St. Elmo Brady

Saint Elmo Brady (December 22, 1884 – December 25, 1966) was the first African American to obtain a Ph.D. degree in chemistry in the United States. He received his doctorate at the University of Illinois in 1916.[1]

For other people with similar names, see Saint Elmo (disambiguation) and Brady.

Saint Elmo Brady
Born	(1884-12-22)December 22, 1884 Louisville, Kentucky
Died	December 25, 1966(1966-12-25) (aged 82) Washington, D.C.
Alma mater	Fisk University (BA) University of Illinois (MS), (PhD)
Occupation	Chemist Professor

Early life and education

Saint Elmo Brady was born on December 22, 1884 in Louisville, Kentucky.[1] Greatly influenced by Thomas W. Talley, a pioneer in the teaching of science, Brady received his bachelor's degree from Fisk University in 1908 at the age of 24, and immediately began teaching at Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. Brady also had a close relationship with and was mentored by Booker T. Washington and George Washington Carver. In 1912, after his time at Tuskegee University, he was offered a scholarship to the University of Illinois to engage in graduate studies.

Brady published three scholarly abstracts in Science in 1914-15 on his work with Professor Clarence Derick. He also collaborated with Professor George Beal on a paper published in Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry titled, "The Hydrochloride Method for the Determination of Alkaloids." Professor Brady also authored three monographs on Household Chemistry for Girls.

Brady completed a M.S. in Chemistry in 1914 and carried out his Ph.D. thesis work at Noyes Laboratory under the direction of Derick, writing a dissertation in 1916 titled "The Divalent Oxygen Atom."[2]

Many years later, he told his students that when he went to graduate school, "they began with 20 whites and one other, and ended in 1916 with six whites and one other."

Legacy

Brady was the first African American to receive a Ph.D. in chemistry in the United States, which he received from the University of Illinois in 1916.[2]

During his time at Illinois, Brady became the first African American admitted to the university's chemical honor society, Phi Lambda Upsilon, (1914), and he was one of the first African Americans to be inducted into Sigma Xi, the science honorary society (1915).[3]

In November 1916, The Crisis—monthly magazine of the NAACP—selected Brady for its biographical sketch as "Man of the Month."

After completing his graduate studies, Brady taught at Tuskegee University from 1916 to 1920. Brady accepted a teaching position at Howard University in Washington, D.C., in 1920 and eventually became the Chair of Howard University's Chemistry Department.[2] In 1927 he moved to Fisk University to chair the school's Chemistry department. He remained at Fisk for 25 years until his retirement in 1952. While serving as the chair for the Chemistry department at Fisk University, Brady founded the first ever graduate studies program at a Black College/University. After his retirement from Fisk, he taught at Tougaloo College in Jackson, Mississippi.[4]

Brady's legacy was his establishment of strong undergraduate curricula, graduate programs, and fundraising development for four historically black colleges and universities. In conjunction with faculty from the University of Illinois, he established a summer program in infrared spectroscopy, which was open to faculty from all colleges and universities.

Talley-Brady Hall on the Fisk campus is named for Brady and another Fisk alumnus, Thomas Talley.[5]

Personal life and death

Brady married Myrtle Travers and they had two sons, Robert and St. Elmo Brady, Jr. who worked as a physician.[6]

St. Elmo Brady died on December 25, 1966 in Washington, D.C.

See also

• Percy Lavon Julian - third African-American to obtain a PhD in chemistry, after M. A. Chandler.[7]

References

1. "St. Elmo Brady (1884 - 1966)". Department of Chemistry at the University of Illinois. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
2. "Noyes Laboratory at the University of Illinois". National Historic Chemical Landmarks. American Chemical Society. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
3. "St. Elmo Brady". St. Elmo Brady. American Chemical Society. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
4. "St. Elmo Brady". Science History Institute. Retrieved 21 March 2018.
5. "Historic Markers Across Tennessee". Latitude 34 North. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
6. "Brady, Saint Elmo (1884-1966)". BlackPast.org. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
7. "Edward Marion Augustus Chandler: Chemist". The Faces of Science: African Americans in the Sciences. Retrieved 1 December 2016.