Seneca Lake AVA

The Seneca Lake AVA is an American Viticultural Area around Seneca Lake in Upstate New York. The wine appellation is entirely contained within the larger Finger Lakes AVA, and includes portions of Ontario, Schuyler, Seneca, and Yates counties. Seneca Lake is a glacial lake about 35 miles (56 km) long and up to 600 feet (180 m) deep. The lake does not freeze in winter, and acts as a giant heat storage unit for the vineyards surrounding the lake, extending the growing season. The most commercially important grape variety in the region is Riesling, although a wide variety of Vitis vinifera and French hybrid grapes are grown.[3]

Seneca Lake AVA
Wine region
TypeAmerican Viticultural Area
Year established1988, amended 2003[1]
CountryUnited States
Part ofFinger Lakes AVA
Other regions in Finger Lakes AVACayuga Lake AVA
Climate regionContinental
Total area204,600 acres (82,799 ha)[2]
Size of planted vineyards3,700 acres (1,497 ha)[3]
Varietals producedBaco noir, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Catawba, Cayuga, Chardonnay, Delaware, Gewurztraminer, Melody, Merlot, Niagara, Pinot noir, Riesling, Sangiovese[3]
No. of wineries44[4]

In 1977, Glenora Wine Cellars was the first winery to open on Seneca Lake. [5] Wagner Vineyards, established by Stanley Wagner in 1979, was one of the earliest wineries in the area.[6]

History

The Iroquois were the first to utilize the microclimates created by the lake's varying water temperatures. The Iroquois' fruit crops flourished. Later, white settlers planted only what they needed to survive or use for local barter, until the opening of the Erie Canal. Backyard fruit trees and arbors quickly grew into commercial orchards and vineyards.

The area’s earliest vineyard on record belonged to the Reverend William Boswick. In 1829, Boswick grew Catawba and Isabella grapes in his rectory garden located in Hammondsport, New York on the southern tip of Keuka Lake. He distributed cuttings to parishioners and soon offshoots from his vineyards spread throughout the region.

In 1866, the western shores of Seneca Lake became home to its first winery, the Seneca Lake Grape Wine Company. The winery planted 100 acres (40.5 ha) of grapes. At the time, it was the largest vineyard in the state. By 1869 they were producing 14,000 US gallons (53,000 l) of Seneca Lake’s first commercial wine. Then, in 1882, New York State opened its Agricultural Experiment Station in Geneva, New York located at the north end of Seneca Lake. Its grape breeding and research programs helped to substantiate Seneca Lake as a prominent player in the grape growing industry. By 1900 there were over 20,000 acres (8,100 ha) of vineyards throughout the Finger Lakes and more than 50 wineries.

In 1919, the passage of Prohibition strongly impacted the wine and grape growing industries. Only the largest wineries were able to survive by making grape juice and sacramental wine. Total area of Finger Lakes’ vineyards was cut in half. And many of the vineyards that remained were replanted to produce grape varieties popular for juice or for the fresh fruit market. When Prohibition was repealed, the wine and grape growing industry remained a shadow of its former self. The Seneca Lake Grape Wine Company had folded and area farmers struggled to survive in a much reduced New York State market.

The next significant change for the Seneca Lake grape growing and wine producing industry occurred during the late 1950s and 1960s. Two young European viticultural pioneers named Charles Fournier and Dr. Konstantin Frank began to research and experiment with Vinifera grapes in the Finger Lakes Region. Fournier and Frank’s research led them to Seneca Lake where they found the most favorable microclimates conducive for growing Vinifera grapes. In the early 1970s, Fournier planted 20 acres (8.1 ha) of Vinifera on the east side of Seneca Lake. At the same time, a German native named Hermann Wiemer bought and planted 140 acres (56.7 ha) of Vinifera on the west side of Seneca Lake. The success of these two vineyards along with the establishment of a wine research program at the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station in Geneva (which had been banned since its opening) helped to start the revitalization of Seneca Lake in the grape growing and wine producing industry.

gollark: PIAAC level 1 says> Most of the tasks at this level require the respondent to read relatively short digital or print continuous, non-continuous, or mixed texts to locate a single piece of information that is identical to or synonymous with the information given in the question or directive. Some tasks, such as those involving non-continuous texts, may require the respondent to enter personal information onto a document. Little, if any, competing information is present. Some tasks may require simple cycling through more than one piece of information. Knowledge and skill in recognizing basic vocabulary determining the meaning of sentences, and reading paragraphs of text is expected.and 4% of people score below that, apparently.
gollark: (the live site is broken inexplicably)
gollark: https://web.archive.org/web/20210731020018/https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2019/2019179/index.asp
gollark: America is a big country. There's probably at least one ridiculously old/wrong/isolated person who can't read.
gollark: It's lying.

References
  1. Code of Federal Regulations. "§ 9.128 Seneca Lake." Archived 2012-02-12 at the Wayback Machine Title 27: Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms; Part 9 – American Viticultural Areas; Subpart C – Approved American Viticultural Areas. Retrieved Feb. 6, 2008.
  2. Wine Institute, The (2008). "American Viticultural Areas by State". Retrieved Feb. 6, 2008.
  3. Appellation America (2007). "Seneca Lake (AVA): Appellation Description". Retrieved Feb. 6, 2008.
  4. "Seneca Lake Wineries – A directory of Finger Lakes wineries on Seneca Lake". Retrieved 23 June 2011.
  5. "Fast Facts: Finger Lakes Wine Country".
  6. Fox, Margalit. "Stanley Wagner, New York Winery Owner, Dies at 83", The New York Times, June 30, 2010. Accessed July 1, 2010.

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