Seymouriamorpha

Seymouriamorpha were a small but widespread group of limbed vertebrates (tetrapods). They have long been considered reptiliomorphs, and most paleontologists may still accept this point of view, but some analyses suggest that seymouriamorphs are stem-tetrapods (not more closely related to Amniota than to Lissamphibia).[1] Many seymouriamorphs were terrestrial or semi-aquatic. However, aquatic larvae bearing external gills and grooves from the lateral line system have been found, making them unquestionably amphibians. The adults were terrestrial. They ranged from lizard-sized creatures (30 centimeters) to crocodile-sized 150 centimeter long animals. They were reptile-like. If seymouriamorphs are reptiliomorphs, they were the distant relatives of amniotes. Seymouriamorphs form into three main groups, Kotlassiidae, Discosauriscidae, and Seymouriidae, a group that includes the best known genus, Seymouria. The last seymouriamorph became extinct by the end of Permian.[2]

Seymouriamorpha
Temporal range: Early Permian - Late Permian
Fossil of Seymouria in the National Museum of Natural History
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Reptiliomorpha
Order: †Seymouriamorpha
Watson, 1917
Subgroups

See text.

Taxonomy

Cladogram based on Ruta, Jeffery, & Coates (2003):[4]

Seymouriamorpha
 

Kotlassia

 
 
 

Utegenia

 
 
 
 

Seymouria baylorensis

 
 

Seymouria sanjuanensis

 
 
 
 

Ariekanerpeton

 
 
 

Discosauriscus austriacus

 
 

Discosauriscus pulcherrimus

 
 
 
 
 
 

Cladogram based on Klembara (2009) & Klembara (2010):[5][6]

Seymouriamorpha
 

Utegenia

 
 
 

Seymouria

 
 
 

Karpinskiosaurus

 
Discosauriscidae
 
 

Makowskia

 
 

Spinarerpeton

 
 
 
 

Ariekanerpeton

 
 

Discosauriscus

 
 
 
 
 
 
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References
  1. Laurin, Michel (2010). How Vertebrates Left the Water. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-26647-6.
  2. Bulanov VV (2003). "Evolution and systematics of seymouriamorph parareptiles". Paleontological Journal. 37 (Supplement 1): 1–105.
  3. Olson, E. C. (1951). "Fauna of upper Vale and Choza: 1-5" (PDF). Fieldiana Geology. 10 (11): 89–128. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.3264.
  4. Ruta, M.; Jeffery, J. E.; Coates, M. I. (2003). "A supertree of early tetrapods". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 270 (1532): 2507–16. doi:10.1098/rspb.2003.2524. PMC 1691537. PMID 14667343.
  5. Klembara, Jozef (2009). "The skeletal anatomy and relationships of a new discosauriscid seymouriamorph from the lower Permian of Moravia (Czech Republic)". Annals of Carnegie Museum. 77 (4): 451–483. doi:10.2992/0097-4463-77.4.451.
  6. Klembara, Jozef (2011). "The cranial anatomy, ontogeny, and relationships of Karpinskiosaurus secundus (Amalitzky) (Seymouriamorpha, Karpinskiosauridae) from the Upper Permian of European Russia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (1): 184–212. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00629.x.


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