Senjski Rudnik

Senjski Rudnik (Serbian Cyrillic: Сењски Рудник) is a village located in the municipality of Despotovac, eastern Serbia. According to the 2011 census, it had a population of 438 inhabitants. It is the site of the oldest preserved coal mine in Serbia, established in 1853.[3] The mine marks the beginnings of the industrial revolution in Serbia.[4]

Senjski Rudnik

Сењски Рудник
Village
Senjski Rudnik landscape
Senjski Rudnik
Coordinates: 43°59′46″N 21°34′09″E
Country Serbia
DistrictPomoravlje District
MunicipalityDespotovac
Area
 • Total18.76 km2 (7.24 sq mi)
Elevation
666 m (2,185 ft)
Population
 (2011)[2]
 • Total438
 • Density23/km2 (60/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)

Coal mining museum
Remains of Senjski Rudnik coal mine

As of 2010, there is an ongoing project, sponsored by the Council of Europe and the Ministry of Culture of Serbia, of restoration of preservation of the mine complex, which will turn the entire site into an open-air museum and historical heritage site.[5][6]

By February 2018, the display included 1,000 exhibits and 5,000 photos and is organized as the Coal Mining Museum (Serbian: Музеј угљарства, romanized: Muzej ugljarstva). The industrial heritage complex includes:[7]

  • Main building; built in 1930, today it hosts the central exhibition which on two levels presents mining history in the region, from the 3rd century until today;
  • Engineering workshop; it consists of four rooms, displaying the everyday life of the miners and their families; documents show that women worked as miners even decades before World War I, but especially during the war when men were drafted;
  • Open-air exhibition; hosts exhibits too large for the indoors display: machines, apparatuses, cars, etc.
  • Mining elevator; the only one of its kind remaining in the world, so it was placed under the state protection; it is still operational; the hoist was constructed in 1872 in Graz, Austria, has hornbeam gear wheels and is steam operated;
  • "Aleksandar's underground mine"; entry into the mineshaft and the administrative building above the entry, built in 1860 and completely preserved;
  • "Sokol house"; the first Worker's council in Serbia was formed in it;
  • Church of the Saint Procopius; built in 1900 in memory of the dead miners from the 1893 fire;
  • Radnička and Činovnička streets;
  • House of Petrija;
  • Elementary school "Dositej Obradović"; built in 1896;
  • Lebanese cedar park; named after the Lebanese cedar tree brought from the Mount Athos in 1903;

Future additions include the underground museum and restoration of the miners' restaurant which will be used by the tourists. The underground section of the museum is a 530 m (1,740 ft) long abandoned mineshaft. Project is based on the similar facilities in Velenje, Slovenia and Bochum, Germany. The exhibition will be interactive and the visitors would leave the shaft via original mining elevator.[7]

In the close vicinity of the museum are the monasteries of Ravanica and Manasija, the Resava Cave and the Lisine waterfall.[7]

Notable people

References
  1. "Насеља општине Деспотовац" (PDF). stat.gov.rs (in Serbian). Statistical Office of Serbia. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
  2. "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia: Comparative Overview of the Number of Population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011, Data by settlements" (PDF). Statistical Office of Republic Of Serbia, Belgrade. 2014. ISBN 978-86-6161-109-4. Retrieved 2014-06-27.
  3. Vučković, Branko (23 July 2013). "Senjski rudnik - mesto koje nestaje". slobodnaevropa.org (in Serbian). Retrieved 22 October 2019.
  4. Preliminary Technical Assessment of the Architectural and Archaeological Heritage in South East Europe -- Senje Coal mine (PDF), Regional Programme for Cultural and Natural Heritage in South East Europe, 2005-09-12, retrieved 2010-10-19
  5. Senjski rudnik - grad muzej, SEECult.org, 2009-06-13, retrieved 2010-10-19
  6. Senjski rudnik Eko muzej po projektu Saveta Evrope, Ministry of Culture of Republic of Serbia, 2010-08-19, retrieved 2010-10-19
  7. Dragoljub Stevanović (4 February 2018). "Занимљива Србија: рудници угља и забаве" [Interesting Serbia: mines of coal and fun]. Politika-Magazin, No. 1062 (in Serbian). pp. 20–21.
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