Senegalia

Senegalia
	Senegalia senegal
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Caesalpinioideae
Genus:	Senegalia; Raf. 1838
Type species
	Senegalia senegal; (L.) Britton & P. Wilson
Sections and species-groups[1]
	Section Senegalia; Section Monacanthea Caesia species-group; Hainanensis species-group; Rugata species-group; Pennata species-group; Teniana species-group; ;
	The range of the genus Senegalia
Synonyms
	Acacia subgen. Aculeiferum Vassal sect. Aculeiferum Pedley; Austroacacia Mill.; Dugandia Britton & Killip 1936; Manganaroa Speg. 1921;

Senegalia (from Senegal and Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.)[2] is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Until 2005, its species were considered members of Acacia.[3][4] The genus is still considered polyphyletic and will require further division.[4][5] Senegalia can be distinguished from other acacias by its spicate inflorescences and non-spinescent stipules.[6]

Species list

Senegalia comprises the following species:[3][4][7][8][9][10][11][12]

Senegalia adenocalyx (Brenan & Exell) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia albizioides (Pedley) Pedley—Climbing wattle
Senegalia alemquerensis (Huber) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia altiscandens (Ducke) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia amazonica (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia andamanica (I.C. Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia andongensis (Welw. ex. Hiern.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia angico (Mart.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia angustifolia (Lam.) Britton & Rose
Senegalia ankokib (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia aristeguietana (L. Cardenas) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia asak (Forssk.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia ataxacantha (DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Flame acacia
Senegalia bahiensis (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia baronii (Villiers & Du Puy) Boatwr.
Senegalia berlandieri (Benth.) Britton & Rose—Guajillo
Senegalia bonariensis (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Seigler & Ebinger—Cat's claw acacia
Senegalia borneensis (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia brevispica (Harms) Seigler & Ebinger—Wait-a-bit, Gigiri
- subsp. brevispica (Harms) Seigler & Ebinger
- subsp. dregeana (Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia burkei (Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Black monkey thorn
Senegalia caesia (L.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia caffra (Thunb.) P.J.H.Hurter & Mabb.
Senegalia caraniana (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia catechu (L.f.) P.J.H.Hurter & Mabb.—Catechu, Cachou, Black cutch
- Senegalia catechu var. catechu
- Senegalia catechu var. sundra—Cutch tree
Senegalia catharinensis (Burkart) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia cearensis Terra & Pinto Garcia[13]
Senegalia chariessa (Milne-Redh.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia cheilanthifolia (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
- var. cheilanthifolia (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
- var. hirtella (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia chundra (Roxb. ex Rottler) Maslin
Senegalia ciliolata (Brenan & Exell) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia cinerea (Schinz) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia circummarginata (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.^{[Note 1]}
Senegalia clandestina Maslin, B.C.Ho, H.Sun & L.Bai[1]
Senegalia comosa (Gagnep.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia condyloclada (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia crassifolia (A. Gray) Britton & Rose—Anacacho orchid tree
Senegalia delavayi (Franch.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia densispina (Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia donnaiensis (Gagnep.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia dudgeonii (Craib ex Holland) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia ebingeri Seigler[14]
Senegalia emilioana (Fortunato & Cialdella) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia eriocarpa (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Woolly-podded acacia
Senegalia erubescens (Welw. ex Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia erythrocalyx (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia etilis (Speg.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia ferruginea (DC.) Pedley
Senegalia fiebrigii (Hassl.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia flagellaris (Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia fleckii (Schinz) Boatwr.
Senegalia fumosa (Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia gageana (Craib) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger^{[Note 2]}
Senegalia galpinii (Burtt Davy) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia garrettii (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, B.C.Ho, H.Sun & L.Bai[1]
Senegalia gaumeri (Blake) Britton & Rose
Senegalia giganticarpa (G.P. Lewis) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia gilliesii (Steud.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia globosa (A. Bocage & Miotto) Queiroz
Senegalia goetzei (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.
- subsp. goetzei (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.
- subsp. microphylla (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia gourmaensis (A.Chev.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia grandisiliqua (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia grandistipula (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia greggii (A. Gray) Britton & Rose—Cat's-claw, Catclaw acacia, Gregg catclaw, Long-flower catclaw, Paradise flower, Texas catclaw, Texas mimosa, Wait-a-bit, Catclaw, Garra del diablo
- var. arizonica Isely
- var. greggii (A. Gray) Britton & Rose—Typical catclaw acacia, Long-flower catclaw
Senegalia guarensis (L. Cárdenas & F. García) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia guangdongensis Maslin, B.C.Ho, H.Sun & L.Bai[1]
Senegalia hamulosa (Benth.) Boatwr.
Senegalia hayesii (Benth.) Britton & Rose
Senegalia hecatophylla (Steud. ex. A.Rich.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia hereroensis (Engl.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Mountain thorn
Senegalia hildebrandtii (Vatke) Boatwr.
Senegalia hoehnei Seigler et al.[15]—Hoehne’s senegalia
Senegalia huberi (Ducke) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia iguana (M. Micheli) Britton & Rose
Senegalia interior Britton & Rose—Interior acacia
Senegalia intsia (L.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia kallunkiae (Grimes & Barneby) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia kamerunensis (Gandoger) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia kekapur (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia kelloggiana (A.M. Carter & Rudd) Glass & Seigler[16]—Kellogg acacia
Senegalia kerrii (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, B.C.Ho, H.Sun & L.Bai[1]
Senegalia klugii (Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia kostermansii (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia kraussiana (Meisn. ex Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
- subsp. kraussiana (Mesin. ex Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
- subsp. madagascariensis (Villiers & Du Puy) Boatwr.
Senegalia kuhlmannii (Ducke) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia kunmingensis (C.Chen & H.Sun) Maslin, B.C.Ho, H.Sun & L.Bai[1]
Senegalia lacerans (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia laeta (R.Br. ex Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia langsdorfii (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia lasiophylla (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia latifoliola (Kuntze) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia latistipulata (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia loretensis (J.F. Macbr.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia lowei (L. Rico) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia lujai (De Wild.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia macbridei (Britton & Rose ex J.F. Macbr.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia macilenta (Rose) Britton & Rose—Thin acacia
Senegalia macrocephala (Lace) Maslin, B.C.Ho, H.Sun & L.Bai[1]
Senegalia macrostachya (Reichenb. ex DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia magnibracteosa (Burkart) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia manubensis (J.H.Ross) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia martii (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia martiusiana (Steud.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia maschalocephala (Griseb.) Britton & Rose
Senegalia mattogrossensis (Malme) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia meeboldii (Craib) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia megaladena (Desv.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
- var. indochinensis (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
- var. megaladena (Desv.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia mellifera (Vahl) Seigler & Ebinger
- subsp. mellifera (Vahl) Seigler & Ebinger
- subsp. detinens (Burch.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia menabeensis (Villiers & Du Puy) Boatwr.
Senegalia meridionalis (Villiers & Du Puy) Boatwr.
Senegalia merrillii (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger—Merrill's wattle
Senegalia micrantha Britton & Rose
Senegalia mikanii (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia mirandae (L. Rico) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia modesta (Wall.) P.J.H.Hurter
Senegalia moggii (Thulin & Tardelli) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia monacantha (Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger
- f. monacantha (Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger
- f. schulziana Burkart
Senegalia montigena (Brenan & Exell) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia montis-salinarum N.Hahn[17]
Senegalia montis-usti (Merxm. & A.Schreiber) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Brandberg acacia
Senegalia multipinnata (Ducke) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia muricata (L.) Britton & Rose—Spineless acacia, Spineless wattle, (Antigua) Iron wood, (Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands) Amarat
Senegalia nigrescens (Oliv.) P.J.H. Hurter
Senegalia nitidifolia (Speg.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia obliqua Maslin, B.C.Ho, H.Sun & L.Bai[1]
Senegalia occidentalis (Rose) Britton & Rose—Western acacia, Tree catclaw
Senegalia ochracea (Thulin & Hassan) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia ogadensis (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia olivensana (G.P. Lewis) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia oliveri (Vatke) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia orientalis Maslin, B.C.Ho, H.Sun & L.Bai[1]
Senegalia paganuccii Seigler, Ebinger & Ribeiro
Senegalia painteri Britton & Rose
Senegalia palawanensis (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia paraensis (Ducke) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia parviceps (Speg.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia pedicellata (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia peninsularis Britton & Rose—Peninsular acacia
Senegalia pennata (L.) Maslin—Climbing wattle
- subsp. hainanensis (Hayata) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
- subsp. insuavis (Lace) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
- subsp. pennata (L.) Maslin
Senegalia pentagona (Schumach.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia persiciflora (Pax) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia pervillei (Benth.) Boatwr.
- var. pervillei (Benth.) Boatwr.
- var. pubescens (Villiers & Du Puy) Boatwr.
Senegalia petrensis (Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia piauhiensis (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia picachensis (Brandegee) Britton & Rose—Mount Picachos acacia
Senegalia piptadenioides (G.P. Lewis) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia pluricapitata (Steud. ex Benth.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia pluriglandulosa (Verdc.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia podadenia Britton & Killip
Senegalia polhillii (Villiers & Du Puy) Boatwr.
Senegalia polyacantha (Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger—Catechu tree
- subsp. campylacantha (Hochst. ex. A.Rich.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
- subsp. polyacantha (Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia polyphylla (DC.) Britton & Rose—Manyleaf acacia
Senegalia praecox (Griseb.) Seigler & Ebinger
- f. armata Speg.
- f. inermis Speg.
- f. praecox (Griseb.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia prominens Maslin, B.C.Ho, H.Sun & L.Bai[1]
Senegalia pruinescens (Kurz) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia pseudointsia (Miq.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia pseudonigrescens (Brenan & J.H.Ross) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia pteridifolia (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia purpusii (Brandegee) Britton & Rose
Senegalia quadriglandulosa (Martius) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia recurva (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia reniformis (Benth.) Britton & Rose
Senegalia rhytidocarpa (L. Rico) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia riparia (Kunth) Britton & Rose ex Britton & Killip—Riparian acacia, Catch and keep
- var. angustifolia Kuntze
- f. intermedia Hassl.
- var. latifolia Kuntze
- var. media Kuntze
- var. multijuga Ducke
- var. riparia (Kunth) Britton & Rose ex Britton & Killip
Senegalia robynsiana (Merxm. & A.Schreiber) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia roemeriana (Scheele) Britton & Rose—Roemer acacia, Catclaw, Roemer catclaw, Round-flower catclaw
Senegalia rostrata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia rovumae (Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia rugata (Lam.) Britton & Rose
Senegalia rurrenabaqueana (Rusby) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia sakalava (Drake) Boatwr.
- var. hispida (Villiers & Du Puy) Boatwr.
- var. sakalava (Drake) Boatwr.
Senegalia santosii (G.P. Lewis) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia scandens Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia schlechteri (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia schweinfurthii (Brenan & Exell) Seigler & Ebinger
- var. schweinfurthii (Brenan & Exell) Seigler & Ebinger
- var. sericea (Brenan & Exell) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia senegal (L.) Britton
Senegalia senegalensis (Forssk.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia serra (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia skleroxyla (Tussac) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia somalensis (Vatke) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia stenocarpa Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia stipitata Maslin, B.C.Ho, H.Sun & L.Bai[1]
Senegalia subangulata (Rose) Britton & Rose
Senegalia subsessilis Britton & Rose
Senegalia sulitii (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia tamarindifolia (L.) Britton & Rose—Tamarind-leaf acacia
Senegalia tanganyikensis (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia tawitawiensis (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia taylorii (Brenan & Exell) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia teniana (Harms) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia tenuifolia (L.) Britton & Rose—Slim-leaf acacia
- var. producta (Grimes) Seigler & Ebinger
- var. tenuifolia (L.) Britton & Rose
- var. veraensis Kitanov
Senegalia tephrodermis (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia thailandica (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia thomasii (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia tonkinensis (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia torta (Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger^{[Note 3]}
Senegalia trijuga (Rizzini) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia tubulifera (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia tucumanensis (Griseb.) Seigler & Ebinger
- var. argentinensis Speg.
- var. subscandens Griseb.
- var. tucumanensis Griseb.
Senegalia velutina (DC.) Seigler & Ebinger
- var. glabrescens (Speg.) Burkart
- var. monadena Hassl.
  - f. ferox Hassl.
  - f. inermis Hassl.
  - f. monadena Hassl.
- var. velutina (DC.) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia venosa (Hochst. ex Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia verheijenii (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia vietnamensis (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia visco (Lorentz ex Griseb.) Seigler & Ebinger—Arca, Visco, Viscote, Viscote blanco, Viscote negro
Senegalia vogeliana (Steud.) Britton & Rose—Macata bourse bastard
Senegalia weberbaueri (Harms) Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia welwitschii (Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
- subsp. delagoensis (Harms ex Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.
- subsp. welwitschii (Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
Senegalia wrightii (Benth.) Britton & Rose—Wright catclaw acacia, Catclaw, Long-flower catclaw, Texas catclaw, Wright acacia, Wright catclaw, Wright's acacia
Senegalia yunnanensis (Franch.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
Senegalia zamudii Seigler, Ebinger & Glass
Senegalia zizyphispina (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.

Incertae Sedis

These species are suspected to belong to Senegalia, but have not been formally transferred.[3][10]

Acacia diadenia R.N. Parker
Acacia donaldii Haines
Acacia hohenackeri Craib
Acacia intsioides DC.
Acacia lankaensis Kosterm.
Acacia lenticularis Buch.-Ham. ex Benth.
Acacia mahrana Thulin & Gifri
Acacia oligophylla Hoffsgg.
Acacia plumosa Lowe
Acacia plumosa Martius ex Colla
Acacia ricoae A. Bocage & Miotto

Hybrids

Senegalia ×anisophylla (S. Watson) Britton & Rose (Senegalia berlandieri × Senegalia crassifolia)[3]
Senegalia ×emoryana (Benth.) Britton & Rose (Senegalia berlandieri × Senegalia greggii)[3]
Senegalia ×sororia (Standl.) Britton & Rose (Senegalia berlandieri × Senegalia reniformis)[3]
Senegalia ×turneri Seigler, Ebinger & Glass (Senegalia berlandieri × Senegalia wrightii)[10]

Notes

¹ Senegalia circummarginata is sometimes considered a synonym of Senegalia senegal; see ([4]).

² Senegalia gageana is sometimes considered a synonym of Senegalia caesia; see ([8]).

³ Senegalia torta is sometimes considered a synonym of Senegalia caesia; see ([8]).

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References

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Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). R - Z. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 2458. ISBN 9780849326783.
Seigler DS; Ebinger JE; Miller JT. (2006). "The genus Senegalia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from the New World". Phytologia. 88 (1): 38–93. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.17845.
Kyalangalilwa B; Boatwright JS; Daru BH; Maurin O; van der Bank M. (2013). "Phylogenetic position and revised classification of Acacia s.l. (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) in Africa, including new combinations in Vachellia and Senegalia". Bot J Linn Soc. 172 (4): 500–523. doi:10.1111/boj.12047.
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Dyer C. (2014). "New names for the African Acacia species in Vachellia and Senegalia". Southern Forests: A Journal of Forest Science. 76 (4): iii. doi:10.2989/20702620.2014.980090.
Seigler DS; Ebinger JE. (2010). "New Combinations in Senegalia and Vachellia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae)" (PDF). Phytologia. 92 (1): 92–95.
Maslin BR; Seigler DS; Ebinger J. (2013). "New combinations in Senegalia and Vachellia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) for Southeast Asia and China". Blumea. 58 (1): 39–44. doi:10.3767/000651913X669914.
Seigler DS; Ebinger J. (2009). "New Combinations in the Genus Senegalia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae)" (PDF). Phytologia. 91 (1): 26–30.
Maslin B. "List of Acacia sensu lato species". World Wide Wattle. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
Ali SI. (2014). "The Genus Acacia s.l. in Pakistan" (PDF). Pak J Bot. 46 (1): 1–4.
Boatwright JS, Maurin O, van der Bank M. (2015). "Phylogenetic position of Madagascan species of Acacia s.l. and new combinations in Senegalia and Vachellia (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae, Acacieae)". Bot J Linn Soc. 179 (2): 288–294. doi:10.1111/boj.12320.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
Terra V, Pinto Garcia FC. (2016). "A new species of Senegalia (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) from the Caatinga Domain, Brazil". Phytotaxa. 288 (2): 181–186. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.288.2.9.
Seigler DS. (2014). "A New Senegalia (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae) from Southern Peru". Taxon. 23 (1): 90–93. doi:10.3417/2011100.
Seigler D; Morim MP; Barros MJF; Ebinger JE. (2006). "A new species of Senegalia (Fabaceae) from Brazil". Phytotaxa. 132 (1): 59–63. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.132.1.6.
Glass CE; Seigler DS. (2006). "A New Combination in Senegalia and Typification of Six New World Acacia Names". Taxon. 55 (4): 993–995. doi:10.2307/25065694. JSTOR 25065694.
Hahn N. (2016). "Senegalia montis-salinarum, a new species of Fabaceae: Mimosoideae endemic to the Soutpansberg, South Africa". Phytotaxa. 244 (2): 174–180. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.244.2.5.