Spbetavirus

Spbetavirus (formerly Spbetalikevirus and sometimes SPbeta-like viruses) is a genus of viruses in the order Caudovirales, in the family Siphoviridae. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There is currently only one species in this genus: the type species Bacillus virus SPbeta.[1][4][5][6]

Spbetavirus
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Duplodnaviria
Kingdom: Heunggongvirae
Phylum: Uroviricota
Class: Caudoviricetes
Order: Caudovirales
Family: Siphoviridae
Genus: Spbetavirus
Type species
Bacillus virus SPbeta
Species[1]

Bacillus virus SPbeta

Synonyms
  • Spbetalikevirus[2]
    • Bacillus phage SPbeta[3]

Structure

Spbetaviruses are nonenveloped, with a head and tail. The head is about 81 nm in diameter. The tail is long, but fairly rigid, at about 355 nm long, 10 nm wide. It has six club-shaped terminal fibers and no collar.[4]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
SpbetavirusHead-TailT=7Non-envelopedLinearMonopartite

Genome

Genomes are linear, around 134kb in length.[4] The type species, Bacillus phage SPbeta, has been fully sequenced. It has about 134k nucleotides, with 185 proteins. The complete genome is available here[6]

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. The virus attaches to the host cell's adhesion receptors using its terminal fiber, and degrades the cell wall using viral exolysin enough to eject the viral DNA into the host cytoplasm via long flexible tail ejection system. Replication follows the replicative transposition model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Once the viral genes have been replicated, the procapsid is assembled and packed. The tail is then assembled and the mature virions are released via lysis. Bacteria serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are passive diffusion.[4]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
SpbetavirusBacteriaNoneInjectionLysisCytoplasmCytoplasmPassive diffusion

History

According to ICTV's ninth report,[7] the genus Spbetalikevirus was first accepted under the name SPbeta-like viruses, assigned to family Siphoviridae, order Caudovirales. The genus was renamed to Spbetalikevirus in 2012.[8][9] The genus was renamed Spbetalikevirus in 2015.[2]

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References
  1. "Virus Taxonomy: 2018b Release" (html). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2019. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  2. Ackermann, Hans-Wolfgang; et al. (May 2015). "Renaming of all phage genera" (PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  3. Krupovic, Mart; et al. (May 2015). "To rename all (522)existing bacterial virus and 2 archaeal virus species" (PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  4. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  5. ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  6. NCBI. "Spbetalikevirus Complete Genomes". Retrieved 18 February 2015.
  7. http://ictvonline.org/proposals/2005.166-70B.v2.SPBeta.pdf
  8. http://ictvonline.org/proposals/2011.010aB.A.v2.Caudovirales_genus-ren.pdf
  9. ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2013 Release". Retrieved 18 February 2015.
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