Stella cherry

Stella is a cultivar of cherry developed in British Columbia, Canada. It is notable as the first self-fertile sweet cherry to be named.[1] It has been awarded the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[2]

Stella cherry
GenusPrunus
SpeciesPrunus avium
Hybrid parentageLambert × John Innes Seedling 2420
CultivarStella
BreederK. O. Lapins
OriginSummerland, British Columbia, Canada

Cultivar history

The Stella variety was the result of a breeding program at the John Innes Institute in Norwich, England. That program developed three self-fertile seedlings, which were used in attempts to breed high-quality self-fertile cherry trees.[3] One of the seedlings was crossed with the Lambert variety at the Summerland Research Station in Summerland, British Columbia in 1956 by K. O. Lapins (namesake of the Lapins cherry cultivar), and the resulting hybrid tree was named "Stella" in 1968.[4] It has since been used to develop other cultivars, including the Chelan cherry.[5]

Tree characteristics

The Stella cherry tree is a vase-shaped tree with a mature height of about 20–30 feet and a spread of about 15 feet.[6] The tree blossoms early and fruits early, with moderate to heavy crops.[4] Though it is considered a universal pollinator for other sweet cherry varieties, it has been found to not pollinate the Bing cherry variety in some regions.[7] The tree can grow well in USDA Hardiness Zones 5–8.[8]

Fruit characteristics

The fruit of the Stella cultivar is large, heart-shaped, and dark red, with overall excellent quality.[9] It ripens about 1 week earlier than Bing.[1]

Compact Stella

A compact version of Stella was developed through X-ray irradiation of dormant Stella scions in 1964 at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York. This semi-dwarf variety of the cultivar grows to about half the size of the parent variety. It retains the parent variety's self-fertility and fruits early and heavily. It was named "Compact Stella" in 1973.[10]

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References
  1. UC Davis Foundation Plant Services Prunus Encyclopedia
  2. Award of Garden Merit Plants - Fruits and Vegetables
  3. Fruit Varieties and Horticultural Digest
  4. Stella, a Self-Fruitful Sweet Cherry Canadian Journal of Plant Science 51:252–253 (May 1971)
  5. WSU Tree Fruit: Chelan Washington State University
  6. Trees for Seattle
  7. WSU Tree Fruit: Sweet Cherry Pollination Washington State University
  8. Cherry Trees for USDA Zones 5–10
  9. USU Extension Utah State University
  10. "New fruits from Summerland, British Columbia"
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