Ti'inik

Ti'inik (Arabic: تعّنك‎; Hebrew: תיעניכ‎), also transliterated Ta'anakh, Ti’innik or Taanach, is a Palestinian village in the West Bank, located 13 km Northwest of the city of Jenin in the northern West Bank.

Ti'inik
Municipality type D (Village council)
Arabic transcription(s)
 • Arabicتعّنك
Ti'inik
Location of Ti'inik within Palestine
Ti'inik
Ti'inik (the Palestinian territories)
Coordinates: 32°31′11″N 35°13′16″E
Palestine grid170/214
StatePalestine
GovernorateJenin
Government
 • TypeVillage council
Population
 (2006)
 • Total1,095
Name meaningsandy[1]

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 1,095 inhabitants in mid-year 2006.[2]

Archaeology
Cultic terracotta found at Tel Taanach, now in the Istanbul Archaeology Museums

tꜣꜥnꜣkꜣ[3][4]
in hieroglyphs

Just to the north of Ti'inik is a 40-metre-high mound which was the site of the biblical city Taanach[5] or Tanach (Hebrew: תַּעֲנָךְ‎; Ancient Greek: Θαναάχ),[3][6] a Levitical city allocated to the Kohathites.[7][8] Excavations at the tell were carried out by Albert Glock mostly during the 1970s and 1980s. Twelve Akkadian cuneiform tablets were found here. Approximately one third of the names on these tablets are of Hurrian origin, indicating a significant northern ethnic presence.[9][10] Pottery remains from the Roman, Byzantine, and the Middle Ages have been found here.[11] The main remains visible today are of an 11th-century Abbasid palace.[12]

Ottoman era

Ti'inik, like the rest of Palestine, was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517, and in the census of 1596, the village appeared as "Ta'inniq", located in the nahiya of Sara in the liwa of Lajjun. It had a population of 13 households, all Muslim. They paid a taxes on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, summer crops, goats and beehives, in addition to occasional revenues; a total of 7,000 akçe.[13]

In 1838, Ta'annuk was noted as a Muslim village in the Jenin district;[14] It only contained a few families, but was said to have been much larger, and to contain ruins.[15]

In 1870 Victor Guérin found that the village consisted of ten houses.[16] He further described it as: 'Once the southern sides and the whole upper plateau of the oblong hill on which the village stands were covered with buildings, as is proved by the innumerable fragments of pottery scattered on the soil, and the materials of every kind which are met with at every step: the larger stones have been carried away elsewhere. Below the village is a little mosque, which passes for an ancient Christian church. It lies, in fact, east and west, and all the stones with which it is built belong to early constructions; some of them are decorated with sculptures. Farther on in the plain are several cisterns cut in the rock, and a well, called Bir Tannuk.[17]

In 1882 the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it as "A small village, which stands on the south-east side of the great Tell or mound of the same name at the edge of the plain. It has olives on the south, and wells on the north, and is surrounded with cactus hedges. There is a white dome in the village. The rock on the sides of the Tell is quarried in places, the wells are ancient, and rock-cut tombs occur on the north near the foot of the mound."[18]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Ti'inik had a population of 65; all Muslims.[19] In the 1931 census it had 64; still all Muslim, in a total of 15 houses.[20]

In the 1945 statistics the population was 100; all Muslims,[21] with 32,263 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey.[22] 452 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 31,301 dunams for cereals,[23] while a total of 4 dunams were built-up, urban land.[24]

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Ti'inik came under Jordanian rule.

The Jordanian census of 1961 found 246 inhabitants.[25]

post-1967

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Ti'inik has been under Israeli occupation.

Footnotes
  1. Palmer, 1881, p. 153
  2. Projected Mid-Year Population for Jenin Governorate by Locality 2004- 2006 Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
  3. Gauthier, Henri (1929). Dictionnaire des Noms Géographiques Contenus dans les Textes Hiéroglyphiques Vol. 6. p. 5.
  4. Wallis Budge, E. A. (1920). An Egyptian hieroglyphic dictionary: with an index of English words, king list and geological list with indexes, list of hieroglyphic characters, coptic and semitic alphabets, etc. Vol II. John Murray. p. 1052.
  5. e.g. New International Version
  6. e.g. New King James Version
  7. Joshua 21:25
  8. Freedman et al, 2000, p. 1228: "Its identification with modern Tell Ta`annek (171214) is undisputed because of the continuity in the name and because of its location on the southern branch of the Via Maris, next to the pass of Megiddo."
  9. Gustavs, A. (1927) Die Personennamen in den Tontafeln von Tell Ta-annek. ZDPV 50, 1-18.
  10. Glock, A.E. (1971) A New Ta-annek Tablet. BASOR 204, 17-30.
  11. Zertal, 2016, pp. 177-179
  12. Dave Winter: Israel handbook: with the Palestinian Authority areas p. 644
  13. Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 159
  14. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, 2nd Appendix, pp. 126,131
  15. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, pp. 156, 159
  16. Guérin, 1875, p. 226
  17. Guérin, 1875, pp. 226 -228; as translated by Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 68
  18. Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 46
  19. Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Jenin, p. 30
  20. Mills, 1932, p. 71
  21. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 17
  22. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 55
  23. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 99
  24. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 149
  25. Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 25

Bibliography
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