scott Fitzgerald, Carroll & Graf, New York, 1992.
  2. Milford, Nancy – Zelda: A Biography, Harper & Row, New York, 1970.
  3. Perosa, Sergio (1965). "The Beautiful and Damned". The Art of F. Scott Fitzgerald. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. LCCN 65-11463.
  4. Fitzgerald, F. Scott – The Beautiful and Damned, Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1922 – pg. 421.
  5. James West – The Perfect Hour: The Romance of F. Scott Fitzgerald and Ginevra King, Random House, New York, 2005, pg. 48–51.
  6. The Beautiful and Damned, p. iv.
  7. The Beautiful and Damned, p. v.
  8. The Beautiful and Damned, p.131.
  9. The Beautiful and Damned, p.226.
  10. The Beautiful and Damned, p.449.
  11. Maunsell Field, Louise (March 5, 1922). "Latest Works of Fiction". The New York Times.
  12. Seiter, William. "The Beautiful and Damned (1922)". The New York Times.
  13. Winters, Marion (2004). "German Translations of F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Beautiful and Damned. A Corpus-based Study of Modal Particles as Features of Translators' Style". In Kemble, Ian (ed.). Using Corpora and Databases in Translation: Proceedings of the Conference Held on 14th November 2003 in Portsmouth. London: University of Portsmouth. pp. 71–89. ISBN 1861373651.

Sources
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