Shikike

The Shikike (式家, Ceremonials House) was a cadet branch of the Fujiwara clan founded by Fujiwara no Umakai,[1] i.e., one of the four great houses of the Fujiwara, founded by the so-called Fujiwara Four, who were sons of Fujiwara no Fuhito.[2]

Fujiwara Shikike
式家
Parent houseFujiwara clan
TitlesVarious
FounderFujiwara no Umakai
Founding year8th century

The name Shikike (式家) derives from the fact that the founder Umakai held the office of Shikibu-kyō (式部卿), or the head of the Shikibu-shō (式部省, "Ministry of Ceremonial").[3][4] Thus Shikike may be translated the "Ceremonials House."[5]

The other branches were the Nanke (the eldest brother Muchimaro's line), Hokke (Fusasaki's line), and the Kyōke (Fujiwara no Maro's line).[3]

Umakai's son Hirotsugu mounted a rebellion named after his name in 740, which ended with suppression and his death, spelling ill-fortune for the Shikike.[6] The Nanke then gained hegemony again (back from the non-Fujiwara Tachibana no Moroe) until Nakamaro mounted his own uprising.

Shikike came into ascendancy with Fujiwara no Momokawa.[5] The notorious Fujiwara no Kusuko who enticed and held sway over Emperor Heizei is also of the Shikike clan.[7]

See also

Notes

  1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric et al. (2005). "Fujiwara no Umakai" at Japan Encyclopedia, p. 211, p. 211, at Google Books.
  2. Naoki, Kōjirō (1993). "4. The Nara state". In Hall, John W. (ed.). The Cambridge History of Japan: Ancient Japan (preview). 1. Cambridge University Press. pp. 248–. ISBN 9780521223522.
  3. Brinkley, p. 203., p. 203, at Google Books; excerpt, "Muchimaro's home, being in the south (nan) of the capital, was called Nan-ke; Fusazaki's, being in the north (hoku), was termed Hoku-ke; Umakai's was spoken of as Shiki-ke, since he presided over the Department of Ceremonies (Shiki), and Maro's went by the name of Kyō-ke, this term also having reference to his office."
  4. Jinnō Shōtōki (14th century), under Emperor Mommu: 武笠, 三 (Mukasa, San), ed. (1914). 神皇正統記(Jinnō Shōtōki), 讀史餘論 (Tokushi yoron), 山陽史論 (Sanyō shiron). 有朋堂書店. p. 64 via Internet Archive. 三門は式部卿宇合の龍、式家といふ
  5. McCullough, William H. (1999). "Chapter 2: The Capital and its Society". In Hall, John Whitney; Shively, Donald H.; McCullough, William H. (eds.). The Cambridge History of Japan (preview). 2. Cambridge University Press. p. 26. ISBN 9780521550284.
  6. Nussbaum, "Fujiwara no Hirotsugu" at p. 211, p. 211, at Google Books
  7. McCullough 199, pp. 33–5

References

  • Brinkley, Frank and Dairoku Kikuchi. (1915). A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era. New York: Encyclopædia Britannica. OCLC 413099
  • Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan Encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128


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