Swedish units of measurement

In Sweden, a common system for weights and measures was introduced by law in 1665. Before that, there were a number of local variants. The system was slightly revised in 1735. In 1855, a decimal reform was instituted that defined a new Swedish inch as ​¹⁄₁₀ Swedish foot (2.96 cm or 1.17 inches). Up to the middle of the 19th century, there was a law allowing the imposition of the death penalty for falsifying weights or measures. Sweden adopted the metric system in 1889, after a decision by the parliament in 1875 and a ten year transition period from 1879.[1] Only the Swedish mile, mil, has been preserved, now measuring 10 kilometres (6.2 statute miles).

Old length units

The Swedish units of length included the following:

• aln – Forearm (cf. Ell) (pl. alnar). After 1863, 59.37 cm (1.948 ft). Before that, from 1605, 59.38 cm as defined by King Carl IX of Sweden in Norrköping 1604, based on Rydaholmsalnen.
• famn – Fathom, 3 alnar.
• kvarter – Quarter, ​¹⁄₄ aln
• fot – Foot, 1/2 aln. Before 1863, the Stockholm fot was the commonly accepted unit, at 29.69 cm (0.974 ft).
• linje – Line, after 1863 ​¹⁄₁₀ tum, 2.96 mm (0.117 inches). Before that, ​¹⁄₁₂ tum or 2.06 mm.
• mil – Mile, also lantmil. From 1699, defined as a unity mile of 18000 alnar or 10.69 km (6.64 mi). The unified mile was meant to define the suitable distance between inns. (The current Swedish mil is exactly 10 kilometers.)
• nymil – New mile from 1889, 10 km exactly. Commonly used to this day, only referred to as mil.
• kyndemil – The distance a torch will last, approx 16 km (9.9 mi).
• skogsmil – Also rast, distance between rests in the woods, approx. 5 km (3.1 mi).
• fjärdingsväg – ​¹⁄₄ mil
• stenkast – Stone's throw, about 50 m (164 ft), used to this day as an approximate measure.
• rev – 160 fot, for land measurement, was 100 fot after 1855.
• stång – 16 fot, for land measurement
• tum – Thumb (inch), ​¹⁄₁₂ fot, 2.474 cm. After 1863 ​¹⁄₁₀ fot, 2.96 cm, not much accepted by professional users in mechanics and carpentry who later switched to English inch (2.54 cm, abandoned only late 20th century) and metric system.
• tvärhand – Hand, 4 inches.

Old area units

• kannaland – 1000 fot ², or 88.15 m² (948.8 sq ft)
• kappland – 154.3 m² (1,661 sq ft).
• spannland – 16 kappland
• tunnland – 2 spannland or 4,937.6 m² (53,148 sq ft), about 1 acre
• kvadratmil – Square mil, 36 million square favnar, from 1739.
• hektar - 100x100m, still commonly used for land area of farms.

Old volume units

unit	relation to previous	metric value	Imperial Value
pot	-	0.966 L	0.850 imp qt; 1.021 US qt
tunna	2 spann	-
ankare	-	39.26 L	34.54 imp qt; 41.49 US qt
ohm	155 pottor	149.73 L	131.74 imp qt; 158.22 US qt
storfamn	-	3770 L (3.77 m³)	3,320 imp qt; 3,980 US qt (830 imp gal; 1,000 US gal or 133 cu ft)
kubikfamn	-	5850 L (5.85 m³)	5,150 imp qt; 6,180 US qt (1,290 imp gal; 1,550 US gal or 207 cu ft)

Old weight units

• mark – 1/2 skålpund. Was used from the Viking era, when it was approx. 203 g (7.2 oz).

unit	relation to previous	metric value	Imperial Value
skeppspund	20 lispund	170.03 kg	374.852 lb
bismerpund	12 skålpund	5.101 kg.	11.246 lb
lispund	20 skålpund	8.502 kg	18.744 lb
skålpund	2 mark	0.42507 kg	0.937 lb
mark	50 ort	212.5 g	7.496 oz
ort		4.2508 g	65.6 gr

Old nautical units

unit	relationship	metric value	Imperial Value
kabellängd (old)	100 famn	178 m	195 yd
kabellängd (modern)	1/10 nautisk mil	185.2 m	202.5 yd
kvartmil (old)	1/4 sjömil	1852m	2,025 yd
sjömil (old)		7408 m	8,101 yd

Nautical units still in use

unit	relationship	metric value	Imperial Value
nautisk mil		1852 m	2,025 yd
distansminut		1852 m	2,025 yd
sjömil (modern)		1852 m	2,025 yd

Old monetary units

• daler – From 1534, Swedish thaler. From 1873, replaced by the krona.
• riksdaler – From 1624, ​1 ¹⁄₂ daler, from 1681 2 daler, from 1715 3 daler, from 1776 6 daler
• skilling – From 1776, ​¹⁄₄₈ riksdaler
• mark – From 1534, ​¹⁄₃ daler. From 1604, ​¹⁄₄ daler.
• öre – From 1534, ​¹⁄₈ mark. Subsequently replaced by the skilling, but from 1855 reintroduced as ​¹⁄₁₀₀ riksdaler.

See also

• Historical weights and measures
• Petrograd Standard
• SI
• Weights and measures

References

1. "Riksdagens protokoll 1875:54". May 19, 1875. p. 58. Retrieved November 15, 2019.

External links

• Scandinavian units
• Swedish units